Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health articles from June 2002

Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health archives from June 2002

Understanding the basic concepts of public health surveillance. (Speaker's Corner).(Brief Article)
June 1, 2002... Public health surveillance has been defined as the ongoing collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to public health practice, closely integrated with timely dissemination of information for intervention. This is...

Heart disease maintains its grip. (Echo).
June 1, 2002... Heart disease remains a threat to British men, according to a study by Lampe et al, based on the data set of the British Regional Heart Study. Deaths from coronary heart disease (CHD) are failing in the developed world because of a drop in new...

Fighting against Chagas' disease in the Guarani communities in Bolivia. (The Jech Gallery).(Brief Article)
June 1, 2002... (A) A Guarani house. The deteriorated Guarani housing conditions can be observed. These houses are built with materials obtained from the region, such as logs, mud, straw, or palm leaves. These materials are an appropriate habitat for...

Is the prevalence of coronary heart disease falling in British men? The prevalence and trends of coronary heart disease in British men are discussed. (Coronary Heart Disease).(Brief Article)
June 1, 2002... In Britain, approximately 150 000 deaths each year are attributed to coronary heart disease (CHD). (1) CHD has been estimated to cost around [pounds sterling]10 billion per annum, much of this through lost earnings. (1) For some time, CHD has...

The consequences of flexible work for health: are we looking at the right place? Association between working conditions and health. (Working Conditions).
June 1, 2002... Working conditions in industrialised countries have changed dramatically over the past two decades. The internationalisation of investment, production and trade, the application of new technologies, and the emergence of new forms of work...

"Walk in to Work Out": a randomised controlled trial of a self help intervention to promote active commuting. (Public Health Policy and Practice).(Statistical Data Included)
June 1, 2002... Study objective: To determine if a self help intervention, delivered via written interactive materials (the "Walk in to Work Out" pack), could increase active commuting behaviour (walking and cycling). Design: Randomised controlled trial....

Bunk versus conventional beds: a comparative assessment of fall injury risk. (Public Health Policy and Practice).(Statistical Data Included)
June 1, 2002... Objective: To depict the magnitude and spectrum of childhood injuries attributable to falls from bunk beds in comparison with conventional beds and to outline sociodemographic risk factors and injury characteristics. Study design:...

Influence of patient gender on admission to intensive care. (Public Health Policy and Practice).(Statistical Data Included)
June 1, 2002... Study objectives: To compare the case mix and outcomes of male and female patients admitted to intensive care units for a wide range of conditions. Design: Cross sectional study of prospectively collected data. Setting: The Intensive...

Lung cancer: district active treatment rates affect survival. (Public Health Policy and Practice).(Statistical Data Included)
June 1, 2002... Study objective: This study investigates variation in management and treatment of lung cancer patients and determines the impact of any variation in treatment on survival. Design: A retrospective study of population based data held by the...

Mortality and morbidity surrounding coronary artery bypass surgery and the public presentation of risk. (Short Report).(Statistical Data Included)
June 1, 2002... Deaths of patients on the waiting list for coronary artery bypass surgery are often presented by the media to the public and politicians as evidence of the remediable failure of health care, (1) The assumption that many lives would be saved by...

Exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields among primary school children in Spain. (Short Report).(Statistical Data Included)
June 1, 2002... Epidemiological studies have found an increased leukaemia risk in children with high residential exposure to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELFEMF). Two recent independent reanalyses of published epidemiological studies (1, 2)...

Health inequalities in Britain: continuing increases up to the end of the 20th century. (Short Report).(Statistical Data Included)
June 1, 2002... BACKGROUND AND METHODS Socioeconomic inequalities in premature mortality in Britain increased over the second half of the 20th century, particularly from the early 1970s onwards. (1) The magnitude of mortality differentials reflects the...

Income inequality and self rated health in Britain. (Research Report).(Statistical Data Included)
June 1, 2002... Study objective: Several studies have reported an association between income inequality and increased mortality, but few have used net income data, controlled for individual income, or evaluated sensitivity to the choice of inequality measure....

Determinants of health inequalities by income from the 1980s to the 1990s in Finland. (Short Report).(Statistical Data Included)
June 1, 2002... Recent studies have reported an inverse relation between income and health. (1 2) However, it is unclear whether this is mainly attributable to poverty and material hardship. The interpretation of this relation is made difficult by lack of...

Changing life expectancy in Romania after the transition. (Research Report).(Statistical Data Included)
June 1, 2002... Background: While Poland, Hungary, and the Czech Republic have seen impressive gains in life expectancy in the 1990s, Romania has not. In contrast with the other countries, there has been very little research on the causes of the pattern of...

Effects of chronic job insecurity and change in job security on self reported health, minor psychiatric morbidity, physiological measures, and health related behaviours in British civil servants: the Whitehall II study. (Research Report).(Statistical Data Included)
June 1, 2002... Study objective: To determine the effect of chronic job insecurity and changes in job security on self reported health, minor psychiatric morbidity, physiological measures, and health related behaviours. Design: Self reported health, minor...

Acculturation status and hypertension among Asian immigrants in Canada. (Short Report).(Statistical Data Included)
June 1, 2002... Some evidence of a protective function of immigrant status against chronic illness is found in the literature. (1) However as immigrants' period of residence and level of acculturation increase, so does the prevalence of chronic conditions. (2...

The size of obesity differences associated with educational level in Spain, 1987 and 1995/97. (Research Report).(Statistical Data Included)
June 1, 2002... Objective: To determine the size of obesity differences associated with educational level in the adult population in Spain. Design: Three cross sectional studies representative of the adult population in Spain were carried out in 1987,...

Hysterectomy and socioeconomic position in Rome, Italy. (Research Report).(Statistical Data Included)
June 1, 2002... Study objective: There exists conflicting evidence regarding the higher risk of hysterectomy among women of a lower educational and economic level. This study aims to assess whether in Italy socioeconomic level is related to hysterectomy...

Fracture rates lower in rural than urban communities: the Geelong Osteoporosis Study. (Research Report).(Statistical Data Included)
June 1, 2002... Background: Urban and rural communities differ in the incidence of several diseases including coronary heart disease and same cancers. Lower hip fracture rates among rural than urban populations have been reported but few studies have compared...

Milk, dairy products, and coronary heart disease. (Short Report).
June 1, 2002... Milk has been considered a risk factor for atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease (CHD) because of its content in cholesterol, saturated fatty acids, and possibly lactose. However, epidemiological data are scanty and inconclusive. A...

Is housework good for health? Levels of physical activity and factors associated with activity in elderly women. Results from the British Women's Heart and Health Study. (Research Report).(Statistical Data Included)
June 1, 2002... Objective: To determine the prevalence of achieving new recommended levels of physical activity, the types of activity involved, and their determinants among elderly British women. Design: National cross sectional survey. Participants:...

Diabetes mellitus, family history, and colorectal cancer. (Letters to the Editor).(Statistical Data Included)
June 1, 2002... A population based, cross sectional study from East Anglia showed a relative risk of colorectal cancer of 2.9 in subjects with history of type II diabetes. The association was similar in men and women, but apparently stronger in subjects with...

Manual of childhood infections, 2nd edn. (Book Review).
June 1, 2002... E G Davies, et al. W B Saunders, 2001. (Pp 514; [pounds sterling]24.95). ISBN 0-720-2626-3. After all the books covering different aspects on childhood infections, it may come as a surprise as to the actual usefulness of this second...