Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition articles from March 2003

Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition archives from March 2003

Vitamin K -- what, why, and when. (Review).
March 1, 2003... Policies for giving babies vitamin K prophylactically at birth have been dictated, over the last 60 years, more by what manufacturers decided on commercial grounds to put on the market, than by any informed understanding of what babies actually...

Oxygen administration in infants. (Review).
March 1, 2003... The main methods of oxygen administration to infants are reviewed. Some methods are more economical and therefore more useful in developing countries. All the methods have potential complications and therefore need to be carefully supervised....

A ten year, multicentre study of coagulase negative staphylococcal infections in Australasian neonatal units. (Original Article).
March 1, 2003... D Isaacs, on behalf of the Australasian Study Group for Neonatal Infections Objective: To study late onset systemic infections with coagulase negative staphylococci. Methods: Prospective longitudinal study of coagulase negative...

Infant to staff ratios and risk of mortality in very low birthweight infants. (Original Article).
March 1, 2003... Objectives: To assess the effect that infant to staff ratios, in the first three days of life, have on the survival to hospital discharge of very low birthweight infants ( Design: In a retrospective analysis of a cohort of patients, the...

Comparison of meconium and neonatal hair analysis for detection of gestational exposure to drugs of abuse. (Original Article).
March 1, 2003... Background: Meconium and hair are two biological markers of in utero exposure to illicit drugs. Objective: To compare the sensitivity of the two tests for different drugs. Setting: Motherisk laboratory which tests in utero drug...

Cognitive development at 5.5 years of children with chronic lung disease of prematurity. (Original Article).
March 1, 2003... Background: Preterm infants with chronic lung disease (CLD) had impaired cognitive development and poorer eye-hand coordination at 10 months of age. Aims: To study whether this effect of CLD persisted until school age and whether the...

Faecal elastase 1 levels in premature and full term infants. (Original Article).
March 1, 2003... Background: Determination of faecal elastase 1 (FE 1) is a simple, relatively inexpensive, non-invasive, highly specific and sensitive test for determining pancreatic function. Secretion of pancreatic enzymes varies during infancy, but there...

Oral mixed micellar vitamin K for prevention of late vitamin K deficiency bleeding. (Original Article).
March 1, 2003... Objective: To determine whether the use of mixed micellar vitamin K improves the efficacy of the 3 x 2 mg oral vitamin K prophylaxis schedule. Design: Nationwide active surveillance for vitamin K deficiency bleeding (VKDB) complemented...

Intestinal absorption of mixed micellar phylloquinone (vitamin [K.sub.1]) is unreliable in infants with conjugated hyperbilirubinaemia: implications for oral prophylaxis of vitamin K deficiency bleeding. (Original Article).
March 1, 2003... Objective: To compare the pharmacokinetics and efficacy of oral versus intravenous mixed micellar vitamin K prophylaxis in infants with cholestatic liver disease, a known risk factor for vitamin K deficiency bleeding. Design: Prospective...

Plasma bilirubin level and oxidative stress in preterm infants. (Original Article).
March 1, 2003... Objective: To assess the hypothesis that changes in plasma total bilirubin levels (Btot) can influence the antioxidant system and oxidative stress in preterm infants. Methods: Twenty two healthy preterm infants who presented with visible...

Progress in treatment and outcome for children with neonatal haemochromatosis. (Original Article).
March 1, 2003... Aim: To evaluate the role of antioxidant treatment and liver transplantation in the management of neonatal haemochromatosis. Methods: A retrospective review was performed of eight infants with acute liver failure and raised ferritin levels...

Pilot investigation of hypothermia in neonates receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. (Original Article).
March 1, 2003... Background: Infants requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support represent a high risk group in terms of cerebral injury. Mild hypothermia both during and after cerebral hypoxic ischaemia appears to be a promising strategy for...

Maternal and umbilical cord erythrocyte omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids and haemorheology in singleton and twin pregnancies. (Original Article).
March 1, 2003... Background: Being devoid of both nuclei and mitochondria, mature human erythrocytes provide an opportunity to study membrane structure and function outwith the restrictions of genetic control. With its unique rapid increase in vascularisation,...

Effect of limb cooling on peripheral and global oxygen consumption in neonates. (Original Article).
March 1, 2003... Aim: To evaluate peripheral oxygen consumption ([VO.sub.2]) measurements using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) with arterial occlusion in healthy term neonates by studying the effect of limb cooling on peripheral and global [VO.sub.2]. ...

Effect of a change in global metabolic rate on peripheral oxygen consumption in neonates. (Original Article).
March 1, 2003... Aim: To evaluate the effect of an induced change in global metabolic rate on peripheral oxygen consumption ([VO.sub.2]) in healthy full term neonates. Subjects and methods: Twenty four healthy full term neonates were studied. Peripheral...

Neonatal murmurs: are senior house officers good enough? (Audit).
March 1, 2003... Aim: To show that, given appropriate guidelines, senior house officers (SHOs) have the clinical skills required to assess neonatal murmurs. Methods: Neonatal SHOs identified babies with a cardiac murmur at routine neonatal examination. The...

Brachial artery pseudoaneurysm in a premature infant. (Case Report).
March 1, 2003... A case of brachial artery pseudoaneurysm in a premature infant is reported. The lesion was surgically resected, and arterial continuity restored by end to end anastomosis, The postoperative period and follow up were uneventful. **********...

Early dialysis in a neonate with intrauterine lisinopril exposure. (Case Report).
March 1, 2003... In general, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors should be discontinued in pregnancy, as they can induce an ACE fetopathy. For the treatment of the latter, early peritoneal dialysis is recommended for in utero exposure to captopril...

Andreas Vesalius (1514-1564), Padua, and the fetal "shunts". (Perinatal Lessons From the Past).
March 1, 2003... Three remarkable medical anatomists working in Padua during the 1 6th century described the anatomy of the fetal cardiovascular system, thus laying the foundation for William Harvey's discovery and description of the fetal circulation in the...

Letters. (PostScript).
March 1, 2003... If you have a burning desire to respond to a paper published in ADC or F&N, why not make use of our "rapid response" option? Log on to our website (www.archdischild.com), find the paper that interests you, click on "full text" and send your...

The Lazarus case, life and death issues in neonatal intensive care. (Book Review).(Book Review)
March 1, 2003... John D Lantos. The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2001, pp 178. ISBN 0-8018-6762-2 When things go badly wrong in the perinatal period there has developed a culture in many "advanced societies" that demands a search for someone to blame....

Echocardiography for the neonatologist. Part 2. Structural and transitional haemodynamic problems in the newborn. Practical. (CD Review).(Audiobook Review)
March 1, 2003... N Evans, G Malcolm. Royal Albert Hospital, Sydney. This second CD, covering structural and transitional haemodynamic problems in the newborn, is the companion volume to part I, which dealt with normal 2D imaging and Doppler. In this latest...