Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition articles from November 2003

Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition archives from November 2003

Cystic fibrosis newborn screening and detection of carriers.(Leading Article)
November 1, 2003... Detection of carriers can be managed ********** A decision to introduce nationwide cystic fibrosis (CF) newborn screening in the United Kingdom has now been taken, although the exact procedure is still being determined, except in...

Hypotension in the very low birthweight infant: the old, the new, and the uncertain.(Recent Advances)
November 1, 2003... Hypotension occurs in up to 20% of very low birthweight infants, usually in the first 48 hours after birth. Its importance lies in its possible causal link with brain injury. Its management is controversial. ********** Every...

Jaundice in low birthweigh infants: pathobiology and outcome.
November 1, 2003... Jaundice in preterm, as well as full term, infants results from (a) an increased bilirubin load in the hepatocyte, (b) decreased hepatic uptake of bilirubin from the plasma, and/or (c) defective bilirubin conjugation. Hyperbilirubinaemia in...

Treatment of jaundice in low birthweight infants.
November 1, 2003... Exchange transfusion and phototherapy remain the staples of intervention for the jaundiced newborn. Clinical management of the jaundiced low birthweight infant is discussed. ********** Although it is generally believed that preterm and...

Prophylactic indomethacin for preterm infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
November 1, 2003... Background: Rates of long term morbidity remain unacceptably high in infants surviving after preterm birth. Prophylactic indomethacin has been shown to effectively reduce the rate of intraventricular haemorrhage in this group but there is the...

Implications of carrier identification in newborn screening for cystic fibrosis.
November 1, 2003... Objective: To investigate the psychosocial implications for families whose infant was identified as a cystic fibrosis carrier by newborn screening. Design: Prospective psychosocial assessment. Setting: Primary care. Respondents:...

Neonatal weight loss in breast and formula fed infants.
November 1, 2003... Objective: To define the range of neonatal weight loss in a population relative to feeding method. Design: Prospective observational cohort study. Setting: Maternity service providing geographically defined, community based newborn...

Effect of early targeted indomethacin on the ductus arteriosus and blood flow to the upper body and brain in the preterm infant.
November 1, 2003... Objective: To determine if indomethacin given to preterm infants with a large ductus arteriosus (DA) in the first hours of life results in maintained or improved brain and upper body blood (superior vena cava (SVC)) flow. Study design: A...

Relapse of neonatal herpes simplex virus infection.
November 1, 2003... Background: Neonatal herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection is a severe disease with high mortality and morbidity. Recurrence of skin vesicles is common. Objective: To determine the features of relapse and identify the factors related to...

Neonatal cerebral infarction and visual function at school age.
November 1, 2003... Objective: To assess various aspects of visual function at school age in children with neonatal cerebral infarction. Patients and methods: Sixteen children born at term, who had cerebral infarction of perinatal onset on neonatal magnetic...

The EPICure study: growth and associated problems in children born at 25 weeks of gestational age or less.
November 1, 2003... Aim: To define growth outcomes of a geographically defined population of extremely preterm babies. Population: The EPICure study identified all surviving children in the United Kingdom and Ireland born at [less than or equal to] 25 weeks 6...

Increased serum levels of interleukin 6 are associated with severe intraventricular haemorrhage in extremely premature infants.
November 1, 2003... Background: Intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) and periventricular leucomalacia (PVL) in premature infants presumably have many causes. It has been proposed that inflammatory processes in the fetomaternal unit play an important role in the...

Motion resistant pulse oximetry in neonates.
November 1, 2003... Background: Pulse oximetry is widely used in neonates. However, its reliability is often affected by motion artefact. Clinicians confronted with questionable oxygen saturation (Sp[O.sub.2]) values often estimate the reliability by correlating...

Neonatal transfers by advanced neonatal nurse practitioners and paediatric registrars.
November 1, 2003... Objective: To evaluate the safely and practicality of using advanced neonatal nurse practitioners (ANNPs) to lead acute neonatal transfers. Design: Comparison of transport times, transport interventions, and physiological variables,...

Excessive exposure of sick neonates to sound during transport.
November 1, 2003... Objective: To determine the levels of sound to which infants are exposed during routine transport by ambulance, aircraft, and helicopter. Design: Sound levels during 38 consecutive journeys from a regional level III neonatal intensive care...

Multipoint measurement of intragastric pH in healthy preterm infants.
November 1, 2003... Background: The diagnostic use of 24 hour oesophageal pH monitoring in infants is controversial because of the impact of feed buffering of gastric acidity. Aim: To re-evaluate the effect of feeding on gastric pH and reflux using multipoint...

Diagnostic value of radiography in cases of perinatal death: a population based study.
November 1, 2003... Objective: To examine the yield of radiographic abnormalities in a population based set of perinatal deaths, the diagnostic value of whole body postmortem radiographs in the same set, and previous factors that may increase the proportion of...

Cerebral perfusion in infants and neonates: preliminary results obtained using dynamic susceptibility contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging.
November 1, 2003... Background: Previous studies have used the dynamic susceptibility contrast enhanced (DSCE) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging technique to measure cerebral perfusion in adults. Objective: To assess the feasibility of the technique in a...

Congenital idiopathic chylothorax in neonates: chemical pleurodesis with povidone-iodine (Betadine).(Case Report)
November 1, 2003... Chylothorax is defined as an accumulation of chyle in the pleural space. This condition usually occurs after an operation, the congenital idiopathic form being rare (1/15000 births). Recovery is observed within four to six weeks of diagnosis in...

Massive acute haemolysis in neonates with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency.(Case Report)
November 1, 2003... Three neonates with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency are described. All three patients suffered an episode of massive acute haemolysis, in the absence of blood group incompatibilities, infection, or ingestion of oxidising...

Gregor Mendel, OSA (1822-1884), founder of scientific genetics.(Perinatal Lessons From The Past)
November 1, 2003... Gregor Mendel, an Augustinian monk and part-time school teacher, undertook a series of brilliant hybridisation experiments with garden peas between 1857 and 1864 in the monastery gardens and, using statistical methods for the first time in...