Building Design articles from October 2004

Building Design archives from October 2004

RIBA battles for power: architecture's ruling bodies set to clash as RIBA report calls for restrictions to Arb's remit.(Royal Institute of British Architects)
October 1, 2004... The RIBA this week put itself on a collision course with the Arb after the institute called for the regulator to completely withdraw from its involvement in education and continuing professional development. In the boldest move so far by...

On the waterfront.(Edinburgh Waterfront)(Brief Article)
October 1, 2004... Make has unveiled its vision for the Edinburgh waterfront which includes a teardrop-shaped man-made island. Under the masterplan by Ken Shuttleworth's fast growing practice, the central waterfront area would he connected to an island by a...

Uproar as Cambridge cuts research courses.(Cambridge School of Architecture)
October 1, 2004... Students at the prestigious Cambridge School of Architecture were in uproar this week after the school suspended two of its three MPhil research courses and scrapped an acclaimed undergraduate teaching system. In July last year, BD...

King's Cross masterplan 'too dense'.(Brief Article)
October 1, 2004... The huge King's Cross regeneration project, masterplanned by Allies & Morrison and Porphyrios Associates, is far too dense and hugely lacking in public open space, according to a local action group. The King's Cross Railway Lands Group...

Glasgow's gherkin.(residential towers-design)(Brief Article)
October 1, 2004... A dramatic new residential tower in Glasgow has been submitted for planning permission by Page & Park Architects. The 15-storey tower, which includes 43 flats, is designed to make a striking addition to the Glasgow skyline and create a view...

A shortlist including Caruso St John, Cottrell & Vermeulen, Jamie Fobert Architects, Tony Fretton Architects and Marks Barfield Architects has been drawn up for a competition to design the second phase of Tate St Ives development.(architectural services)(Brief Article)
October 1, 2004... A shortlist including Caruso St John, Cottrell & Vermeulen, Jamie Fobert Architects, Tony Fretton Architects and Marks Barfield Architects has been drawn up for a competition to design the second phase of Tate St Ives development. A winner will...

Zaha Hadid has lost out on the chance to design a science centre in Connecticut.(Brief Article)
October 1, 2004... Zaha Hadid has lost out on the chance to design a science centre in Connecticut. Hadid was shortlisted along with Behnisch Behnisch and Moshe Safdie, but lost out to Cesar Pelli. The Connecticut Centre for Science & Exploration is part of a $1...

Gordon Murray and Alan Dunlop Architects' new residential tower in Glasgow has been submitted for planning permission.(Brief Article)
October 1, 2004... Gordon Murray and Alan Dunlop Architects' new residential tower (pictured above)in Glasgow has been submitted for planning permission. The building, Unicorn Tower, faces the river Clyde and is in a conservation area.

Future Systems, Grimshaw, Spence Associates, Thomas Heatherwick Studio and Birds Portchmouth Russum have been shortlisted in a RIBA competition to design a new bridge over the A127 in Basildon.(Hit and miss)(Brief Article)
October 1, 2004... Future Systems, Grimshaw, Spence Associates, Thomas Heatherwick Studio and Birds Portchmouth Russum have been shortlisted in a RIBA competition to design a new bridge over the A127 in Basildon. The six teams will now draw up designs and a...

Design Museum.(People)(Brief Article)
October 1, 2004... Vacuum cleaner designer James Dyson (above) has quit as chairman of the Design Museum after five years. He said he was resigning because the museum was "ruining its reputation" and "betraying its purpose". Museum founder Terence Conran has also...

Ground Zero architect Daniel Libeskind this week published his memoir Breaking Ground.(People)(Brief Article)
October 1, 2004... Ground Zero architect Daniel Libeskind this week published his memoir Breaking Ground. The book details his life from his early days as a child prodigy on the accordion to his struggle to get his vision realised at the World Trade Centre site...

Architect Ron Arad, who attended Tony Blair's Cool Britannia party in 1997, said the wave of optimism in the design community when Labour came to power was "nonsense".(Brief Article)
October 1, 2004... Architect Ron Arad, who attended Tony Blair's Cool Britannia party in 1997, said the wave of optimism in the design community when Labour came to power was "nonsense". "I nearly swallowed all that Cool Britannia nonsense... I must have lost my...

The RIBA Council was considering whether to raise its membership fee in order to fund free membership for students as BD went to press.(Power play)(Brief Article)
October 1, 2004... The RIBA Council was considering whether to raise its membership fee in order to fund free membership for students as BD went to press. RIBA president George Ferguson opposes the plans and prefers to seek sponsorship to fund the membership...

The Scottish Executive is set to unveil its budget this week and is expected to focus on major capital projects.(Power play)(Brief Article)
October 1, 2004... The Scottish Executive is set to unveil its budget this week and is expected to focus on major capital projects. New money will be awarded to major transport infrastructure work, universities and new science centres.

Deputy prime minister John Prescott unveiled plans to help first-time homebuyers at the Labour Party Conference in Brighton this week.(Power play)
October 1, 2004... Deputy prime minister John Prescott unveiled plans to help first-time homebuyers at the Labour Party Conference in Brighton this week. He said he wanted to use surplus government land and cheaper construction methods to build key worker homes...

Frei Otto wins RIBA Royal Gold Medal.(Royal Institute of British Architects)(Brief Article)
October 1, 2004... German architect and engineer Frei Otto, who is seen as the pioneer of tensile and gridshell structures in modern architecture, has won the RIBA's Royal Gold Medal. Otto is celebrated for his groundbreaking tent-like structures which...

Grimshaw appeals for final push on spa: architect breaks silence over dispute delaying Bath project.
October 1, 2004... Nicholas Grimshaw has made an impassioned plea to the contractor on the troubled Bath Spa project to repair the last remaining defects so that the spa can open to the public. The architect and contractor Mowlem are still arguing over who is...

Making tracks in China.(Weston Williamson)(Brief Article)
October 1, 2004... Weston Williamson has been shortlisted with seven other practices for a new train station in Wuhan, China. The 56 million [pounds sterling] station will be a new stop on the proposed high speed rail link between Beijing and Hong Kong. The...

Course validations.(Royal Institute of British Architects)(Brief Article)
October 1, 2004... Course validations The RIBA has given the University of Dundee's school of architecture conditional validation for part I and part II of its course. The institute also only gave conditional validation for Liverpool John Moores University's Part...

Plot thickens.(architectural services shortlisted for development of land in the New Islington Millennium Community)(Brief Article)
October 1, 2004... Plot thickens Conran & Partners, Mecanoo, de Rijke Marsh Morgan, Squire & Partners, Shed KM and Hawkins Brown have been shortlisted to develop a 7,000sq m plot of land in the New Islington Millennium Community, east Manchester, in a competition...

Cuba cycle.(donations for Architects Benevolent Society by Royal Institute of British Architects president)(bike ride across Cuba)(Brief Article)
October 1, 2004... Cuba cycle RIBA president George Ferguson will lead a bike ride across Cuba this November to raise money for the Architects Benevolent Society. Anyone wishing to join or sponsor the ride that will take in Cuba's Spanish colonial and thirties...

Sexism claims go to tribunal.(University College Northampton)(Brief Article)
October 1, 2004... An architect is taking University College Northampton to an employment tribunal claiming she was forced to leave because of sexual discrimination, victimisation and bullying. Justine Roberts, who led the architectural technology course for...

Planning applications reach 15-year high, says ODPM.(Office of the Deputy Prime Minister)(Brief Article)
October 1, 2004... The number of new planning applications has reached a 15-year high, according to government figures. The statistics reveal district planning authorities received 186,000 planning applications from April to June this year, a 6% rise on the...

Gillespie replaces Murray as Edinburgh design adviser.(News)(Reiach & Hall)(Brief Article)
October 1, 2004... Architect Neil Gillespie of Edinburgh practice Reiach & Hall has replaced Allan Murray as design adviser to file City of Edinburgh Council. Last month, BD revealed that Murray had resigned in protest over an alleged conflict of interest in...

Smithfield's new look.(London's historic Smithfield Market)(Brief Article)
October 1, 2004... Designs by KPF Associates for a controversial redevelopment of part of London's historic Smithfield Market were unveiled last week. Under the proposal, submitted to the Corporation of London, the derelict General Market building at the western...

Go-ahead for controversial HOK hospital: second part of HOK Royal London & Barts scheme wins planning.
October 1, 2004... The second half of HOK International's controversial 1 billion [pounds sterling] hospital redevelopment in east London has won planning approval despite widespread fears that the design won't let in enough light and fresh air. Design...

Government building targets fall short.(Brief Article)
October 1, 2004... The government has been reprimanded for not doing more to reach its school, hospital and home building targets in a school report style paper published by the Construction Products Association this week. The paper, Achievable Targets? 2004,...

Student centre win.(Design Engine Architects won a competition to design a student centre)(Brief Article)
October 1, 2004... * Student centre win Design Engine Architects has won a competition to design a 6 million [pounds sterling] student centre for University College Winchester. The practice fought off competition from Feilden Clegg Bradley, Nicholas Hare, Benson...

Banking on the bicentennial.(bank building refurbishment)(Brief Article)
October 1, 2004... * Banking on the bicentennial The historic Edinburgh headquarters of the bank HBOS was closed this week as part of a refurbishment involving architect Malcolm Fraser. Fraser is due to restore the Great Hall of the building on The Mound in time...

Boost for urban design.(Brief Article)
October 1, 2004... * Boost for urban design Barry Sellers, a planner at Wandsworth Council, has been elected chairman of campaigning organisation Urban Design Group. Sellers said he wants local authorities to hire more staff with urban design skills and to...

Stair bright.(Breast Care Centre at Barts hospital-opened)(Brief Article)
October 1, 2004... The new Breast Care Centre at Barts hospital in east London, designed by Greenhill Jenner Architects, opened this week. The project, independent from the controversial HOK proposals, has seen the transformation of the hospital's grade I...

Web poll.(News)(Brief Article)
October 1, 2004... Last week we asked: Does Arb registration cost too much? 88% said yes 12% said no This week we ask Should the RIBA take sole responsibility for architectural education? Give your answer at www.bdonline.co.uk

Mayor to ref Foster argy-bargy.(Brief Article)
October 1, 2004... The Mayor of London Ken Livingstone is to appeal to Foster & Partners to end its dispute with a small art gallery situated close to the practice's London office. The Couper Collection Gallery occupies a number of rusting barges moored in...

Eubank enlists architectural heavyweights to win planning.(Chris Eubank)(Brief Article)
October 1, 2004... Former boxing word champion Chris Eubank has won a two-year planning battle to build 41 flats on the site of his Brighton home after enlisting local practice Lomax Cassidy & Edwards to improve the project's design. Lomax Cassidy & Edwards...

Team appointed to develop 500m [pounds sterling] Milton Keynes scheme.(News)
October 1, 2004... Architect Gardner Stewart has been appointed to masterplan the 500 million [pounds sterling] Oakgrove Millennium Community in Milton Keynes as part of a consortium led by developer Crest Nicholson. The 2,000 home development on a 64ha site...

Rem stripes again.(News)(Brief Article)
October 1, 2004... Rem Koolhaas has designed a new exhibition to celebrate Holland's presidency of the European Union this year. The Brussels exhibition, called The Image of Europe, is housed in a large circus tent designed by Koolhaas. The tent features his...

Cabe slams 'bulky' scheme; Bowman Riley's Leicester regeneration 'dominates the area'.(student housing)(Brief Article)
October 1, 2004... Cabe has urged planners to refuse designs for a major regeneration scheme in Leicester for being too "bulky" in terms of scale and massing. Its design review slammed the Granby Halls scheme by Bowman Riley Architects, comprising a...

MSPs apologise for Holyrood fiasco.(Member of the Scottish Parliament)(Brief Article)
October 1, 2004... Scottish politicians tried to draw I a line under the Holyrood debacle last week with presiding officer George Reid apologising for the cost and time overruns on the troubled new building. Reid's apology, along with ones from a number of...

Creative depot.(East Midlands)(The Ash Sakula)(Brief Article)
October 1, 2004... * Creative depot The Ash Sakula-designed Leicester Creative Business Depot has been officially opened by Leicester City Council leader Roger Blackmore. The former bus depot has been transformed into 50 small business units. Ten companies have...

Multifaith centre.(East Midlands)
October 1, 2004... * Multifaith centre Birmingham practice SPE Architecture in association with Nicol Thomas has completed a multifaith centre at Derby university. The centre, part-funded by the Millennium Commission, opened last week.

Lincoln library.(East Midlands)(Brief Article)
October 1, 2004... * Lincoln library Conversion of a 1907 warehouse into a library for Lincoln University has been completed. The 5 million [pounds sterling] project to transform the warehouse and add new spaces, was designed by UL the university's in-house...

Curtain up imminently.(East Midlands)(Grochowski)(Brief Article)
October 1, 2004... * Curtain up imminently Nottingham-based Marsh: Grochowski is hoping to gain planning permission "any day now" for a theatre at the Djanogly Academy in Nottingham. The practice has also designed a low-energy house for local Labour MP Mike...

Rubgy works tackled.(East Midlands)( Peter Haddon & Partners )(Brief Article)
October 1, 2004... Rugby works tackled Peter Haddon & Partners has an on-going program me of work for the Northampton Saints Rugby Club. A 12,000-seat stadium by the practice has recently opened, and it is now working with the club on designing further...

Award contenders.(News)
October 1, 2004... Award contenders Shortlisted projects for the East Midlands RIBA: Ibstock EM Awards are: Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, Nottingham University, by Benoy; The Park, Nottingham by Marsh: Grochowski; Nottingham Breast Institute by BDP; The...

Contract session.(East Midlands)
October 1, 2004... * Contract session RIBA East Midlands is holding a session on JET contracts with Sarah Lupton on October 27 in Nottingham. Go to riba.eastmidlands@inst.riba.org

Welcome to the open-plan party: is a bright new modern office enough to convince voters that the Tories have seen the light.
October 1, 2004... Politicians have provided us with some of our best villains. Our popular culture is full of them, from Francis Urquhart in House of Cards to Alan B'stard in The New Statesman, politicians have been caricatured as ruthless, plotting or down...

Scouse strife.(Comment)(Letter to the Editor)
October 1, 2004... Your September 10 issue presents us with some interesting insights into what's currently happening in Liverpool, European Capital of Culture 2008. On page one, we read that the 15 million [pounds sterling] renovation of St George's Hall...

Narrow the goals.(Comment)(Letter to the Editor)
October 1, 2004... Ellis Woodman's article "Too many cooks" about the Venice Biennale (BD September 17) is the best thing that I've read in the architectural press for a very long time. One of the main problems in the architectural scene in the UK today is...

York scratching.(Comment)(Letter to the Editor)
October 1, 2004... I cannot let Cabe take all the credit for the "victory." in the fight against the Coppergate II scheme in York, which resulted in the total rejection of the Land Securities/Chapman Taylor scheme by the secretary of state (News Analysis...

Educating RIBA.(Comment)(Letter to the Editor)
October 1, 2004... I was surprised to read that architectural education was plunged into crisis after what is, even in the terms of your article "Arb and RIBA clash over school reports" (News, September 24), common ground between Arb and the RIBA, ie, that there...

Refreshing request.(Comment)(Letter to the Editor)
October 1, 2004... I was interested to read Nigel Turner's letter about returning to architecture after spending 13 years as a church pastor (September 10). His letter was timely. The RIBA is currently putting together ideas for refresher courses for people...

Canned do.(Comment)(Letter to the Editor)
October 1, 2004... I counted four references to projects being "canned" in your issue of September 24. Is this a record or just a sign of the times? Andrew Roberts, London

Clarification.(Comment)(Correction Notice)
October 1, 2004... A story about Arup's bid for a new TV Tower in Guangzhou, China (News September 17) failed to mention that the design was drawn up with Dutch practice Information Based Architecture.

RIBA must kiss and make up with Arb.(Royal Institute of British Architects)(Editorial)
October 1, 2004... The RIBA's latest challenge to the Arb marks yet another battle in a futile war. Troublemakers at the institute will use the Highton report, which it commissioned, as further ammunition in their squabble with the regulator. Arb-baiting has...

DDA is a learning curve worth taking.(Disability Discrimination Act)
October 1, 2004... Until now it was easy to say that everyone should be aware of issues that affect how disabled people use the built environment. But with the Disability Discrimination Act part III, which comes into effect today, awareness alone will not be...

No tears shed.(Concrete Boots)
October 1, 2004... Edinburgh-based architect Moray Royles is still waiting for a public inquiry verdict on whether a shed in his garden com plies with strict local planning regulations and will be able to remain. But Royles is not bothered by the delay. "The...

Red rum ride.(Concrete Boots)
October 1, 2004... George Ferguson has already charmed the commissars of the People's Republic of China by meeting their top architectural brass clad in his trademark red trousers. Now Fergie is set to wow communist legend Fidel Castro by leading an Architects...

Building outburst.(Concrete Boots)
October 1, 2004... John Prescott at his earthy, vowely best, turned his ire towards delegates at last week's National Housing Federation conference in Birmingham and growled: "Why does it cost so much to build bloody houses in this country?" The outburst drew an...

City views.(Concrete Boots)
October 1, 2004... Asked about his view on building cities in a recent interview with the Denver Post, David Adjaye said: "I'm less interested in what I call an analogue relationship to the whole than what I consider a molecular relationship. We can do more than...

Best of the worst.(Concrete Boots)
October 1, 2004... Luton is the "crappiest town in Britain", according to the Idler magazine. The longlist for The Idler's new trap Towns book, to be published later this year, runs to more than 100. It is something when there are more than 100 UK towns that...

Suburban myth.(Concrete Boots)
October 1, 2004... Suburban sprawl is something that nobody wants. Since the publication of Richard Rogers's Urban White Paper four years ago, it has become received wisdom that we need to intensify development in cities. But during the Cold War things were...

Eire apparent: Keith Williams Architects has given Athlone a striking new civic centre as part of of an Ireland-wide programme of local government improvement.(Editorial)
October 1, 2004... New civic centres have been springing up around Ireland as canny local councils cash in on the country's economic boom to provide themselves--and the public--with modern facilities. Its not just about bureaucratic aggrandisement. One of the...

24 Royal Festival Hall: architect: Allies & Morrison Acoustic consultant: Kirkegaard Associates.
October 1, 2004... The Royal Festival Hall is about to undergo a major refurbishment to improve its acoustic performance. Almost all the surfaces are to be altered to decrease their acoustic absorbency and increase the reverberation time. Leg room in the...

Orchestral manoeuvres: the Royal Festival Hall will need to change virtually every surface to achieve better acoustics.
October 1, 2004... "The stage in the Royal Festival Hall auditorium is a very lonely place to be," says Paul Appleton, partner at Allies & Morrison. "It is stripped of sound." Appleton, whose practice has worked on plans to refurbish the Royal Festival Hall...

Within these walls.(Techbrief)
October 1, 2004... Within these walls The Amtico Company has taken inspiration from the Far East for its latest range of flooring products. The exotic Japanese Zelkova tiles, launched at last week's 100% Design show, have been designed for use in commercial...

Fleece flooring.(Uzin Utz AG-product introduction)(Brief Article)
October 1, 2004... Fleece flooring German flooring manufacturer Uzin has unveiled a range of matting which combines thinness with sound and stress absorption. The 4mm Multimoll Softsonic matting reduces the transfer of sound that often occurs with tiled flooring...

Glass act.(Techbrief)
October 1, 2004... Glass act Juicy Glass has presented the fruits of its most recent work on its stand at the 100% Design exhibition. Its inspirations are as diverse as David Hockney's stage set designs, European modernist paintings and the glass itself. ...

Updating the stage canopy.(stage construction for musicians)(Brief Article)
October 1, 2004... The three fabric reflectors above the stage will be made of Nomex stretched over a frame. A flame-retardant fabric similar to nylon, Nomex is a lightweight, synthetic, polymer fibre that is abrasive-resistant and has no melting point. It begins...

Melody maker: Amanda Birch meets Larry Kirkegaard, the man behind the Royal Festival Hall's acoustic makeover.
October 1, 2004... Larry Kirkegaard's hand is an inch away from my cheek. This isn't a sign that my interview with the charming and internationally renowned acoustician has become a lot more intimate than either of us expected. Instead, Kirkegaard is...

Getting visual.(visual impairment is an important issue as part III of the Disability Discrimination Act)
October 1, 2004... Focus upon visual impairment is an important issue as part III of the Disability Discrimination Act comes into force this week. Those of us who design and specify consider ourselves highly tuned in making visual decisions. However meeting the...

Found in translation: Kester Rattenbury is enthralled by Tacita Dean's three films exploring a Portuguese villa.(Movie Review)
October 1, 2004... The first thing to remember before seeing artist Tacita Dean's show Boots at the RIBA is that most serious films about architecture are slow. There's no point hoping for a quick fix. It's more like visiting a building without prior literature;...

Display of power.(Culture)
October 1, 2004... Nigel Green's series of photographs, Physical Sites, is the result of unprecedented access to Dungeness B nuclear power station. The images, on show at the Photofusion Gallery in London's Brixton, portray the often awe-inspiring scale of the...

Keith Hill.(personal narratives)(Brief Article)
October 1, 2004... Books I always have a book on the go, but holidays are the great opportunity for a reading splurge. This summer I read Bob Woodward's Plan of Attack, Wolfgang Koeppen's The Hothouse, Nicholas Schoon's The Chosen City and (anorak that I am) the...

Do right by your staff: being a compassionate boss can have its advantages.(employee management relations)
October 1, 2004... There are two ways to manage people. One is to inspire trust in your staff through hard work, compassion and understanding. The other is to rule by fear. Many argue the latter is more effective, but agree it doesn't do you any favours when...

Ian Martin: the rhetoric is obviously renewable, but do people actually want to get on with one another?
October 1, 2004... Monday My old friend Nick Buggles rings. The opening toga party's off, yet again, for his Roman Spa Experience at Cheltenham. The scheme has now officially taken longer than Julius Caesar's invasion of Britain. I caution him, in Latin, to...

The Charettes.
October 1, 2004... [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Caption: I've been thinking you & I should leave and set up on our own You're right, I'm getting too old to take orders Me too, once you hit forty you're creatively dead. The quicker we do it the better ...

Fears mount over Labour design u-turn; urgent calls for safeguards in schools and healthcare.
October 8, 2004... Architects launched a rearguard action this week to secure good design in billions of pounds worth of school and hospital buildings, amid growing fears the government is set to abandon their cause. Healthcare specialists Mike Nightingale,...

Twisting the night away.(News)(Atkins Architects)(Brief Article)
October 8, 2004... Atkins has won a commission to design a major new landmark building in Bahrain, known as the Twisting Towers. Head architect on the tower--a luxury hotel for an unnamed client at an undisclosed location--is Tom Wright, who also led the...

Nominate Britain's best client.(News)(Building Design)(Brief Article)
October 8, 2004... Give your client a slap on the back and nominate them for BD'S inaugural Client of the Year Award. You have just one week left to name your favourite before we draw up a shortlist and put it to a reader vote. Will it be the Peabody Trust...

RIBA to lobby for Arb reform: institute asks government to rewrite Architects Act.(News)(Royal Institute of British Architects)
October 8, 2004... The RIBA is ready to challenge the government to change the Architects Act to restrict the powers of the Arb. In all escalation of the power struggle between the two bodies, the RIBA has said for the first time since the act was passed...

World Trade Centre leaseholder Larry Silverstein has agreed to pay Ground Zero architect Daniel Libeskind $370,000 for his design work on the Freedom Tower in a legal settlement announced this week.(Hit and miss)(Brief Article)
October 8, 2004... World Trade Centre leaseholder Larry Silverstein has agreed to pay Ground Zero architect Daniel Libeskind $370,000 for his design work on the Freedom Tower in a legal settlement announced this week. The payment settles a lawsuit filed by...

Buschow Henley, Maccreanor Lavington and Latitude are shortlisted with three other practices in an RIBA design competition for new student accommodation at Atlantic College, south Wales.(Hit and miss)
October 8, 2004... Buschow Henley, Maccreanor Lavington and Latitude are shortlisted with three other practices in an RIBA design competition for new student accommodation at Atlantic College, south Wales. The winner will be chosen in December.

Save Britain's Heritage has called on the government to sell the grade II listed Severalls Hospital near Colchester to a responsible developer.(Hit and miss)(Brief Article)
October 8, 2004... Save Britain's Heritage has called on the government to sell the grade II listed Severalls Hospital near Colchester to a responsible developer. The asylum complex, built in 1913 by county architect F Whitmore, is being sold for housing by the...

Southwark council has begun its search for a housing partner to build and manage 1,000 replacement homes for the Heygate Estate at Elephant & Castle.(Hit and miss)(Brief Article)
October 8, 2004... Southwark council has begun its search for a housing partner to build and manage 1,000 replacement homes for the Heygate Estate at Elephant & Castle. It will advertise for interest in the next three weeks.