Communications of the ACM articles from January 1996

Communications of the ACM archives from January 1996

The World-Wide Web as social hypertext.
January 1, 1996... Something curious is happening on the World-Wide Web. It is undergoing a slow transformation from an abstract, chaotic, information web into what I call a social hypertext. Initially, I didn't pay much attention to the Web. After all, it was...

Who will test conformance? (conformity assessment of information technology products)
January 1, 1996... When purchasing information technology products conforming to standards, the purchaser should get a known set of functionality, implemented correctly, and tested for conformance to the standard. Increasingly, the marketplace emphasizes conformity...

Intellectual property rights and the global information economy.
January 1, 1996... The challenges that digital technologies pose for national and international regulation of intellectual property rights are receiving considerable attention these days from governmental commissions. In September 1995 the Clinton administration's...

The client's side of the World-Wide Web.
January 1, 1996... This overview of client Web presents some powerful features on the ever-widening opportunities. The term cyberspace first entered our collective vocabulary through the 1984 science fiction classic, Neuromancer [8]. The cyberspace in this novel...

Quality function deployment usage in software development. (includes related article on total quality management)
January 1, 1996... The authors survey major software vendors' use of quality improvement techniques during the early stages of the system development life cycle. Quality, even more than productivity, of software is emerging as the key issue in the 1990s [19],...

Toward multimedia conference proceedings.
January 1, 1996... A successful project utilizing various techniques for presenting material in CD-ROM format is described and problem areas are identified. Academic conferences are a long-standing and effective form of multimedia communication. Conference...

The role of lexicons in natural language processing.(Cover Story)
January 1, 1996... Dictionaries and computation are two subjects not often brought together in the same article nor even the same proposition. This article explores the growing relations between these two entities and, in particular, investigates whether what is...

Evaluating natural language processing systems.(Cover Story)
January 1, 1996... A variety of factions may be interested in evaluating natural language processing (NLP) systems, ranging from funding authorities who must choose between competing research projects and justify their choices through the results subsequently...

Information extraction.(Cover Story)
January 1, 1996... There may be more text data in electronic form than ever before, but much of it is ignored. No human can read, understand, and synthesize megabytes of text on an everyday basis. Missed information -- and lost opportunities -- has spurred...

Natural language processing for information retrieval.(Cover Story)
January 1, 1996... The need for automatic text retrieval (TR), also known as document retrieval (DR) has caught the attention of researchers in natural language processing (NLP). This article explores DR's key, properties, summarizes past experience in the...

Language use in context.(Cover Story)
January 1, 1996... Any text or dialogue establishes a linguistic context within which subsequent utterances must be understood. And beyond the linguistic context is the participatory context. A speaker or writer directs an utterance or text toward a hearer or...