Archives of Disease in Childhood articles from April 2003

Archives of Disease in Childhood archives from April 2003

Accident prevention: a priority for paediatricians. (Trauma Prevention).
April 1, 2003... Trauma prevention is a neglected area from the point of view of coordinated input by paediatricians at local level and to an extent at the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health (RCPCH) level. This oversight is surprising given that...

Cloacal exstrophy. (Images in Paediatrics).
April 1, 2003... This newborn baby was referred to us for malformed lower abdomen since birth. On examination the umbilical cord was displaced downward and the lower abdominal wall was replaced by a large red coloured mass. The mass had a thin, red, protruding...

"Stay off the greens": encouraging consultation questions. (Doctor-Patient Communication).
April 1, 2003... There is great power in the spoken word and doctors should beware misunderstandings. The first author spent some time in general practice. On a home visit to a man in bed with pneumonia he was bidding farewell to the man's wife at the front...

Semeiology--a well established and challenging paediatric speciality. (Leading Article).
April 1, 2003... "This week's mystery comes from seven-year-old Callum from Middlesex who, when walking a variable distance, develops an ache around the knees and down his calf of such severity that he has to stop, when it disappears immediately. He also used...

Growth hormone therapy in the Prader-Willi syndrome: who should receive it and when? (Endocrinology).
April 1, 2003... In November 2000 the Department of Health in England granted a licence to Pharmacia Limited for the use of their recombinant growth hormone, Genotropin (somatropin rbe), in the Prader-Willi syndrome. The indications for use were given as...

The term diplegia should be abandoned: use of the term has served to confuse classification and obscure interpretation of epidemiological and clinical studies. (Neurology).
April 1, 2003... From the writings of Freud onwards there is broad agreement on the definition of cerebral palsy (CP) but attempts to classify it, based on brain pathology, timing of postulated insult, aetiology, or clinical syndrome, taking account of one or...

Evaluation of cultural competence and antiracism training in child health services. (Original Article).
April 1, 2003... Aims: To evaluate the acceptability and effectiveness of cultural competence and antiracism training to professionals providing services to ill or disabled children. Methods: Immediate post-training and retrospective questionnaire survey...

General Certificate of Secondary Education performance in very low birthweight infants. (Original Article).
April 1, 2003... Aim: To compare children of very low birth weight with matched controls for their performance in the General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE). Methods: GCSE examination results of 167 children of birth weight [less than or equal...

Thrombocytopenia-absent radius syndrome. (Archivist).
April 1, 2003... The thrombocytopenia-absent radius (TAR) syndrome is characterised by bilateral absence of the radius with both thumbs present (absent thumbs suggests other syndromes) and thrombocytopenia which may be transient and tends to remit in later...

Does providing social services with information and advice on immunisation status of "looked after children" improve uptake? (Short Report).
April 1, 2003... We prospectively assessed whether providing social services with information on the immunisation status for a cohort of looked after children in the care of an urban unitary authority in England improved uptake rates. The provision of such...

Web Top Ten for 2002.
April 1, 2003... www.archdischild.com These articles scored the most hits on ADC's website during 2002 (1.) Kawasaki disease: an evidence based approach to diagnosis, treatment, and proposals for future research P A Brogan, A Bose, D Burgner, et...

Early detection of hypertension in general practice. (Short Report).
April 1, 2003... We suggest a formula to aid diagnosis of hypertension in children and adolescents in general practice. The values obtained from this formula were found to correlate well with the values in the charts recommended by the Update of 1987 Task Force...

National guideline for the management of suspected sexually transmitted infections in children and young people. (Adolescent Sexual Health).
April 1, 2003... The Children Act 1989 (1) defines a child as "a person who has not yet reached 18 years of age." In England, Wales, and Scotland the present age of consent for heterosexual and homosexual sex is 16 years and in Northern Ireland it is 17 years....

Thirsty Thursday. (Postcard from Down Under).(Editorial)
April 1, 2003... "The trouble is, you see, that they are two-can drunks... " Well, no they aren't. Like most of the alcoholics that I'v met, they work very, very hard at getting drunk. The quote id just one of the many things said to me during a couple of...

Juvenile onset spondyloarthropathies: therapeutic aspects. (Extended Report).
April 1, 2003... Juvenile onset spondyloarthropathy (SpA) is a term that refers to a group of human leucocyte antigen (HLA).B27 associated inflammatory disorders affecting children under the age of 16 years, producing a continuum of clinical symptoms through...

Comparative efficacy of terbutaline sulphate delivered by Turbuhaler dry powder inhaler or pressurised metered dose inhaler with Nebuhaler spacer in children during an acute asthmatic episode. (Original Article).
April 1, 2003... Aims: To compare the efficacy of terbutaline sulphate delivered via Turbuhaler with a pressurised metered dose inhaler (pMDI) connected to Nebuhaler spacer in a population of asthmatic children presenting to emergency departments because of an...

Vulvovaginitis in prepubertal girls. (Original Article).
April 1, 2003... This retrospective study evaluated the clinical features and findings in bacterial cultures and in microscopic examination of vaginal secretions in 80 prepubertal girls, aged 2-12 years, with vulvovaginitis. Vaginal secretions were obtained...

Are tablets a practical source of protein substitute in phenylketonuria? (Original Article).
April 1, 2003... Background: A phenylalanine-free amino acid based protein substitute is necessary to provide the molar source of protein in phenylketonuria (PKU). Protein substitutes in PKU are usually given as drinks. These are unpalatable and compliance is...

Metrorrhagia and precocious puberty revealing primary hypothyroidism in a child with Down's syndrome. (Case Report).
April 1, 2003... We report a child with Down's syndrome in whom metrorrhagia and precocious puberty revealed primary autoimmune hypothyroidism. The patient had a decreased growth velocity, exaggerated weight gain, bone age delay, and bilaterally enlarged...

Hyperinsulinism and overgrowth without obesity. (Case Report).
April 1, 2003... We report a 5 year old girl with postnatal overgrowth (height velocity >97th centile), hyperinsulinaemia, and increased insulin-like growth factor 1 for age, without evidence of bioactive or immunoreactive growth hormone excess or pituitary...

Preventable blindness in Africa. (Archivist).
April 1, 2003... It has been estimated that some 1.4 million children around the world are blind and about three quarters of them live in Asia or Africa. Much of this blindness could be prevented or treated and a report from Nigeria (IR Ezegwui and colleagues....

Psychological management of two cases of self injury on the paediatric intensive care unit. (Case Report).
April 1, 2003... Self injury has not been previously reported in an intensive care setting. Two cases are presented of ventilator dependent children with high spinal cord lesions who exhibited an unusual form of self mutilation, namely lip biting. The key to...

Anti B cell targeted immunotherapy for treatment of refractory autoimmune haemolytic anaemia in a young infant. (Case Report).
April 1, 2003... We report the case of an 8 week old infant with fulminant autoimmune haemolytic anaemia refractory to conventional immunomodulating treatment. Massive haemolysis resulted in cardiac decompensation and acute renal failure which necessitated...

Anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia and immunodeficiency: the role of NEMO. (Case Report).(nuclear factor kB essential modulator)
April 1, 2003... Anhidrotic (hypohidrotic) ectodermal dysplasia associated with immunodeficiency (EDA-ID; OMIM 300291) is a newly recognised primary immunodeficiency caused by mutations in NEMO, the gene encoding nuclear factor kB (NF-kB) essential modulator,...

Corticosteroid treatment of severe, non-responsive Clostridium difficile induced colitis. (Case Report).
April 1, 2003... Clostridium difficile can cause inflammatory diarrhoea and colitis by disrupting normal colonic flora. Corticasteroids are effective against diarrhoea associated with inflammatory bowel disease, but their effectiveness in treating inflammatory...

Hepatosplenic cat scratch disease treated with corticosteroids. (Short Report).
April 1, 2003... A 3 year old girl with hepatosplenic cat scratch disease developed prolonged fever unresponsive to treatment with multiple antibiotics, including gentamicin, azithromycin, rifampin, and ciprofloxacin. Fever resolved with carticosteroid...

Bladder dysfunction in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. (Short Report).
April 1, 2003... Although bladder function is thought to be unaffected in Duchenne muscular dystrophy, 46/88 boys interviewed had urinary problems. Nine underwent video urodynamics, showing in eight a small capacity, hyperreflexic bladder, and in the ninth...

An unusual life threatening cause of torticollis in a child. (Images in Paediatrics).
April 1, 2003... An 8 year old girl was admitted to hospital because of fever, neck stiffness, and enlarged cervical lymph nodes. A diagnosis of lymphadenitis was made and she was treated in hospital two days with intravenous cefuroxime followed by oral...

Syncope in childhood. (Review).
April 1, 2003... Syncope in childhood is very common. The vast majority of episodes are benign, and are due to neurocardiogenic syncope. Only a minority are due to something potentially more serious or life threatening. The diagnosis and differentiation of...

Update on childhood rhabdomyosarcoma. (Review).
April 1, 2003... The overall survival of childhood rhabdomyosarcoma has improved dramatically over the past 10 years. Early diagnosis and appropriate referral to a specialised centre leading to an accurate and timely diagnosis reflects on overall outcome....

Safety and success of exhaled breath condensate collection in asthma. (Original Article).
April 1, 2003... Background: Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) is a rapidly expanding area of research to study airway inflammation through the detection of volatile and non-volatile substances in the airways. Aims: To determine the safety and feasibility of...

The effects of obesity on pulmonary function.(Child Health Series)
April 1, 2003... Aims: (1) To determine the predominant pulmonary function abnormality in our population of obese children; and (2) to assess the correlation between the severity of lung function impairment and the degree of obesity as assessed by dual energy x...

Letters.(Letter to the Editor)
April 1, 2003... If you have a burning desire to respond to a paper published in ADC or F&N, why not make use of our "rapid response" option? Log on to our website (www.archdischild.com), find the paper that interests you, click on "full text" and send your...

The Lazarus case, Life and Death Issues in Neonatal Intensive Care. .(Book Review)
April 1, 2003... John D Lantos. The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2001, pp 178. ISBN 0-8018-6762-2 When things go badly wrong in the perinatal period there has developed a culture in many "advanced societies" that demands a search for someone to blame....

Problems in Paediatric Drug Therapy, 4th edn. (Book Reviews).(Book Review)
April 1, 2003... Edited by L A Pagliaro and A M Poglioro. Washington: AphA 2002, $99.00, pp 829. ISBN 1 58212001 3 There is increasing interest in both the clinical and scientific aspects of drug therapy in paediatric patients. This text book by the...

A study in Ankara, Turkey. (Lucina).(Brief Article)
April 1, 2003... A study in Ankara, Turkey (Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2002;37:1313-6) has confirmed the usefulness of glyceryl trinitrate ointment in children with anal fissure. A total of 102 children aged between 2 months and 15 years were randomised to...

A cross-sectional study of 1532 13-16 year olds in 10 British towns. (Lucina).(Brief Article)
April 1, 2003... A cross-sectional study of 1532 13-16 year olds in 10 British towns (Pediatrics 2002;11O:597-608) has shown no effect of infant feeding (breast or bottle) on adolescent serum concentrations of total- (TC) and low-density-lipoprotein...

Research on adult patients in Denver. (Lucina).(Brief Article)
April 1, 2003... Research on adult patients in Denver, Colorado (New England Journal of Medicine 2002;347:1151-60, see also editorial, ibid: 1199-1200) has shown a deficiency of locally produced antimicrobial peptides in skin biopsy specimens from patients with...

A study in Leeds and Stoke on Trent. (Lucina).(Brief Article)
April 1, 2003... Every paediatrician must have experienced a sense of unease about the fate of children with chronic illness or disability when they grow too old for paediatric services. Young adult teams (YATs), typically including a specialist in...

Non-capsulate Haemophilus influenzae. (Lucina).(Brief Article)
April 1, 2003... Non-capsulate Haemophilus influenzae (strains not typable as a, b, c, d, e, or f) is second only to group A [beta] haemolytic streptococcus as a bacterial cause of vulvovaginitis in children. In Kettering (Journal of Clinical Pathology...

Ventricular pre-excitation pattern (VPE) is the characteristic ECG pattern associated with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. (Lucina).(Brief Article)
April 1, 2003... The ventricular pre-excitation pattern (VPE) is the characteristic ECG pattern associated with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. The management of asymptomatic (no history of tachycardia attacks) patients found to have VPE is controversial. In...

Some children with autism have lymphoid nodular hyperplasia and colitis when investigated some years after measles immunisation but the relationship between colitis, autism, and immunisation is hotly debated. (Lucina).(Brief Article)
April 1, 2003... Some children with autism have lymphoid nodular hyperplasia and colitis when investigated some years after measles immunisation but the relationship between colitis, autism, and immunisation is hotly debated. A study in Iceland (Gut...

Full term newborn babies are commonly hypermetropic and astigmatic and these gradually correct spontaneously during the first year, a process known as emmetropisation. (Lucina).(Brief Article)
April 1, 2003... Full term newborn babies are commonly hypermetropic and astigmatic and these gradually correct spontaneously during the first year, a process known as emmetropisation. A study of 59 preterm infants without retinopathy of prematurity in Glasgow...

Plenary sessions. (Abstracts).(Brief Article)
April 1, 2003... [P1] IMPLEMENTATION OF A GUIDELINE FOR CHILDREN PRESENTING WITH ACUTE BREATHING DIFFICULTY: A BEFORE AND AFTER STUDY M. Lakhanpaul (1), T.J. Stephenson (1), R. MacFaul (2), U. Werneke (3), P. Hemingway (1). Child Health, University of...

Endocrinology and diabetes. (Abstracts).
April 1, 2003... [G1] SELECTING GIRLS WITH PRECOCIOUS PUBERTY FOR BRAIN IMAGING: EUROPEAN VALIDATION OF AN EVIDENCE-BASED DIAGNOSIS RULE M. Chalumeau, C.G. Hadjiathanasiou, S.M. Ng, A. Cassio, D. Mul, M. Cisternino, C.J. Partsch, C. Theodoridis, M. Didi, E....

Gastroenterology, hepatology, and nutrition. (Abstracts).
April 1, 2003... [G14] COMPARISON OF THE EFFECT OF AN OLIVE OIL (CLINOLEIC) AND A SOYA BASED LIPID EMULSION (INTRALIPID) ON PULMONARY HAEMODYNAMICS IN PRETERM INFANTS--RESULTS OF PILOT STUDY L.S. Miall (1) J.W.L. Puntis(1) D. Thompson (2) ...

Perinatal medicine. (Abstracts).
April 1, 2003... [G30] TRANSIENT ADRENOCORTICAL INSUFFICIENCY OF PREMATURITY (TAP) AND SYSTEMIC HYPOTENSION IN VERY LOW BIRTH WEIGHT INFANTS P.C. Ng, C.H. Lee, C.W.K. Lam, K.C. Ma, T.F. Fok, I.H.S. Chan, E. Wang. Department of Poediatrics, Department of...

Community child health and accident & emergency. (Abstracts).
April 1, 2003... [G54] A SURE START INITIATIVE TO REDUCE ACCIDENT AND EMERGENCY ATTENDANCES: ADULT EDUCATION HELPS PARENTS MANAGE COMMON CHILDHOOD ILLNESS T.C. Kilgour, A.F. Mellon. Sure Start Thorney Close, Sunderland; University of Leeds Aims:...

International child health. (Abstracts).
April 1, 2003... [G68] DETECTION OF SEVERE PROTEIN-ENERGY MALNUTRITION BY NURSES IN THE GAMBIA C. Homer, K. Kvatum, D. Jeffries, S. Allen. Royal Victoria Hospital, Banjul, the Gambia, West Africa Aim: To test whether nurses can use the WHO Integrated...

Intensive care. (Abstracts).(multiple case studies)
April 1, 2003... [G76] INCIDENCE AND OUTCOME OF POST-MENINGITIC HYDROCEPHALUS K. Vijayakumar (1) J.R. Edwards P. Prabhakar (1) I.K. Pople (1) P.J. Murphy (2) P.M. Sharples (1) (1.) Department of Paediatric Neurology, Frenchay...

Child protection and radiology. (Abstracts).
April 1, 2003... [G87] FREQUENCY OF OCCULT SKELETAL AND NEUROLOGICAL INJURIES IN CHILDREN UNDERGOING A SKELETAL SURVEY FOR SUSPECTED NON ACCIDENTAL INJURY L.J. Fender, N. Braderick, J. Somers, T. Jaspan, N. McConchie, K.H. Halliday. Queen's Medical Centre,...

Neurology. (Abstracts).
April 1, 2003... [G95] INCIDENCE OF CHILDHOOD STROKE IN THE UK: DATA FROM THE BRITISH PAEDIATRIC SURVEILLANCE UNIT AND THE STRATEGIC HEALTH AUTHORITY F.J.K. O'Callaghan (1) A.N. Williams (2) A. Davis (3) F.J. Kirkham (1) (1) Southampton...

Rheumatology. (Abstracts).
April 1, 2003... [G102] MULTICENTRE AUDIT OF MUSCULOSKELETAL EXAMINATION IN GENERAL PAEDIATRICS A. Myers (1) J.E. McDonagh (3) K. Gupta (3) R. Hull (4) D. Barker (4) L.J. Kay (5) H.E. Foster (1,2) (1.) Rheumatology ...

Clinical genetics and pathology. (Abstracts).
April 1, 2003... [G112] PATERNAL UPD14 ASSOCIATED WITH CONGENITAL CUTIS LAXA L.M. Cornette, A.B. Gill, D. Martinez, C. Hall, C.P. Bennett, CJ. Cullinane, S.M. Clark, D.W. Beverley, J.F. Harvey, D.T. Bonthron. Leeds General Infirmary, Department of...

Respiratory. (Abstracts).
April 1, 2003... [G117] FEASIBILITY OF INTERRUPTER RESISTANCE ([R.SUB.INT]) MEASUREMENT IN ACUTE ASTHMA B. Satish, Y. Bastian-Lee, P. Seddon. Royal Alexandra Childrens Hospital, Brighton Aims: Feasibility of measuring interrupter resistance...

Computers. (Abstracts).
April 1, 2003... [G125] THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PAEDIATRIC HEPATOLOGY DEPENDENCY SCORE--AN AUDIT TOOL A.D. Cowley, S.V. Beath, C. Cummins (2), D. Porter, I. van Mourik, P.J. McKiernan, D.A. Kelly. The Liver Unit and (2.) Statistics Dept. Birmingham...

Cardiology. (Abstracts).
April 1, 2003... [G136] CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE IN PREMATURE INFANTS N. Sabrine, K. Tanner, C. Wren. Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Freeman Hospital. Newcastle upon Tyne Aims: To assess the prevalence at live birth and spectrum of congenital...

Paediatric education. (Abstracts).
April 1, 2003... [G143] AN OBJECTIVE, RELIABLE AND VALID SCORE TO MEASURE THE QUALITY OF A CLINICAL ASSESSMENT PLAN P. Ramnarayan, G.C. Roberts, R. Kapoor (1), C. Edwards, A. Tomlinson, J. Britto. Imperial College London at St Mary's, (1) Princess...

BACCH and child development and disability. (Abstracts).
April 1, 2003... [G149] NATIONAL STUDY OF FIVE YEAR OLD ICSI CONCEIVED CHILDREN COMPARED WITH NATURALLY AND IVF CONCEIVED CONTROLS A.G. Sutcliffe, C.J. Peters, X. Chrysostomau, P. Edwards. Department of Child Health, Royal Free Hospital Medical School, UCL...

Allergy, immunity, and infection. (Abstracts).
April 1, 2003... [G155] 'SECKEL' PHENOTYPE, RADIOSENSITIVITY, GROWTH FAILURE, MYELODYSPLASIA AND COMBINED IMMUNODEFICIENCY DUE TO DNA LIGASE IV MUTATIONS A.R. Gennery, A.J. Cant, J. Seidel (1) S.E. Palmer (2) M. O'Driscall (3) K....

Dermatology. (Abstracts).(cardiocutaneous syndrome presenting as a hemiparesis)
April 1, 2003... [G169] CARDIOCUTANEOUS SYNDROME PRESENTING AS A HEMIPARESIS SE. Baron, J. Britton, M. Saleem, S. Clark, R. Sheehan-Dare. Dermatology and Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, The General Infirmary at Leeds, Leeds, LS1 3EX Cutaneous...

History of paediatrics and child health. (Abstracts).
April 1, 2003... [G170] INSIGHT INTO PAEDIATRIC IN-PATIENT POPULATION IN THE VICTORIAN HOSPITAL: INFORMATION FROM THE CENSUS RETURNS OF 1881 M. Hewitt. Child Health, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UK Introduction: The establishment of...

Palliative care. (Abstracts).(for sick children)
April 1, 2003... [G177] PAEDIATRIC PALLIATIVE CARE--WHERE AND WHAT IS PUBLISHED? A. Hunt (1,2) R. Ham (3) S. Jassal (4) A. Thompson (5). (1.) Royal College of Nursing Institute, Rodcliffe Infirmary, Oxford (2.) Department of Child...

Psychiatry and psychology. (Abstracts).
April 1, 2003... [G189] AUDIT OF THE SPECIALIST ADHD CLINIC IN THANET REGION IN SOUTH EAST KENT S. Banerjee. School & Child Health, East Kent Hospitals NHS Trust, Queens House, Queen Street, Ramsgate, Kent Introduction: A Specialist ADHD Clinic is...

General paediatrics. (Abstracts).(traumatic brain injury in children)
April 1, 2003... [G195] EARLY COGNITIVE AND PSYCHOLOGICAL OUTCOME FOLLOWING ADMISSION TO HOSPITAL FOR TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY (TBI) IN CHILDREN H. Miller, A.L. Curran, R. McCarter, I.K. Pople, P.M. Sharples and the Kids Head Injury Study Group. ...

Metabolic diseases. (Abstracts).
April 1, 2003... [G209] DUAL PATHOLOGY IN TWO HYPOTONIC CHILDREN WITH PRADER-WILLI SYNDROME AND MUSCLE MITOCHONDRIAL COMPLEX I DEFICIENCY E. Wassmer, B.H. Robinson, I. Tein. Dept. of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada Aim &...

Nephrology. (Abstracts).
April 1, 2003... [G214] LAPAROSCOPIC-ASSISTED PLACEMENT OF PERITONEAL DIALYSIS CATHETERS: EXPERIENCE OF A NOVEL TECHNIQUE A.R. Williams, J.M.F. Hughes, A.C.H. Lee, M.M. Fitzpatrick, AS. Najmaldin. Departments of Paediatric Surgery & Nephrology, Leeds...

Law. (Abstracts).
April 1, 2003... [G224] MEDICAL AND EMOTIONAL PROBLEMS FACED BY ASYLUM SEEKING CHILDREN WHOSE ASYLUM APPEALS ARE NOT ACCEPTED: ETHICAL AND LEGAL DILEMMA B. Yuksel, K. Withana. Barnet and Chase Farm Hospitals NHS Trust, Department of Paediatrics, The...

Oncology and haematology. (Abstracts).
April 1, 2003... Oncology and haematology. (Abstracts) [G48] THE EFFECT OF CHANGING PROTOCOLS ON THE NEED FOR HIGH DEPENDENCY AND INTENSIVE CARE IN CHILDREN WITH CANCER: A REGIONAL REVIEW L. Newbury, P. Sartori, R.I. Ross Russell. Department of...