Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health articles from April 2002

Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health archives from April 2002

Violence against women: A global public health issue! Violence against women has an effect on public health. (Editorial).
April 1, 2002... Violence against women is a significant health and social problem affecting virtually all societies, but often it goes unrecognised and unreported and in many countries it is still accepted as part of normal behaviour. (1) The manifestations...

Psychosocial risk factors at the workplace: Is there enough evidence to establish reference values? Job control and its effect on public health. (Editorial).
April 1, 2002... In the past two decades, research on workplace psychosocial risk factors has produced a large body of theoretical and empirical research. (1) An extensive range of health end points, especially cardiovascular diseases, (2) have been associated...

Can lay-led walking programmes increase physical activity in middle aged adults? A randomised controlled trial. (Public Health Policy and Practice).(Statistical Data Included)
April 1, 2002... Study objective: To compare health walks, a community based lay-led walking scheme versus advice only on physical activity and cardiovascular health status in middle aged adults. Design: Randomised controlled trial with one year follow up....

Hospital beds. (Aphorism of the Month).(population aging and hospital bed supply)(Brief Article)
April 1, 2002... Professor Bob Logan, when he was Professor of Medical Care at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, used to say that: "You can't grow potatoes in an empty bed." closely linked with another Logan Law, that: "The number...

Health inequalities by education and age in four Nordic countries, 1986 and 1994. (Research Report).(Statistical Data Included)
April 1, 2002... Study objective: To compare the age pattern of educational health inequalities in four Nordic countries in the mid-i 980s and the mid-1990s. Design: Cross sectional interview surveys at two points of time. Setting: Data on self...

Liberal fortification of foods: The risks. A study relating to Finland. (Research Report).(Statistical Data Included)
April 1, 2002... Study objective: The free circulation of goods in the European Union (EU) has increased the number of fortified foods available to consumers in Finland. Fortification of foodstuffs with calcium is currently widespread. To assist decision making...

Sexual assault among North Carolina women: Prevalence and health risk factors. (Research Report).(Statistical Data Included)
April 1, 2002... Study objective: Sexual assault is traumatic at the time it occurs, but it also may have longlasting negative effects on physical health. Much of the research linking specific health problems to sexual assault victimisation has used samples...

Employee control over working times: Associations with subjective health and sickness absences. (Research Report).(Statistical Data Included)
April 1, 2002... Study objective: To investigate the impact of employees' work time control on health, taking into account other aspects of job control. Design: Analysis of questionnaire data in 1 997 and register data on sickness absence during 1996-1998....

Higher blood pressure among Inuit migrants in Denmark than among the Inuit in Greenland. (Research Report).(Statistical Data Included)
April 1, 2002... Study objective: Previous studies of blood pressure among the Inuit have given inconsistent results and studies comparing Inuit migrants with those living in traditional Inuit areas are absent. The purpose of the study was to compare the blood...

Trends in head injury mortality among 0-14 year olds in Scotland (1986-95). (Research Report).(Statistical Data Included)
April 1, 2002... Study objective: To examine the trends in childhood head injury mortality in Scotland between 1986 and 1995. Design: Analysis of routine mortality data from the registrar general for Scotland. Setting: Scotland, UK. Subjects:...

Use of acute hospital beds does not increase as the population ages: Results from a seven year cohort study in Germany. (Research Report).(Statistical Data Included)
April 1, 2002... Objectives: (1) To compare the number of hospital days used by survivors with those by persons in their last, second last, and third last year of life in relation to age; (2) to analyse lifelong hospital utilisation in relation to life...

Psychosocial work environment and myocardial infarction: Improving risk estimation by combining two complementary job stress models in the SHEEP study. (Theory and Methods).(Statistical Data Included)
April 1, 2002... Objectives: Associations between two alternative formulations of job stress derived from the effort-reward imbalance and the job strain model and first non-fatal acute myocardial infarction were studied. Whereas the job strain model...

Comparing hospital discharge records with death certificates: Can the differences be explained? (Theory and Methods).(Statistical Data Included)
April 1, 2002... Study objective: The quality of mortality statistics is important For epidemiological research. Considerable discrepancies have been reported between death certificates and corresponding hospital discharge records. This study examines whether...

A cancer survival model that takes sociodemographic variations in "normal" mortality into account: Comparison with other models. (Theory and Methods).(Statistical Data Included)
April 1, 2002... Study objectives: Sociodemographic differentials in cancer survival have occasionally been studied by using a relative survival approach, where all cause mortality among persons with a cancer diagnosis is compared with that among similar...

Milk and coronary heart disease mortality. (Letters to the Editor).
April 1, 2002... The self completed questionnaire study by Ness et at found that men who reported drinking more than a third of a pint of milk each day were not at increased risk of death from coronary heart disease (CHD) in comparison with those drinking less...

Authors' reply. (Letters to the Editor).
April 1, 2002... We accept, as we discussed in our paper, that our assessment of milk consumption was crude and may have affected our ability to detect associations. (1) Even so, the available epidemiological evidence, in our opinion, does not lend support to...