Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry articles from July 2001

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry archives from July 2001

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension: any light on the mechanism of the raised pressure?
July 1, 2001... Everyone knows that no one knows the mechanism of the increase of intracranial pressure in idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH; also called pseudotumour cerebri; see table 1 for diagnostic criteria). Does it much matter? After all, for...

The volumes of memory.
July 1, 2001... In 1937, Papez described a circuit for the processing of emotions, which has subsequently proved to be critical for memory function. [1] Various pathological entities can affect structures in this circuit, resulting in amnestic syndromes. In...

Long term effects of locomotor training in spinal humans.(Brief Article)
July 1, 2001... A major concern for patients after spinal cord injury is whether or not they will ever walk again. For completely paralysed patients this prospect is slim, but the outlook for those with partial cord lesions is more hopeful. Any programme, such...

Cognitive function in the oldest old: women perform better than men.
July 1, 2001... In the paper by van Exel et al in this issue (pp 29-32), [1] the authors examine the influence of sex and formal education on cognitive functioning in a community based sample of subjects over the age of 85. Based on the cognitive reserve...

Cervical vertigo.
July 1, 2001... Proprioceptive input from the neck participates in the coordination of eye, head, and body posture as well as spatial orientation. On this basis it has been argued that a syndrome of cervical vertigo might exist. However, cervical vertigo is a...

Structural MRI volumetric analysis in patients with organic amnesia, 1: methods and comparative findings across diagnostic groups.
July 1, 2001... Abstract Background--If they are to be replicable, MRI volume measurements require explicit definitions of structures and of criteria for delineating these structures on MRI. Previously published volumes in healthy subjects show...

Structural MRI volumetric analysis in patients with organic amnesia, 2: correlations with anterograde memory and executive tests in 40 patients.
July 1, 2001... Abstract Background--Cognitive-MRI correlations have often been studied in disorders in which there are multiple cognitive deficits and widespread cortical atrophy, such as Alzheimer's dementia. In such circumstances, the interpretation of...

Cognitive function in the oldest old: women perform better than men.
July 1, 2001... Abstract Objective--Limited formal education is associated with poor cognitive function. This could explain sex differences in cognitive function in the oldest old. Whether limited formal education explains differences in cognitive...

Patients with Alzheimer's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies mistaken for Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.
July 1, 2001... Abstract Objectives--To describe the clinical presentation of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) or dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) who were suspected of having Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) and to investigate whether current...

Memory lost, memory regained: neuropsychological findings and neuroimaging in two cases of paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis with radically different outcomes.
July 1, 2001... Abstract Objective--To report two cases of paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis (PNLE) with similar clinical presentation, but dramatically different outcome and to highlight the role of neuropsychological and radiological evaluation in...

Interference between postural control and mental task performance in patients with vestibular disorder and healthy controls.
July 1, 2001... Abstract Objectives--To determine whether interference between postural control and mental task performance in patients with balance system impairment and healthy subjects is due to general capacity limitations, motor control interference,...

Vestibular function in severe bilateral vestibulopathy.
July 1, 2001... Abstract Objectives--To assess residual vestibular function in patients with severe bilateral vestibulopathy comparing low frequency sinusoidal rotation with the novel technique of random, high acceleration rotation of the whole body. ...

Magnetic resonance markers of ischaemia: their correlation with vasodilatory reserve in patients with carotid artery stenosis and occlusion.
July 1, 2001... Abstract Objectives--Better methods of identifying patients with asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis who are at high risk of stroke are required. It has been suggested that proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) may allow the...

Emil Adolph von Behring (1854-1917) and Shibasaburo Kitasato (1852-1931).(overview of contributions to medical science)
July 1, 2001... HAAS, LF Although many of his ideas are now obsolete, von Behring was one of the founders of immunology. He was the recipient of the first Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine awarded in 1901 and was elevated to the Prussian nobility in...

Randomised controlled trial of telemedicine for new neurological outpatient referrals.
July 1, 2001... Abstract Objective--To test the hypothesis that telemedicine for new patient referrals to neurological outpatients is as efficient and acceptable as conventional face to face consultation. Methods--A randomised controlled trial between...

Prospective study of swallowing function in patients with cervical dystonia undergoing selective peripheral denervation.
July 1, 2001... Abstract Objective--To characterise swallowing function in patients with cervical dystonia with botulinum toxin treatment failure, before and after selective peripheral denervation surgery. Methods--Twelve patients with cervical...

Prospective study of omental transposition in patients with chronic spinal injury.
July 1, 2001... Abstract Objectives--This prospective study was designed to assess the effects of omental transpostion in patients with a chronic spinal injury. Methods-Neurological status was established to be stable and multiple baseline across...

Ataxia associated with Hashimoto's disease: progressive non-familial adult onset cerebellar degeneration with autoimmune thyroiditis.
July 1, 2001... Abstract Acquired cerebeliar ataxia has been described with hypothyroidism, and is typically reversible by thyroid hormone replacement therapy. The cerebellar dysfunction has been attributed to metabolic and physiological effects of the...

Polyamine metabolism in brain tumours: diagnostic relevance of quantitative biochemistry.
July 1, 2001... Abstract Objective--Activation of polyamine metabolism is closely associated with cellular proliferation. The purpose was to investigate whether the content of the polyamines putrescine, spermidine, and spermine, and the activity of the...

Long term effects of locomotor training in spinal humans.
July 1, 2001... Abstract The long term effects of locomotor training in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) were studied. In patients with complete or incomplete SCI coordinated stepping movements were induced and trained by bodyweight support and...

No association between multiple sclerosis and the Notch3 gene responsible for cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL).
July 1, 2001... Abstract The clinical and radiological overlap between multiple sclerosis and cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL; MIM 125310) raises the possibility of diagnostic confusion...

Antibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase: prevalence in neurological diseases.
July 1, 2001... Abstract High prevalence of autoantibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD-Ab) in stiff man syndrome (SMS) not only helps diagnosis, but also suggests immune mediated impairment of GABAergic functions. However, the presence of...

Alcohol consumption and frontal lobe shrinkage: study of 1432 non-alcoholic subjects.
July 1, 2001... Abstract Objectives--To evaluate the influences of chronic alcohol consumption on brain volume among social drinkers, as it is well known that alcohol misusers have a high risk of brain shrinkage. Methods--Frontal lobe volumes on MRI...

Gabapentin but not vigabatrin is effective in the treatment of acquired nystagmus in multiple sclerosis: how valid is the GABAergic hypothesis?
July 1, 2001... Abstract Acquired nystagmus occurs frequently in patients with multiple sclerosis and is often the cause of illusory motion of the environment (oscillopsia), and blurring of vision. Based primarily on the beneficial effect of gabapentin on...

Biochemical alterations during medication withdrawal in Parkinson's disease with and without neuroleptic malignant-like syndrome.
July 1, 2001... Abstract The object was to assess alterations in CSF concentrations of monoamine metabolites during withdrawal of medication in patients with Parkinson's disease in relation to the presence or absence of episodes resembling neuroleptic...

Right side neglect in right cerebellar lesion.
July 1, 2001... Abstract A patient is described who developed right side hemineglect after a right cerebellar lesion. This spatial disorder was interpreted as a secondary effect of a deficit of the motor organisation in the right hemispace due to left...

Combined systemic and intraventricular chemotherapy in primary CNS lymphoma: a pilot study.(central nervous system lymphoma)
July 1, 2001... Abstract The objective was to evaluate response rate, response duration, and toxicity after systemic and intraventricular chemotherapy in primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL). From September 1995 to September 1998, 20 consecutive patients with...

Range of cross reactivity of anti-GM1 IgG antibody in Guillain-Barre syndrome.
July 1, 2001... Abstract The cross reactivity of anti-GM1 IgG antibody with various gangliosides and asialo-GM1 in serum samples from 27 patients with Guillain-Barre syndrome was investigated. An enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) absorption study...

Brain stem compression by a giant vertebrobasilar aneurysm mimicking seronegative myasthenia.
July 1, 2001... Abstract A patient is described with a vertebrobasilar aneurysm who was erroneously thought to have myasthenia gravis on the basis of the clinical presentation and investigations, which were interpreted as supportive of a disorder of the...

Spontaneous occipital subdural haematoma.
July 1, 2001... A case of spontaneous occipital subdural haematoma due to ruptured aneurysm is described. A 70 year old woman was admitted on 20 July 2000, because of spontaneous severe occipitalgia. She had no neurological deficits. Several years before she...

Peripheral axonal motor degeneration after spinal cord infarct.
July 1, 2001... A 62 year old male hypertensive patient with known diabetes mellitus and diffuse arteriopathy was admitted for cardiac failure. On hospital day 2, septic shock due to an unidentified micro-organism, encephalopathy, and flaccid paraplegia...

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.(Letter to the Editor)
July 1, 2001... Accessory middle cerebral artery and moyamoya disease A rare association of moyamoya disease with the accessory middle cerebral artery was seen in two patients. The terminal portions of bilateral internal carotid arteries and their...

Behaviour and Mood Disorders in Focal Brain Lesions.
July 1, 2001... Behaviour and mood disorders in focal brain lesions. Edited by JULIEN BOGOUSSLAVSKY and JEFFREY L CUMMINGS. (Pp554, [pounds]49.95). Published by Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2000. ISBN 0-521-77482-9. This book has arisen because...

Update in Neurology for General Practitioners.(Review)
July 1, 2001... Update in neurology for general practitioners. By P ORTON, D BATEMAN, G FULLER, P NEWMAN, D PARK, R SHAKIR, and G YOUNG. (Pp 218 + 2 CD--ROM, [pounds]80.00) Published by University of Bath/British and Spine Foundatain/Royal College of General...

Rehabilitation of Visual Disorders After Brain Injury.
July 1, 2001... Rehabilitation of visual disorders after brain injury. By J ZIHL (Pp 187, [pounds]29.95, Published by Psychology Press, Hove, 2000. ISBN 0 86377 898 4. This is the second series on neuropsychological rehabilitation fostered by Barbara...

An Odd Kind of Fame: Stories of Phineas Gage.(story of a man who survived injuries from a tamping iron that was driven through his skull after an explosives accident on September 13, 1848)(Review)
July 1, 2001... An odd kind of fame. Stories of Phineas Gage. Edited by MALCOLM MACMILLAN (Pp 552, [pounds]24.95). Published by Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA, 2000. ISBN 0 262 13363 6. A brief description of the contents of this book, which is...

Management of Headache and Headache Medications, 2d ed.(Review)
July 1, 2001... Management of headache and headache medications, 2nd edition. By LAWRENCE D ROBBINS (Pp 296, US$49.00). Published by Springer-Verlag, New York, 2000. ISBN 0-387-98944-7. Dr Lawrence Robbins, from Rush Medical College, Chicago has revised...

Vascular Dementia.(Review)
July 1, 2001... Vascular dementia. Edited by JOHN STIRLING MEYER et al (Pp 320, US$88.00). Published by Futura Publishing, Armonk, 2001. ISBN 0 87993 425 5. This is a short text of 306 pages in 17 chapters covering vascular dementia. Although it is a...

Headache in Primary Care.(Review)
July 1, 2001... Headache in primary care. By SD SILBERSTEIN, RB LIPTON, PJ GOADSBY, and RT SMITH (Pp 192, [pounds]29.95). Published by Isis Medical Media, Oxford, 1999. ISBN 1-901865-66-55. A wide range of textbooks are now available on the topic of...

Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the British Neuropsychiatry Association, the Institute of Child Health, central London, 15-16 February 2001.
July 1, 2001... Advances in brain stimulation techniques M GEORGE Medical University of South Carolina, USA Aims: To critically review the exciting recent advances in new, minimally invasive brain stimulation (MIBS) techniques. Particular...