Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health articles from January 2004

Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health archives from January 2004

Air pollution and poverty: does the sword cut both ways? Poor people may be more susceptible, but poverty also fosters increased pollution.(Editorials)
January 1, 2004... This issue of the journal includes three papers that touch on relations among socioeconomic status (SES), health, and air quality. Jerrett et al considered whether SES differentials in Hamilton, Ontario, modify the temporal relations between...

Urban air pollution, health, and equity: air pollution and equity.(Editorials)
January 1, 2004... Over the past decade, an ever increasing number of epidemiological studies have linked urban air pollution, particularly particulate matter, to increased risk for morbidity and mortality. (1 2) These new findings have led to revised air...

On the Times, Edwin Chadwick, and the nanny state (I paraphrase).(Aphorism of the Month)
January 1, 2004... The London Times is said to have claimed that they would prefer to take their chance with the cholera than be bullied into health by Mr Chadwick. The notion of the "nanny state" clearly has a long pedigree. The argument rumbled on in Europe...

Places and health: this glossary aims to provide readers with some key conceptual tools with which to address the issue of place and health; It is hoped that it will provoke thought and debate on the range of ways that places are connected to health.(Glossary)(Glossary)
January 1, 2004... J Epidemiol Community Health 2004;58:6-10 The purpose of this glossary is to discuss some of the ways in which place is related to health and how the concept of place has come to be defined and used in the study of health. We also consider...

Association between ambient air pollution and birth weight in Sao Paulo, Brazil.(Research Report)
January 1, 2004... J Epidemiol Community Health 2004;58:11-17 Objectives: Previous studies have implicated air pollution in increased mortality and morbidity, especially in the elderly population and children. More recently, associations with mortality in...

Influential women in occupational health Muriel (Molly) Lina Newhouse, MD: British doyenne of occupational medicine.(The JECH Gallery)(Brief Article)
January 1, 2004... 2 September 1912-15 February 2000 Country of birth: South Africa Besides nearly 30 years of research on asbestos, Molly Newhouse was an expert on occupational dermatitis, including Dogger Bank Itch, asthma associated with proteolytic...

Traffic related air pollution and incidence of childhood asthma: results of the Vesta case-control study.(Research Report)
January 1, 2004... J Epidemiol Community Health 2004;58:18-23 Study objective: The Vesta project aims to assess the role of traffic related air pollution in the occurrence of childhood asthma. Design and setting: Case-control study conducted in five...

Environmental justice: frequency and severity of US chemical industry accidents and the socioeconomic status of surrounding communities.(Research Report)
January 1, 2004... J Epidemiol Community Health 2004;58:24-30 Study objectives: The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 requires that chemical facilities in the US with specified quantities of certain toxic or flammable chemicals file a five year history of...

Do socioeconomic characteristics modify the short term association between air pollution and mortality? Evidence from a zonal time series in Hamilton, Canada.(Research Report)
January 1, 2004... J Epidemiol Community Health 2004;58:31-40 Study objective: To assess the short term association between air pollution and mortality in different zones of an industrial city. An intra-urban study design is used to test the hypothesis that...

Influence of socioeconomic conditions on air pollution adverse health effects in elderly people: an analysis of six regions in Sao Paulo, Brazil.(Research Report)
January 1, 2004... J Epidemiol Community Health 2004;58:41-46 Study objective: To evaluate if the effects of particulate matter (P[M.sub.10]) on respiratory mortality of elderly people are affected by socioeconomic status. Design: Time series studies....

Educational level and risk profile of cardiac patients in the EUROASPIRE II substudy.(Research Report)
January 1, 2004... J Epidemiol Community Health 2004;58:47-52 Study objective: To ascertain, whether, conventional risk factors and readiness of coronary patients to modify their behaviour and to comply with recommended medication were associated with...

Partnership history and mental health over time.(Research Report)
January 1, 2004... J Epidemiol Community Health 2004;58:53-58 Study objective: To describe the mental health of men and women with differing histories of partnership transitions. Design: Data from nine waves of the British Household Panel Survey, a...

Neighbourhood social participation and women's use of anxiolytic-hypnotic drugs: a multilevel analysis.(Research Report)
January 1, 2004... J Epidemiol Community Health 2004;58:59-64 Study objectives: To identify and quantify a hypothesised collective effect of the neighbourhood on individual use of anxiolytic-hypnotic drugs (AHD). To analyse the general impact of...

Physical violence, self rated health, and morbidity: is gender significant for victimisation?(Research Report)
January 1, 2004... J Epidemiol Community Health 2004;58:65-70 Study objective: To analyse gender differences in associations between physical violence and self rated health and self reported morbidity among a random sample of adults in Denmark. Design...

Neighbourhood deprivation and incidence of coronary heart disease: a multilevel study of 2.6 million women and men in Sweden.(Theory and Methods)
January 1, 2004... J Epidemiol Community Health 2004;58:71-77 Study objective: To examine whether neighbourhood deprivation predicts incidence rates of coronary heart disease, beyond age and individual income. Design: Follow up study from 31 December...

Adverse pregnancy outcomes around incinerators and crematoriums.(Letters)(Letter to the Editor)
January 1, 2004... If you have a burning desire to respond to a paper published in JECH, why not make use of our "rapid response" option? Log on to our web site (www.jech.com), find the paper that interests you, and send your response via email by clicking on...

Authors' reply.(Letters)(Letter to the Editor)
January 1, 2004... Duffell et al have challenged the design and interpretation of the findings of our study of stillbirths and lethal congenital anomalies in the vicinity of crematoriums and incinerators in Cumbria. While we share some of their concerns about...

Community health advocacy.(Book Review)(Book Review)
January 1, 2004... Community health advocacy S Loue, L S Lloyd, D O'Shea. (Pp 171; price not stated). Kluwer Academic/Plenum, 2003. ISBN 0-306-47390-9. The concept of health advocacy is nowadays considered one of the main tasks of public health. Health...

Not seeing is believing.(Hygieia)(Brief Article)
January 1, 2004... Doctors and the public considerably underestimate the negative impact of age related macular degeneration (ARMD) on health related quality of life. (Br J Ophthalmol 2003;87:8-12) The progressive nature of ARMD prevents participation in many...

Peptic ulcer disease in Denmark.(Hygieia)(Brief Article)
January 1, 2004... Tobacco smoking, Helicobacter pylori infection, and minor use of tranquillisers are the main risk factors for peptic ulcer disease (PUD) in Danish adults. (Gut 2003;52:186-93) The aetiology of PUD is known to be multifactorial, but...

Geography dominates Finnish MS trends.(Hygieia)(Brief Article)
January 1, 2004... Secular trends for multiple sclerosis in Finland differ significantly by geographical area but are similar for both clinical presentations of the disease. (J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2003;74:25-8). Finland has been shown previously to...

Smokers feel more pain.(Hygieia)(Brief Article)
January 1, 2004... Current and ex-smokers have a higher risk than non-smokers of experiencing pain around the body, particularly that which prevents participation in everyday activities. (Ann Rheum Dis 2003;62:33-6) Questionnaires asking about pain in the...