Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health articles from November 2003

Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health archives from November 2003

Rethinking the terms non-communicable disease and chronic disease.(Speaker's Corner)
November 1, 2003... Diseases are frequently referred to as communicable or non-communicable. Communicable diseases comprise infectious diseases such as tuberculosis and measles, while non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are mostly chronic diseases such as...

100 years of Poverty.(The JECH Gallery)
November 1, 2003... On April the 28th 2003 Poverty made headline news in the UK, but this "Poverty" was a minor Picasso painting made newsworthy by its theft from a Manchester gallery. The picture is one of a small series painted in 1903 in Barcelona. At the time...

SARS: will the severe acute respiratory syndrome epidemic recur?(Commentary)
November 1, 2003... The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), which appeared in China in November 2002 and disseminated rapidly to 29 countries, was the first emerging disease and the first pandemic of the current century. (1 2) Since then, a lot of research...

Evidence based health promotion: recollections, reflections, and reconsiderations.(Evidence Based Public Health Policy and Practice)
November 1, 2003... J Epidemiol Community Health 2003;57:841-843 Improving the evidence base of health promotion is high on the agenda of the international health promotion community and it is becoming increasingly apparent that evidence is needed by...

Influential women in occupational health Victoire Cappe--for social justice.(The JECH Gallery)
November 1, 2003... 1886-1927 Country of birth: Belgium Victoire Cappe taught social justice as a leader in the Christian Democratic labour movement. She was one of the founders of the Catholic school for social work. In 1907, Cappe founded the...

Income inequality and health: multilevel analysis of Chilean communities.(Evidence Based Public Health Policy and Practice)
November 1, 2003... J Epidemiol Community Health 2003;57:844-848 Study objective: The evidence supporting the effect of income inequality on health has been largely observed in societies far more egalitarian than the US. This study examines the cross sectional...

Work and health in a contemporary society: demands, control, and insecurity.(Evidence Based Public Health Policy and Practice)
November 1, 2003... J Epidemiol Community Health 2003;57:849-854 Objective: To examine independent associations of job strain (high demands and low control) and job insecurity with mental and physical health outcomes. Design: Cross sectional general...

Behind the mask. journey through an epidemic: some observations of contrasting public health responses to SARS.(Evidence Based Public Health Policy and Practice)
November 1, 2003... J Epidemiol Community Health 2003;57:855-856 SARS has been called the first global epidemic of the 21st century and has been the cause of a massive and varied public health response in many countries of the world. This report describes...

The impact of community psychological responses on outbreak control for severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong.(Evidence Based Public Health Policy and Practice)
November 1, 2003... J Epidemiol Community Health 2003;57:857-863 Objective: To examine the public's knowledge and perception of SARS and the extent to which various precautionary measures have been adopted. Design: Cross sectional survey. Setting:...

Monitoring community responses to the SARS epidemic in Hong Kong: from day 10 to day 62.(Evidence Based Public Health Policy and Practice)
November 1, 2003... J Epidemiol Community Health 2003;57:864-870 Study Objective: To report the evolution in perceptions and behaviours of the general public in response to the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic in Hong Kong. Design: Ten...

Effect of social exclusion on the risk of teenage pregnancy: development of hypotheses using baseline data from a randomised trial of sex education.(Research Report)
November 1, 2003... J Epidemiol Community Health 2003;57:871-876 Study objective: The UK government argues that "social exclusion" increases risk of teenage pregnancy and that educational factors may be dimensions of such exclusion. The evidence cited by the...

Impact of country of birth on hospital admission for women of childbearing age in Sweden: a five year follow up study.(Research Report)
November 1, 2003... J Epidemiol Community Health 2003;57:877-882 Study objective: This study examines whether morbidity, defined as the first psychiatric hospital admission and the first somatic hospital admission, differs among subgroups of foreign born and...

Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and measles vaccine in an English population, 1979-1998.(Research Report)
November 1, 2003... J Epidemiol Community Health 2003;57:883-887 Study objectives: To study the hospitalised incidence of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) from 1979 to 1998; and to determine whether the introduction of the measles vaccination...

William Morris on health.(Aphorism of the Month)
November 1, 2003... "At least I know this, that if a person is overworked in any degree they cannot enjoy the sort of health I am speaking of; nor if they are continually chained to one dull round of mechanical work with no hope at the other end of it; nor if they...

Temperament in young adulthood and later mortality: prospective observational study.(Research Report)
November 1, 2003... J Epidemiol Community Health 2003;57:888-892 Study objective: To determine the association between a clinician assessment of temperament in early adulthood and cause specific mortality. Design: Prospective observational study. ...

A different kind of contextual effect: geographical clustering of cocaine incidence in the USA.(Research Report)
November 1, 2003... J Epidemiol Community Health 2003;57:893-900 Study objective: Outline the use of the pairwise odds ratio (PWOR) to quantify the extent to which a binary outcome clusters geographically. Quantify the extent to which first experience with...

Occupational mobility and risk factors in working men: selection, causality or both? Results from the GAZEL study.(Research Report)
November 1, 2003... J Epidemiol Community Health 2003;57:901-906 Objective: To explore the relation between risk factors (RF) and occupational mobility in working men. Setting: 20 000 volunteers working at the French National Electricity and Gas Company...

Leisure activities and cognitive function in middle age: evidence from the Whitehall II study.(Research Report)
November 1, 2003... J Epidemiol Community Health 2003;57:907-913 Objectives: To test the hypothesis of a positive association, independent of social position, between participation in leisure activities and cognitive function in middle age. The nature of this...

Social epidemiology, intra-neighbourhood correlation, and generalised estimating equations.(Letters)(Letter to the Editor)
November 1, 2003... The recent editorial by Merlo (1) offers an interesting critique of the generalised estimating equations (GEE) analysis of a paper published in the same issue of the journal. In the editorial, the author notes that the paper's GEE analysis...

Author's reply.(Letters)(Letter to the Editor)
November 1, 2003... I have read with great interest the comments made by Petronis and Anthony on my editorial. (1) I have also read their forthcoming article, (2) and I believe they apply an analytical approach that seems to be, in my opinion, a step in the right...

Correction.(Correction Notice)
November 1, 2003... An editorial error occurred in this article by Kuh and colleagues (2003;57:778-83). In figure 1 the top of the figure should read Time [not Time (min)].

Tuberculosis in asylum seekers.(Hygieia)(Brief Article)
November 1, 2003... Asylum seekers entering the United Kingdom through Heathrow Airport have a high prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis and are more likely to contain drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates than the general UK population. The...

Eruption disruption.(Hygieia)(Brief Article)
November 1, 2003... The Soufriere Hills volcano on the Caribbean island of Montserrat has been erupting since 1995 but, despite repeated falls of volcanic ash on the island since then, most of the people who have remained there have not been exposed to...

Massachusetts sets standard.(Hygieia)(Brief Article)
November 1, 2003... Increasing rates of youth tobacco use in Massachusetts were dramatically reversed after the introduction of a comprehensive tobacco control programme aimed specifically at youth smoking prevention. Tobacco Control 2002;11(suppl II):ii14-19)....

Alcohol misuse and pancreatic cancer.(Hygieia)(Brief Article)
November 1, 2003... Adding to a number of studies that have tried to address the relation between alcohol intake and risk of pancreatic cancer, a survey of over 175 000 Swedish alcoholics found only a small excess risk for pancreatic cancer, that could even be...

Risk factors for aneurysmal SAM.(Hygieia)(Brief Article)
November 1, 2003... Smoking cigarettes, drinking coffee and having high blood pressure are significant independent risk factors for aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH). (J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2002;73:185-7) Aneurysmal SAH has a high morbidity and...

Visual acuity in the older British population.(Hygieia)(Brief Article)
November 1, 2003... Visual impairment is common in the older British population and gets worse with advancing age, particularly in women. (Br J Ophthalmol 2002;86:795-800) Although several studies have examined the prevalence of visual impairment and...

Great inequities in statin prescription.(Hygieia)
November 1, 2003... Important inequalities exist in the prescription of statins for people with coronary heart disease. Elderly people, smokers, and those who have angina (but have not had a heart attack) are all less likely to receive the cholesterol lowering...