Management Today articles from April 2002

Management Today archives from April 2002

Foreign bosses pay Britain a compliment. (Editorial).(Brief Article)
April 1, 2002... Immigration has a very bad name in this country. As a nation, we do not reveal our attractive side when dealing with those people who would come here to live and work. The debate about immigration into Britain usually degenerates into protest...

In my opinion: Chartered Management Institute companion Robin Gourlay, chairman of AWG, urges firms to stress the cash benefits of sustainable development.(Brief Article)
April 1, 2002... The world seems full of sceptical observers expressing doubts about the commitment of the corporate world to sustainable development. I find this odd when, for very good reasons, every large company proclaims its concern for the environment,...

Letters.(Letter to the Editor)
April 1, 2002... STRESS IS SERIOUS Your Editorial (MT March) suggests that recent Appeal Court decisions mean employers are safe from stress claims. In fact, it merely confirms that employers are under a duty of care to take reasonable steps to protect...

Cutting room: Rags and riches in celeb-watching; storm in a washing machine; why a larger EU is good for Britain; can economists shake off the dismal tag?(Brief Article)
April 1, 2002... If you happen to be browsing through this copy of MT in a newsagent (and why haven't you bought it?), try this. Take a look at Heat, which is probably the biggest business success story you'll find amid the conspicuously thinning rags on the...

Ten ways to: Run a successful event. (Brain Food).(Brief Article)
April 1, 2002... 1 Have a clear objective 2 Plan well ahead 3 Appoint one senior project manager 4 Don't attempt too much 5 Agree business content first 6 Plan the fun side carefully 7 Make the event as interactive as possible 8...

It just might work: Give your ideas an audition. (Brain Food).(Brief Article)
April 1, 2002... Do you want (and who doesn't?) to make meetings work faster, better or at all? Then go to the OPERA. This is the acronym that Kari Helm of the Finnish consultancy lnnotiimi applies. Start with 'Own suggestions': everybody gets five minutes to...

Unlikely managers: Rock band manager and agent. (Brain Food).(Carl Leighton-Pope)(Brief Article)(Interview)
April 1, 2002... Name Carl Leighton-Pope When did you become a manager? In 1972,1 managed a college band called Sassafras. When they split up, I became an agent for Dire Straits, Simple Minds and Pattie Smith. As a manager, UFO was my first big act....

Workplace rights: Alternative claims for stress. (Brain Food).(Brief Article)
April 1, 2002... The Court of Appeal has set out guidance on employees' claims of stress-induced psychiatric illness. It emphasises that the onus is on employees to alert management if stress-related problems occur, otherwise employers can generally assume they...

Earning curve water. (Brain Food).(comparing salaries)(Brief Article)
April 1, 2002... Kelly Slater, surfer, prize money/sponsorship [pounds sterling]1m John Roberts, CEO, United Utilities, p.a. [pounds sterling]500,000 Elliot Morley, flood defence minister, p.a. [pounds sterling]76,000 (*) Plumber, per hour [pounds...

How to manage your boss: Route to the top. (Brain Food).(Brief Article)
April 1, 2002... Meet regularly and bring your own agenda. You will probably end up deciding what is discussed, which puts you on the front foot. Tell your boss what he/she does that helps you. This will encourage them to repeat their constructive behaviour...

Keith Egerton: If I had to start again. (Brain Food).(retired chief executive of Taylor Woodrow)(Brief Article)
April 1, 2002... As a teenager, my ambitions ranged between being a farmer, a rugby superstar and a pilot. Lack of capital, lack of talent and sub-standard polished shoes respectively ruled these out, It took a few years to land the job I aspired to. My first...

Are you suffering from: Chronic disorganisation. (Brain Food).(Brief Article)
April 1, 2002... This is a genuine disorder where sufferers create more chaos and clutter in a day than a three-year-old. Scientists have examined the brain and discovered that certain people -- once written off as slobs -- are unable to make order out of...

Words-worth: Viral marketing. (Brain Food).(Brief Article)
April 1, 2002... Suffering an irritation that just won't go away? It's probably a nasty case of 'viral marketing', a technique that's as easy as catching a cold -- or spreading one. A company creates something so cool that its customers want to tell all their...

Room service: Where Pierre-Yves Gerbeau stays. (Brain Food).(London hotels)(Brief Article)
April 1, 2002... For business I travelled the world playing ice hockey for the French Olympic team, spending my life in hotels, and I started disliking all of them. But the Four Seasons chain provides a quality service. The one in Canary Wharf, London is not my...

Speaking out. (Brain Food).(Anita Roddick addresses the London School of Economics Business Society)(Brief Article)
April 1, 2002... Anita Roddick: Founder, the body shop. Anita Roddick has many claims to fame. The one she seems most proud of is being the only international CEO to be tear-gassed and rubber-bulleted during the antiglobalisation protests. Her audience at the...

The human factor.(leadership)(Brief Article)
April 1, 2002... The phrase 'business leaders' is a favourite of the media. Business leaders are busy chaps, meeting ministers, taking a stance on the euro, complaining about red tape or enjoying large increases in their remuneration. But the phrase is usually...

State of the union.(humorous reflections on business startups)(Brief Article)(Column)
April 1, 2002... My first job over here was with a company of 120%-ers. It said so on the web site, without further explanation, as if it were selfevident that employees of a successful startup would work more than humanly possible. 'Are you a 120%-er?' I...

Inside out.(executive compensation)(Brief Article)
April 1, 2002... Larry Summers, then US treasury secretary, looked sheepish. It was a couple of years ago and I'd asked him whether it was a problem for a centre-Left politician such as him that the remarkable growth in the US economy appeared to be fuelled by...

Wanting it all.(volunteerism)(Brief Article)
April 1, 2002... Bringing up babies is fulfilling and frustrating in equal measure. Since stopping work 18 months ago, I've spent far more time playing in the park and wiping noses, cuddling, reading stories and picking up the tops of felt-tip pens than I could...

Things to come...biological nancomputers. (Techknow).(Brief Article)
April 1, 2002... Speed, power and size are the holy trinity of computer development, and makers look for ways to cram more of the first two into less of the third. The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, takes a novel approach. Instead of...

Pushing the envelope: Airliners. (Techknow).(Brief Article)
April 1, 2002... Since 11 September. the global airline business has been in flux, with wobbly passenger confidence and over-capacity on long-haul routes as no-frills outfits like Easyjet and Ryanair clip the wings of the big national carriers. The planes will...

Smart tools: Bose quiet comfort. (Techknow).(Brief Article)
April 1, 2002... What are they? Noise-reducing headphones What do they do? Like earmuffs, they make loud environments quieter, but they do it electronically and are a lot more effective. Applying technology developed for use by commercial and...

Tech talk.(jargon)(Brief Article)
April 1, 2002... (n): An irritating Java program needed to view some graphics-heavy web sites; when downloaded, it crashes your internet browser. (adj): Rich enough never to have to work again; most techies now realise how pre-economic they are.

Heeding the Old Masters: Can we really find management gurus in the Bible or ancient Babylon? The real insights in this book come from more modern exponents. (Books).("How Did They Manage?")
April 1, 2002... How Did They Manage? By Daniel Diehl & Mark Donnelly Spiro Press [pounds sterling]10.99 The discipline of leadership is back in vogue. After the effete 1980s, when presidents and executives reached out to feel the public's pain,...

On the bedside table of. (Books).
April 1, 2002... 'I'm reading six books, including Seymour Hersh's volume on the Kennedys, The Dark Side of Camelot, as well as Fayed by Tom Bower, which is absolutely fascinating, and Breaking Up Without Cracking Up by Christopher Compton -- genuinely saving...

10 Top Business Books. (Books).(Brief Article)
April 1, 2002... 1 No Logo: Taking Aim at the Brand Bullies Naomi Klein Flamingo [pounds sterling]8.99 2 Captive State: The Corporate Takeover of Britain George Monbiot Pan [pounds sterling]7.99 3 Seven Habits of Highly Effective...

Food for Corporate Beasts: This study of the way business is going may be cobbled together, but Richard Reeves enjoys a Cook's tour of topical company issues. (Books).("Living in the Corporate Zoo")
April 1, 2002... Living in the Corporate Zoo By Richard Scase Capstone [pounds sterling]16.99 Richard Scase is a sought-after business speaker, with such a breadth of knowledge that he can act as understudy at almost any conference (tagline: 'Fill...

The book that shook. (Books).("The Lord of the Rings")(Brief Article)
April 1, 2002... 'Having studied science at university, I tried to broaden my reading and was influenced by writers such as Somerset Maugham, James Baldwin, John Steinbeck, Albert Camus and many others, but no special book stands out. Perhaps because of the...

New Team Tactics: Footie can teach execs about the 'talent war'. Jonathan Michie cheers on a book with balls. (Books).(The 90-Minute Manager)
April 1, 2002... Jonathan Michie cheers on a book with balls. (Books) The 90-Minute Manager By David Bolchover and Chris Brady Prentice Hall Business [pounds sterling]12.99 Can corporate managers learn about management from football? Or is...

Three of a kind... how to become an ace reporter.(Brief Article)
April 1, 2002... 30 Minutes to Write a Report Patrick Forsyth Kogan Page [pounds sterling]3.00 A short and easily digested guide to report writing. It makes some helpful points on shape and structure, and offers basic advice on writing style. You may...

Laura Tyson. (The Andrew Davison Interview).
April 1, 2002... THE ANDREW DAVIDSON INTERVIEW. The first American dean at London Business School heads an institution short on both women and generous alumni. Fresh from Berkeley and ex-adviser to Clinton, she moves easily between dons and power-brokers....

The interview rights and wrongs: Either too formal or too gimmicky; ruined by macho managers or garrulous, ill-prepared candidates -- job interviews can be a shambles on both sides of the desk. We can do much better.(Brief Article)
April 1, 2002... The job interview remains one of the more bizarrely formal and old-fashioned rituals in an increasingly open-necked, forward-looking business world. Detractors claim that the traditional interview is a poor way of establishing a candidate's...

Fresh blood.
April 1, 2002... Die-hard patriots claim that shipping in a foreign boss is an act of desperation. Untrue. To recruit the best is good for any business, and there's no shortage of high-grade talent queuing up to come and work in the UK. It's a strange...

Putting sex appeal into the long Johns business. (A Section for Entrepreneurs).
April 1, 2002... How do you change your product from a dull but worthy leg-warming staple into a must-have fashion item? Rebecca Hoar visits clothing manufacturer John Smedley to find out. Florence Nightingale and Madonna aren't obvious sisters in fashion....

Market snitch. (Net Result).(Brief Article)
April 1, 2002... When perfume warehouse employee Richard Jowle was looking for a business idea, he found inspiration under his nose. He and his wife Katie set up Fragrance Direct in 1993, using her marketing know-how. It offers designer fragrances direct from...

Morale boosters. (Stressbuster).(Brief Article)
April 1, 2002... Tight financial belts have squeezed out most traditional motivational carrots. Try these alternatives for keeping staff motivated. GIVE UP GUESSING - ask staff what lights their fire, and observe for yourself their highs and lows. GO...

Amanda Staveley. (Young Meteors).(Brief Article)
April 1, 2002... Restaurateur, financier, business angel - the list keeps growing. Perhaps millionaire workaholic is a more accurate title for Amanda Staveley, 28, Cambridge Businesswoman of the Year and rumoured girlfriend of Prince Andrew. Staveley...

Romy Fraser Neal's yard remedies. (A Section for Entrepreneurs).(Brief Article)
April 1, 2002... DECISIONS MY BEST... In retrospect, my best decision has been to keep Neal's Yard Remedies independent. We have never taken any outside investment and that has enabled us to develop our range and our philosophy in a natural way. We were...

It's a tall order. (Building to Last).(Brief Article)
April 1, 2002... DILEMMA: This could be it, the big breakthrough we've been waiting for -- the biggest and most prestigious order we've ever had. The team is so excited. It's great. Well, it would be if I wasn't so terrified that we won't be able to handle it....

Crash course: Franchising your business. (A Section for Entrepreneurs).(Brief Article)
April 1, 2002... Your business is a great idea, but it could be much bigger. Trouble is, you haven't got the resources to expand in the way you'd like. So why not franchise it, and watch the cash roll in as others pay you for the privilege of promoting your...

White-coated takeover. (Motor Month).(Brief Article)
April 1, 2002... If you told me this was a Vauxhall... my wife said with a wrinkle of distaste in her voice. At the time she was rubbing the part of the SAAB 9/5 that, in the days when tuners were called wirelesses, was a dashboard. She was not much impressed....

Lost leaders. (Vital Signs).(Brief Article)
April 1, 2002... I don't think I've ever seen such a glut of management and leadership books on the market as there are at the moment. Whatever management malaise ails you, there's almost certainly a solution - probably written by an American guru and with a...

What's your problem?(Brief Article)
April 1, 2002... I'VE LOST MY TOUCH SINCE I CAME BACK I have just returned to my old managerial job after a year's foreign posting. The internal power structures have shifted since I went away and I'm finding it hard to fit back in. My former team grew...

First class coach.(Brief Article)
April 1, 2002... I'm a yes man. In meetings, I always agree with my boss, never suggesting anything different or controversial. I'm terrified of confrontation. In a recent appraisal I was told that others see me as weak and ineffectual because of this, and it's...

Weak at the top.(Brief Article)
April 1, 2002... MONDAY Disaster. Sir Marcus told the board that he wants to do cross-functional team-building to break down silo mentality. He then introduced some gnarly ex-para who was going to lead it. I asked Sir Marcus what the difference was between...

EDITORIAL: Foreign bosses pay Britain a compliment.
April 22, 2002... Immigration has a very bad name in this country. As a nation, we do not reveal our attractive side when dealing with those people who would come here to live and work. The debate about immigration into Britain usually degenerates into protest...

Contributors.
April 22, 2002... BEVERLY MALONE Supernurse Beverly Malone talks to MT this month about being an American fish in a British pond. Born in Kentucky, she became president of the American Nurses Association in 1996. Having assisted Bill Clinton in developing...

IN MY OPINION: Chartered Management Institute companion Robin Gourlay, chairman of AWG, urges firms to stress the cash benefits of sustainable development.
April 22, 2002... The world seems full of sceptical observers expressing doubts about the commitment of the corporate world to sustainable development. I find this odd when, for very good reasons, every large company proclaims its concern for the environment,...

CUTTING ROOM: Rags and riches in celeb-watching; storm in a washing machine; why a larger EU is good for Britain; can economists shake off the dismal tag? Evan Davis at large.
April 22, 2002... If you happen to be browsing through this copy of MT in a newsagent (and why haven't you bought it?), try this. Take a look at Heat, which is probably the biggest business success story you'll find amid the conspicuously thinning rags on the...

BRAIN FOOD: Ten ways to ... Run a successful event.
April 22, 2002... 1. Have a clear objective 2. Plan well ahead 3. Appoint one senior project manager 4. Don't attempt too much 5. Agree business content first 6. Plan the fun side carefully 7. Make the event as interactive as possible 8. Cut out the...

BRAIN FOOD: It just might work - Give your ideas an audition.
April 22, 2002... Do you want (and who doesn't?) to make meetings work faster, better or at all? Then go to the OPERA. This is the acronym that Kari Helin of the Finnish consultancy Innotiimi applies. Start with 'Own suggestions': everybody gets five minutes to...

BRAIN FOOD: Unlikely managers - Rock band manager and agent.
April 22, 2002... Name: Carl Leighton-Pope When did you become a manager? In 1972, I managed a college band called Sassafras. When they split up, I became an agent for Dire Straits, Simple Minds and Pattie Smith. As a manager, UFO was my first big act....

BRAIN FOOD: Quotation.
April 22, 2002... 'Success is a lousy teacher. It seduces smart people into thinking they can't lose.' Bill Gates said it.

BRAIN FOOD: Workplace rights - Alternative claims for stress.
April 22, 2002... The Court of Appeal has set out guidance on employees' claims of stress-induced psychiatric illness. It emphasises that the onus is on employees to alert management if stress-related problems occur, otherwise employers can generally assume they...

BRAIN FOOD: Earning curve - Water.
April 22, 2002... Kelly Slater, surfer, prize money/sponsorship pounds 1m John Roberts, CEO, United Utilities, p.a. pounds 500,000 Elliot Morley, flood defence minister, p.a. pounds 76,000* Plumber, per hour pounds 45 Marine scientist, Antarctic Survey,...

BRAIN FOOD: Route to the top - How to manage your boss.
April 22, 2002... Meet regularly and bring your own agenda. You will probably end up deciding what is discussed, which puts you on the front foot. Tell your boss what he/she does that helps you. This will encourage them to repeat their constructive behaviour...

BRAIN FOOD: Keith Egerton - If I had to start again.
April 22, 2002... As a teenager, my ambitions ranged between being a farmer, a rugby superstar and a pilot. Lack of capital, lack of talent and sub-standard polished shoes respectively ruled these out. It took a few years to land the job I aspired to. My first...

BRAIN FOOD: Are you suffering from ... Chronic disorganisation.
April 22, 2002... This is a genuine disorder where sufferers create more chaos and clutter in a day than a three-year-old. Scientists have examined the brain and discovered that certain people - once written off as slobs - are unable to make order out of...

BRAIN FOOD: Words-worth - Viral marketing.
April 22, 2002... Suffering an irritation that just won't go away? It's probably a nasty case of 'viral marketing', a technique that's as easy as catching a cold - or spreading one. A company creates something so cool that its customers want to tell all their...

BRAIN FOOD: Room service - Where Pierre-Yves Gerbeau stays.
April 22, 2002... For business I travelled the world playing ice hockey for the French Olympic team, spending my life in hotels, and I started disliking all of them. But the Four Seasons chain provides a quality service. The one in Canary Wharf, London is not my...

BRAIN FOOD: Speaking out - Anita Roddick, Founder, The Body Shop.
April 22, 2002... Anita Roddick has many claims to fame. The one she seems most proud of is being the only international CEO to be tear-gassed and rubber-bulleted during the anti-globalisation protests. Her audience at the London School of Economics Business...

THE HUMAN FACTOR: British business has bred a generation of managers rather than leaders. They focus on the figures rather than the visionary side.
April 22, 2002... The phrase 'business leaders' is a favourite of the media. Business leaders are busy chaps, meeting ministers, taking a stance on the euro, complaining about red tape or enjoying large increases in their remuneration. But the phrase is usually...

STATE OF THE UNION: My next company will be different. No more late nights. No more monomaniac workaholics. Less heat, more light. Call it the 80% company.
April 22, 2002... My first job over here was with a company of 120%-ers. It said so on the web site, without further explanation, as if it were self-evident that employees of a successful startup would work more than humanly possible. 'Are you a 120%-er?' I...

INSIDE OUT: Even if some of what the fallen Enron did turns out to be illegal, much of what other companies did to inflate earnings was legal.
April 22, 2002... Larry Summers, then US treasury secretary, looked sheepish. It was a couple of years ago and I'd asked him whether it was a problem for a centre-left politician such as him that the remarkable growth in the US economy appeared to be fuelled by...

WANTING IT ALL: So don't believe what you read in the business press: toddlers really do have shorter attention spans than CEOs.
April 22, 2002... Bringing up babies is fulfilling and frustrating in equal measure. Since stopping work 18 months ago, I've spent far more time playing in the park and wiping noses, cuddling, reading stories and picking up the tops of felt-tip pens than I could...

TECHKNOW: Things to come ... Biological nanocomputers.
April 22, 2002... Speed, power and size are the holy trinity of computer development, and makers look for ways to cram more of the first two into less of the third. The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, takes a novel approach. Instead of...

TECHKNOW: Tech talk.
April 22, 2002... Crapplet (n): An irritating Java program needed to view some graphics-heavy web sites; when downloaded, it crashes your internet browser. Post-economic (adj): Rich enough never to have to work again; most techies now realise how...

TECHKNOW: Pushing the envelope - Airliners.
April 22, 2002... Since 11 September, the global airline business has been in flux, with wobbly passenger confidence and over-capacity on long-haul routes as no-frills outfits like Easyjet and Ryanair clip the wings of the big national carriers. The planes will...

TECHKNOW: Smart tools - Bose quiet comfort.
April 22, 2002... What are they? Noise-reducing headphones What do they do? Like earmuffs, they make loud environments quieter, but they do it electronically and are a lot more effective. Applying technology developed for use by commercial and military...

BOOKS: Heeding the old masters - Can we really find management gurus in the Bible or ancient Babylon? The real insights in this book come from more modern exponents, says Tristram Hunt.
April 22, 2002... How Did They Manage? By Daniel Diehl & Mark Donnelly; Spiro Press; pounds 10.99 The discipline of leadership is back in vogue. After the effete 1990s, when presidents and executives reached out to feel the public's pain, the clamour is now...

BOOKS: On the bedside table of ... Robert Kilgour.
April 22, 2002... 'I'm reading six books, including Seymour Hersh's volume on the Kennedys, The Dark Side of Camelot, as well as Fayed by Tom Bower, which is absolutely fascinating, and Breaking Up Without Cracking Up by Christopher Compton - genuinely saving my...

BOOKS: 10 Top business books.
April 22, 2002... 1. No Logo: Taking Aim at the Brand Bullies; Naomi Klein; Flamingo; pounds 8.99 2. Captive State: The Corporate Takeover of Britain; George Monbiot; Pan pounds 7.99 3. Seven Habits of Highly Effective People; Stephen R Covey; Simon &...

BOOKS: Food for corporate beasts - This study of the way business is going may be cobbled together, but Richard Reeves enjoys a Cook's tour of topical company issues.
April 22, 2002... Living in the Corporate Zoo; By Richard Scase; Capstone; pounds 16.99 Richard Scase is a sought-after business speaker, with such a breadth of knowledge that he can act as understudy at almost any conference (tagline: 'Fill your space with...

BOOKS: New team tactics - Footie can teach execs about the 'talent war'. Jonathan Michie cheers on a book with balls.
April 22, 2002... The 90-Minute Manager; By David Bolchover and Chris Brady; Prentice Hall Business; pounds 12.99 Can corporate managers learn about management from football? Or is that just an excuse for going to matches? This book makes a convincing case...

BOOKS: The book that shook.
April 22, 2002... 'Having studied science at university, I tried to broaden my reading and was influenced by writers such as Somerset Maugham, James Baldwin, John Steinbeck, Albert Camus and many others, but no special book stands out. Perhaps because of the...

BOOKS: Three of a kind ... How to become an ace reporter.
April 22, 2002... 30 MINUTES TO WRITE A REPORT; Patrick Forsyth; Kogan Page; pounds 3.00 A short and easily digested guide to report writing. It makes some helpful points on shape and structure, and offers basic advice on writing style. You may not produce...

THE ANDREW DAVIDSON INTERVIEW: Laura Tyson.
April 22, 2002... The first American dean at London Business School heads an institution short on both women and generous alumni. Fresh from Berkeley and ex-adviser to Clinton, she moves easily between dons and power-brokers. But can she put LBS on a par with...

THE INTERVIEW: Rights and wrongs.
April 22, 2002... Either too formal or too gimmicky; ruined by macho managers or garrulous, ill-prepared candidates - job interviews can be a shambles on both sides of the desk. We can do much better, says David Butcher The job interview remains one of the...

FRESH BLOOD.
April 22, 2002... Die-hard patriots claim that shipping in a foreign boss is an act of desperation. Untrue. To recruit the best is good for any business, and there's no shortage of high-grade talent queuing up to come and work in the UK. Andrew Saunders and...

COMING UP FAST: Putting sex appeal into the Long Johns business.
April 22, 2002... How do you change your product from a dull but worthy leg-warming staple into a must-have fashion item? Rebecca Hoar visits clothing manufacturer John Smedley to find out Florence Nightingale and Madonna aren't obvious sisters in fashion....

COMING UP FAST: Young Meteors - Amanda Staveley, Q.Ton Group.
April 22, 2002... Restaurateur, financier, business angel - the list keeps growing. Perhaps millionaire workaholic is a more accurate title for Amanda Staveley, 28, Cambridge Businesswoman of the Year and rumoured girlfriend of Prince Andrew. Staveley...

COMING UP FAST: Net result - Market snitch.
April 22, 2002... When perfume warehouse employee Richard Jowle was looking for a business idea, he found inspiration under his nose. He and his wife Katie set up Fragrance Direct in 1993, using her marketing know-how. It offers designer fragrances direct from...

COMING UP FAST: Stressbuster - Morale boosters.
April 22, 2002... Tight financial belts have squeezed out most traditional motivational carrots. Try these alternatives for keeping staff motivated. GIVE UP GUESSING - ask staff what lights their fire, and observe for yourself their highs and lows. GO...

A SECTION FOR ENTREPRENEURS: Romy Fraser - Neal's Yard Remedies.
April 22, 2002... DECISIONS MY BEST... In retrospect, my best decision has been to keep Neal's Yard Remedies independent. We have never taken any outside investment and that has enabled us to develop our range and our philosophy in a natural way. We were...