Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition articles from January 2002

Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition archives from January 2002

Peter Lawrence Hope.(Obituary)
January 1, 2002... 25.10.51-14.10.01 We are devastated to inform our readers of the death from lymphoma of our associate editor (and de facto editor of Fetal and Neonatal), Dr Peter Hope. Peter was an Oxford neonatologist, greatly respected locally,...

Birth weight symposium: Introduction to the birth weight symposium.(Editorial)
January 1, 2002... What factors determine birth weight and do they have any biological significance for the future health and welfare of the individual? These are important questions for all paediatricians and four groups of experts have been approached to...

Genetic factors contributing to birth weight: Epidemiological studies suggest that genetic factors account for 30-80% of birth weight variance.(Editorial)
January 1, 2002... The genetic influence on birth size has been recognised for many years, but only recently have some of the specific genes and chromosomal loci involved been identified. This article outlines the evidence for a genetic influence on birth size...

Maternal nutrition as a determinant of birth weight: Maternal nutrition, encompassing maternal dietary intake, circulating concentrations, uteroplacental blood flow, and nutrient transfer across the placenta, influences birth weight.(Editorial)
January 1, 2002... THE CONTRIBUTION OF MATERNAL NUTRITION TO BIRTH WEIGHT Birth weight is correlated between half siblings of the same mother but not of the same father (1) because of the greater contribution of the maternal genotype and environment. (2) As...

Social influences on birth weight: Risk factors for low birth weight are strongly influenced by the social environment.(Editorial)
January 1, 2002... Birth weight, like growth, is determined by the complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors. The proportional contribution of these influences is unclear. However, birth weight varies within genetically similar population, (1-3)...

Significance of birth weight for the future: Correct size at birth is associated with health later in life.(Editorial)
January 1, 2002... "How much did he/she weigh?" is often the first question proud parents are asked after they have announced the sex of their newly delivered progeny. A big baby, according to common knowledge, is a healthy baby. What evidence lies behind this...

Fetal or infant death in twin pregnancy: Neurodevelopmental consequence for the survivor. (Original Article).
January 1, 2002... Aim: To determine the neurodevelopmental morbidity in the surviving twin after fetal or infant death of the co-twin. Methods: Twin pregnancies with an antepartum or infant death delivered between 1981 and 1992 were identified from the...

Joint association of Apgar scores and early neonatal symptoms with minor disabilities at school age. (Original Article).
January 1, 2002... Objective: To examine whether the combination of a low five minute Apgar score and symptoms of neonatal encephalopathy is associated with minor impairments at school age. Design: Population based cohort study. Setting: Norway. ...

A pilot randomised controlled trial of peripheral fractional oxygen extraction to guide blood transfusions in preterm infants. (Original Article).
January 1, 2002... Background: Peripheral fractional oxygen extraction (FOE) may be a better indicator of the need for transfusion than the haemoglobin concentration (Hb) because it is a measure of the adequacy of oxygen delivery to meet demand. A randomised...

Cortical visual evoked potentials in very low birthweight premature infants. (Original Article).
January 1, 2002... Objectives: To compare the age of onset of the pattern orientation reversal visual evoked potential (OR-VEP) in a group of very low birthweight (VLBW) premature infants with term infants matched for postconceptual age at testing. The OR-VEP...

Prediction of extubation failure in preterm infants. (Original Article).
January 1, 2002... Objective: To identify whether the results of assessment of respiratory muscle strength or respiratory load were better predictors of extubation failure in preterm infants than readily available clinical data. Patients: Thirty six infants,...

Postnatal changes in maternal and neonatal plasma antioxidant vitamins and the influence of smoking. (Original Article).
January 1, 2002... Objective: To study the postnatal changes in the plasma concentrations of fat soluble antioxidant vitamins and malondialdehyde (MDA) in mothers and their newborns and their relation to smoking. Design: Prospective cohort study. ...

Safety and efficacy of nitric oxide in chronic lung disease. (Original Article).
January 1, 2002... Background: Therapies for neonatal chronic lung disease (CLD) of prematurity have had limited success. Aims: To determine whether inhaled nitric oxide (INO) administered to very low birthweight infants with developing OLD might improve...

Effect of blood transfusion on lipid peroxidation in preterm infants. (Original Article).
January 1, 2002... Objective: To see whether there was a link between blood transfusion and lipid peroxidation as measured by urinary malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration in preterm infants. Methods: Urine samples were collected before and after blood...

Changes in markers of bone metabolism during dexamethasone treatment for chronic lung disease in preterm infants. (Original Article).
January 1, 2002... Aim: To characterise the change in serum and urinary bone markers in the early postnatal period, and to assess the effect of systemic corticosteroid on bone metabolism in preterm infants. Methods: Bone formation was quantified by...

Neonatal/infant echocardiography by the non-cardiologist: A personal practice, past, present, future. (Personal Practice).
January 1, 2002... An increasing number of neonatologists and general paediatricians with an interest in neonatology are performing echocardiography on neonates and infants. There have been several articles, a book, and a CD-ROM on the subject by specialists...

Ex utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT) of severe fetal hydrothorax. (Case Report).
January 1, 2002... Ex utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT) of a fetus with severe bilateral hydrothorax is described, EXIT allows therapeutic interventions on the neonate while maintaining fetoplacental circulation. Thus it may be useful for fetuses presenting with...

A rare complication of neonatal central venous access. (Case Report).
January 1, 2002... Total parenteral nutrition is often necessary for the survival of neonates, but obtaining central venous access can be very difficult. A case is reported in which malpositioning of a 27 gauge central venous catheter resulted in the misdiagnosis...

Images in neonatal medicine: Rare spontaneous regression of patent omphalomesenteric duct after birth.
January 1, 2002... The abdominal radiograph (fig 1) shows contrast material in thc small bowel after injection through a fourth lumen found in the transected umbilical cord of an infant born at 28 weeks gestation (in vitro fertilisation), consistent with a patent...

Images in neonatal medicine: A further complication of meconium stained liquor in the newborn.
January 1, 2002... A 6 day old infant was referred by his general practitioner to the emergency department with a four day history of increasing difficulty in feeding. The mother reported that, after an uncomplicated full term pregnancy, she had a male...

Sir Leonard Parsons of Birmingham (1879-1950) and antenatal paediatrics. (Perinatal Lessons From the Past).
January 1, 2002... Born and educated in the Midlands, Sir Leonard Parsons made major contributions to the field of paediatrics in that area and played a leading role in the regional organisation of this specialty throughout the United Kingdom in the later years...

Letters.(Letter to the Editor)
January 1, 2002... Bullying in neonatal intensive care units: free for all The increasing recognition of bullying (mobbing) at workplaces has resulted in the need for more evidence of this occupational hazard--immune to the professional status and difficult...

Monographs in Clinical Paediatrics: Neonatal Jaundice.
January 1, 2002... Edited by M Jeffrey Maisels and Jon Watchko. (Pp 219; $70; hardback). Harwood Academic Publishers. ISBN 90-5702-626-0. This monograph is a useful summary of the problem of significant hyperbilirubinaemia in the neonate with full description...