Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry articles from March 2001

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry archives from March 2001

Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy: from stroke to vessel wall physiology.
March 1, 2001... Ischaemic stroke, which accounts for 85% of all stokes is characterised by its remarkable aetiopathogenic diversity, with three main varieties: atherothrombotic brain infarction, cardiac emboli, and small artery diseases, and with up to 40% of...

Gait disorders.
March 1, 2001... The paper by Stolze et al [1] (this issue, pp 289-297) substantially contributes to an improved diagnosis of often occurring gait disorders. The study compares the kinematics of gait in patients with Parkinson's disease before and after...

Comparative analysis of the gait disorder of normal pressure hydrocephalus and Parkinson's disease.
March 1, 2001... Abstract Objectives--Comparative gait analyses in neurological diseases interfering with locomotion are of particular interest, as many hypokinetic gait disorders have the same main features. The aim of the present study was (1) to compare...

Shunt related changes in somatostatin, neuropeptide Y, and corticotropin releasing factor concentrations in patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus.
March 1, 2001... Abstract Objectives--Recent data indicate that alterations in brain neuropeptides may play a pathogenic role in dementia. Neuropeptide Y (NPY), somastostatin (SOM), and corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) are neuropeptides involved in...

Ambulatory ECG and analysis of heart rate variability in Parkinson's disease.
March 1, 2001... Abstract Objectives--Cardiovascular reflex tests have shown both sympathetic and parasympathetic failure in Parkinson's disease. These tests, however, describe the autonomic responses during a restricted time period and have great...

Magnetisation transfer ratio and mean diffusivity of normal appearing white and grey matter from patients with multiple sclerosis.
March 1, 2001... Abstract Objective--To assess the feasibility of a new technique based on diffusion anisotropy to segment white and grey matter of the brain. To use this technique to measure the mean diffusivity (D) and magnetisation transfer ratio (MTR)...

Quantitative diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging, cerebral atrophy, and disability in multiple sclerosis.
March 1, 2001... Abstract Objectives--To investigate the relations between quantitative diffusion coefficient MRI histograms, clinical variables, and cerebral atrophy. Methods--Twenty two patients with clinically definite multiple sclerosis and 11...

Distinct behavioural profiles in frontotemporal dementia and semantic dementia.
March 1, 2001... Abstract Objective--To test predictions that fronto-temporal dementia and semantic dementia give rise to distinct patterns of behavioural change. Methods--An informant based semistructured behavioural interview, covering the domains of...

Clinical features associated with internal carotid artery occlusion do not correlate with MRA cerebropetal flow measurements.
March 1, 2001... Abstract Objectives--The aetiology of clinical symptoms in patients with severe internal carotid artery (ICA) lesions may be thromboembolic or haemodynamic. The purpose was to assess whether changes in cerebropetal blood flow caused by an...

Incidence and outcome of subarachnoid haemorrhage: a retrospective population based study.
March 1, 2001... Abstract Objectives--The purpose was to define the incidence and case fatality rates of subarachnoid haemorrhage in the population of Devon and Cornwall. Methods--A retrospective population based design was employed with multiple...

Atrial fibrillation with small subcortical infarcts.
March 1, 2001... Abstract Objectives--To evaluate the characteristics of cardioembolic small (maximum lesion diameter[less than]1.5 cm) subcortical infarcts (SSI) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods--Twenty seven patients with chronic AF...

Henry Hun (1854-1924).(pioneer in neurology)
March 1, 2001... Neurology in upper New York State was pioneered by the Hun family. [1] Thomas Hun MD (1808-unknown), the neurological patriarch, completed medical studies at the University of Pennsylvania and spent 6 years of postgraduate study in Europe. [1]...

Depth of lesion model in children and adolescents with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury: use of SPGR MRI to predict severity and outcome.
March 1, 2001... Abstract Objectives--The utility of a depth of lesion classification using an SPGR MRI sequence in children with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) was examined. Clinical and depth of lesion classification measures of TBI...

[alpha]-Tocopherol/lipid ratio in blood is decreased in patients with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy and asymptomatic carriers of the 11778 mtDNA mutation.
March 1, 2001... Abstract Objectives--Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a maternally inherited disease characterised by acute or subacute bilateral visual loss in young patients. The primary aetiological event is a mutation in the mitochondrial...

Electrophysiological evaluation of oropharyngeal swallowing in myotonic dystrophy.
March 1, 2001... Abstract Objective--Oropharyngeal dysphagia is a common feature of patients with myotonic dystrophy and is not usually perceived due to their emotional deficits and lack of interest. The aim was to show the existence and frequency of...

Differences in accommodative properties of median and peroneal motor axons.
March 1, 2001... Abstract Objectives--To investigate whether accommodation to depolarising and hyperpolarising currents differs for motor axons of human upper and lower limb nerves. Methods--The threshold tracking technique was used to measure...

Prevalence of headache in an elderly population: attack frequency, disability, and use of medication.
March 1, 2001... Abstract Objectives--To assess the 1 year prevalence of tension-type headache (TTH), migraine headache (MH), and chronic daily headache (CDH), as well as of headache in general in a rural elderly population. Methods--A door to door two...

Scleroderma "en coup de sabre": pathological evidence of intracerebral inflammation.
March 1, 2001... Abstract Linear scleroderma "en coup de sabre" (LScs) is associated with neurological complications, the pathogenesis of which is uncertain. A 27 year old woman is reported on who developed epilepsy and focal neurological signs in...

Presynaptic inhibition of cerebellar GABAergic transmission by glutamate decarboxylase autoantibodies in progressive cerebellar ataxia.
March 1, 2001... Abstract Autoantibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) have been found in stiff-man syndrome, insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, and progressive cerebellar ataxia. A patient with progressive cerebellar ataxia is described who...

Assessing the risk of early multiple sclerosis in patients with clinically isolated syndromes: the role of a follow up MRI.
March 1, 2001... Abstract Objectives--With increasing evidence that permanent tissue damage occurs early in the course of multiple sclerosis, it is important that treatment trials include patients in the earliest stages of the disease. For many patients...

Paul Emilio Roux (1853-1933).(microbiologist and director of the Pasteur Institute)
March 1, 2001... The French microbiologist Emilio Roux obtained his MD in 1881. He then joined the newly created Pasteur Institute and in 1904 became its director; he remained in this post until his death in 1933. Roux worked with Pasteur with many of his...

Obsessive-compulsive symptoms in Parkinson's disease.
March 1, 2001... Abstract To systematically investigate obsessive-compulsive traits in Parkinson's disease, patients were administered the Maudsley obsessional-compulsive inventory (MOCI) and a modification of the Leyton obsessional inventory (LOI) to a...

Identification without naming: a functional neuroimaging study of an anomic patient.
March 1, 2001... Abstract The neural correlates of identification and name retrieval have proved difficult to characterise because both occur highly automatically in normal language processing. Thus, although some evidence points to the left anterior...

Blood pressure response to glucose potassium insulin therapy in patients with acute stroke with mild to moderate hyperglycaemia.
March 1, 2001... Abstract Insulin is neuroprotective in animal stroke models but its effects in acute stroke in humans are unknown. The Glucose Insulin in Stroke Trial (GIST-UK) is a randomised controlled trial investigating the benefits of maintaining...

Widespread cerebral cavernous haemangiomata found after 24 years of intermittent symptoms.
March 1, 2001... The diagnosis of many types of cerebral pathology has been greatly facilitated by the development of MRI. We report on a 65 year old man who presented to his local casualty department with diplopia, right sided sensory disturbance, and...

Infarction and shrinkage of a meningioma after extensive cosmetic surgery.
March 1, 2001... Spontaneous infarction in meningiomas causing acute symptoms is rare. Treating physicians should be aware of the phenomenon of spontaneous infarction in brain tumours after prolonged surgery, presumably related to hypotension or anaemia. A...

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.(Volitional and stimulation induced neuromyotonic discharges: unusual electrophysiological pattern in acquired neuromyotonia)(Zeta class glutathione transferase polymorphisms and Parkinson's disease)(A case of stiff limb syndrome responsive to plasma exchange)(Acute autonomic and sensory neuropathy after interferon [alpha]-2b therapy for chronic hepatitis C)(Neuropathic pain with vesical and rectal hyperreflexia and cocontraction after pelvic surgery)(Peripheral nerve ischaemia after internal iliac artery ligation)(Diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging in Neuro-Behcet's disease)(Azathioprine and interferon [beta]-1b treatment in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis)(Unilateral caudate head lesion simulating brain tumour in X-linked adult onset adrenoleukodystrophy)(Lymphadenopathy in patients with multiple sclerosis undergoing treatment with glatiramer acetate)(Association between the frequency of GSTZ1 polymorphisms and Parkinson's disease)(Clinical data of patients with multiple sclerosis treated with glatiramer acetate)(Letter to the Editor)
March 1, 2001... Volitional and stimulation induced neuromyotonic discharges: unusual electrophysiological pattern in acquired neuromyotonia Neuromyotonic discharges are electrophysiologically characterised as bursts of motor unit potentials firing at more...

CORRESPONDENCE.(Neurovisual rehabilitation in Balint's syndrome)(Arnold Chiari malformation and nystagmus of skew)(Botulinum toxin for the treatment of sialorrhoea in ALS: serious side effects of a transductal approach)(Treatment of early onset Parkinson's disease with ropinirole)(Does disturbed homocysteine and folate metabolism in depression result from enhanced oxidative stress?)(Long term follow up after perimesencephalic subarachnoid haemorrhage)(Idiopathic intracranial hypertension and anticardolipin antibodies)(Letter to the Editor)
March 1, 2001... Neurovisual rehabilitation in Balint's syndrome Further to the excellent review of neurovisual rehabilitation by Kerkhoff, [1] we think that it is prudent to communicate our experience in the management of a patient with Balint's syndrome...

The Neuropathology of Schizophrenia: Progress and Interpretation.(Review)
March 1, 2001... The Neuropathology of Schizophrenia. Progress and Interpretation. Edited by PAUL J HARRISON and GARETH W ROBERTS (Pp374, [pound]65.00). Published by Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2000. ISBN 0-19-262907-7. The neuropathology of...

Philosophical and Ethical Problems in Mental Handicap.(Review)
March 1, 2001... Philosophical and Ethical Problems in Mental Handicap. By PETER BYRNE (Pp l75, [pound]40.00). Published by Macmillan Press, Basingstoke, 2000. ISBN 0 312 23460 0. I cannot recommend this slim monograph highly enough to anyone working with...

Multiple sclerosis: Diagnosis, Medical Management and Rehabilitation.(Review)
March 1, 2001... Multiple sclerosis. Diagnosis, Medical Management and Rehabilitation. Edited by JACK S BURKS and KENNETH P JOHNSON. (Pp 624, US$210.00), Published by Demos Medical Publishing, New York, 2000. ISBN 1 888799 35 8. The past few years have...

Texture of the Nervous System of Man and the Vertebrates, vol. 1.(Review)
March 1, 2001... Texture of the Nervous System of Man and the Vertebrates by Santiago Ramon y Cajal. Volume 1. Translated and edited by PEDRO PASIK and TAUBA PASIK (Pp v1, 631. DM289, $US189.). Published by: Springer-Verlag, New York, 1999. 84-07-00200-3...

Microanatomical aspects for Neurosurgeons and Neuroradiologists.(Review)
March 1, 2001... Microanatomical aspects for Neurosurgeons and Neuroradiologists. Edited by WOLFGANG SEEGER. (Pp 423, US$298.00). Published by Springer-Verlag, Wien, 2000. ISBN 3 211 83376 5. The libraries of Cambridge Colleges contain many treasures. Among...

Hormones, Gender and the Aging Brain: The Endocrine Basis of Geriatric Psychiatry.(Review)
March 1, 2001... Hormones, Gender and the Aging Brain. The Endocrine Basis of Geriatric Psychiatry. Edited by MARY J MORRISON. (Pp 359, [pound]60.00). Published by Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2000. ISBN 0-521-65304-5. Hormonal changes clearly...

Essential Psychopharmacology: Neuroscientific Basis and Practical Applications.(Review)
March 1, 2001... Essential Psychopharmacology: Neuroscientific Basis and Practical Applications. By STEPHEN M STAHL (Pp 601, [pound]39.95). Published by Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2000. ISBN 0-521-64615-4. Psychiatry is a strange clinical...

Introduction to Clinical Neurology.(Review)
March 1, 2001... Introduction to Clinical Neurology. By DOUGLAS J GELD (Pp86, [pound]22.50). Published by Butterworth Heinemann, Oxford, 2000. ISBN 0-7506-7202-1. This is the second edition of Gelb's systematic approach to the neurological problems likely...

Parkinson's Disease and Parkinsonism in the Elderly.(Review)
March 1, 2001... Parkinson's Disease and Parkinsonism in the Elderly. Edited by JOLYON MEARA and WILLIAM C KOLLER (Pp251, [pound]29.95). Published by Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2000. ISBN 0-521-62884-9. This is a multiauthor book which aims to...

Experimental and Clinical Neurotoxicology, 2d ed.(Review)
March 1, 2001... Experimental and Clinical Neurotoxicology, 2nd edition. Edited by PETER S SPENCER, HERBERT H SCHAUMBURG and ALBERT C LUDOLPH. (Pp 1310, [pound]145.00). Published by Oxford University Press, New York, 2000. ISBN 0-19-508477-2. The first...

CORRECTION.(to article "What contributes to the quality of life in patients with Parkinson's disease?" in J Neurol Nerosurg Psychiatry 2000;69;308-12)(Correction Notice)
March 1, 2001... Schrag A, Jahanshahi M, Quinn N. What contributes to the quality of life in patients with Parkinson's disease? J Neurol Nerosurg Psychiatry 2000;69;308-12. The numbers given for the PDQ-39 in depressed patients (BDI[greater than]17) and...

Issues in Preventive Psychiatry.(Review)
March 1, 2001... Issues in preventive psychiatry. Edited by GEORGE N CHRISTODOULOU, DUSCIA LECIC-TOSEVSKI, AND VASSILIS P KONTAXAKIS. (Pp148, US$97.50) Published by Karger, Basel, 1999. ISBN 3 8055 6912-2 This book comprises a selection of papers taken from...