PTI - The Press Trust of India Ltd. articles from October 2004

PTI - The Press Trust of India Ltd. archives from October 2004

US to continue to encourage India and Pak to resolve issues.
October 1, 2004... Washington, Oct 1 (PTI) The United States has said it continues to encourage both India and Pakistan to resolve all issues between them, including Kashmir. State Department Spokesman Richard Boucher said on Thursday that the "seriousness...

Natwar Singh describes deal on Siachen as "pure speculation".
October 1, 2004... London, Oct 1 (PTI) External Affairs Minister K Natwar Singh has described as "pure speculation" reports in Pakistani press that a deal is now in the making for withdrawal of troops from Siachen glacier from both sides. "It is pure...

India opposed to imposing change of regime in Palestine.
October 1, 2004... New Delhi, Oct 1 (PTI) Describing Yasser Arafat as the symbol of the Palestinian cause, India today opposed any move to "impose regime change" and emphasised that New Delhi's relations with Israel will not have a negative impact on its...

I have been advised not to go bang-bang initially: Tendulkar.
October 1, 2004... Mumbai, Oct 1 (PTI) Sachin Tendulkar has been advised by the doctors, Cricket Board-appointed Anant Joshi and Indian team physiotherapist Andrew Leipus, not to bat for more than ten minutes at a stretch initially, the injured master batsman...

India asks rich nations to provide monetary resources to poor.
October 1, 2004... United Nations, Oct 1 (PTI) India has called on the rich nations to provide poor countries with monetary and technological resources, saying that very few developing countries are likely to achieve their development goals as set by the...

Kannur, Oct 1 (PTI): The process of admissions to the.
October 1, 2004... Pariyaram Cooperative medical college under the management quota on merit basis caused a lot of tension in the college premises. SFI activists took out a march to the college on Thursday alleging corruption in admissions. ...

Maruti sales rev up 27 per cent in September.
October 1, 2004... New Delhi, Oct 1 (PTI) Maruti Udyog, India's biggest carmaker, said on Friday its total sales rose by a hefty 27 per cent in September 2004 but that of bread-and-butter model 'M800' decelerated 28 per cent. A total of 43,949 units were...

Raahat Fateh Ali Khan: Carrying forward the Nusrat legacy.
October 1, 2004... New Delhi, Oct 1 (PTI) Carrying forward the musical legacy of the late Pakistani sufi singer Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan is no mean task. But his nephew Raahat Fateh Ali Khan, having taken up the responsibility, now feels that he has got the...

PM assures Left on plan panel issue.
October 1, 2004... New Delhi, Oct 1 (PTI) A day after India's Planning Commission dissolved all its consultative groups, Prime Minister Manmohan Singh on Friday assured Left parties, extending outside support to the country's ruling coalition, that the...

Federal govt asks states to crack down on illegal migration.
October 1, 2004... New Delhi, Oct 1 (PTI) Taking a serious view of the incidents of duping people aspiring to go abroad, the Federal government has asked the state governments to crack down on "touts" and other unscrupulous people engaging in such...

China celebrates 55th National Day.
October 1, 2004... Anil K Joseph Beijing, Oct 1 (PTI) The People's Republic of China Friday celebrated its 55th founding day as a vast sea of humanity, headed by the nation's top leaders, gathered at various points of the city and pledged to work for...

Chinese companies deny export of WMD tech.
October 1, 2004... Beijing, Oct 1 (PTI) Two Chinese companies have rejected as "unjustified" the sanctions imposed on them by the US for allegedly proliferating weapons of mass destruction (WMD) technologies and urged Washington to immediately revoke the...

Annan voices concern over escalating violence in Gaza strip.
October 1, 2004... United Nations, Oct 1 (PTI) UN Secretary General Kofi Annan has voiced concern over escalating violence and rising casualties in Gaza strip and adjacent areas and said there is no military solution to the conflict. The Secretary...

Over 50 Indian companies to take part in IT show.
October 1, 2004... Dubai, Oct 1 (PTI) More than 50 Indian companies led by Electronics and Computer Software Export Promotion Council (ESC) will take part in 'Gitex 2004', the Middle East's premier Information Technology show, beginning Sunday at Dubai...

Nepal govt releases Maoist-affiliated student leaders.
October 1, 2004... Kathmandu, Oct 1 (PTI) Nepal government Friday released two Maoist-affiliated student leaders, seeking to facilitate dialogue between the rebel students wing and the authorities. Central members of All Nepal National Free Students...

Kerala to study Chinese model of poverty alleviation.
October 1, 2004... Anil K Joseph Beijing, Oct 1 (PTI) The Ktate government will examine China's highly successful poverty alleviation and urban planning programmes for a model to facilitate fast economic development of the state, Revenue and Housing...

Three children killed in blast near Pak-Afghan border.
October 1, 2004... Islamabad, Oct 1 (PTI) Three children were killed Friday and two injured seriously today in an explosion near the Pak-Afghan border where Pakistani army is battling to flush out al-Qaeda militants. Five children, who were on their way...

Blair admitted to Hammersmith Hospital for heart operation.
October 1, 2004... London, Oct 1 (PTI) British Prime Minister Tony Blair was Friday admitted to the Hammersmith Hospital in west London for corrective treatment of an irregular heartbeat. Blair's doctor Punit Ramrakha said Thursday that "due to a...

India, China excepted, globalisation slows growth: ILO.
October 1, 2004... New Delhi, Oct 1 (PTI) India and China excepted, globalisation has not been associated with a dramatic increase in economic growth, says the latest ILO report. "Globalisation has not been associated with a dramatic increase in economic...

Musharraf asks West to facilitate solution to Kashmir issue.
October 1, 2004... K J M Varma Islamabad, Oct 1 (PTI) Returning home after nearly two weeks of foreign tour, President Pervez Musharraf has said he had asked the Western countries to facilitate a solution to the Kashmir issue which India and Pakistan...

Sri Lanka wants peace talks to start immediately: Minister.
October 1, 2004... Chennai, Oct 1 (PTI) Sri Lankan Minister of Trade, Commerce and Consumer Affairs Jeyaraj Fernandopulle Friday said his government wants peace talks with the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam to resume immediately "as everybody favours...

Kalam to release commemorative stamps to mark 150 yrs of Post.
October 1, 2004... New Delhi, Oct 1 (PTI) President A P J Abdul Kalam will release commemorative stamps and Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, commemorative coins, here on October 4 to mark a year-long celebration of a century-and-a-half of the India post....

18 killed, 40 injured in blast in Shiite mosque in Pak.
October 1, 2004... K J M Varma Islamabad, Oct 1 (PTI) At least 18 people were killed and 40 injured when a suspected suicide-bomber blew himself up in a Shiite mosque packed with worshippers during Friday prayers in Pakistan's industrial city of...

India and Britain to have educational exchanges: Minister.
October 1, 2004... London, Oct 1 (PTI) India and UK will have greater exchanges in the field of education in coming years, David Miliband, British Minister for School Standards, said here Friday. "I look forward to comparing the Indian education system...

India asks US to review decision on its scientists.
October 1, 2004... New Delhi, Oct 1 (PTI) India Friday requested the United States to review its decision to impose sanctions on two Indian scientists for allegedly providing sensitive technology to Iran. "No sale of materials, equipment and...

UK Defence Secretary Geoffrey Hoon arrives on Oct six.
October 1, 2004... New Delhi, Oct 1 (PTI) Close on the heels of Prime Minister Manmohan Singh's strategic talks with his British counterpart Tony Blair, the UK Defence Secretary Geoffrey Hoon arrives in India on October six to boost defence cooperation...

Panel for restructuring public sector oil firms.
October 1, 2004... New Delhi, Oct 1 (PTI) The Indian Government has set up a six-member committee for restructuring public sector oil companies with a view to ending the "destructive" competition among them. The Advisory Committee on Synergy in Energy will be...

100 al-Qaeda operatives killed in military operations: Pak Prez.
October 1, 2004... Islamabad, Oct 1 (PTI) Pakistan President Pervez Musharraf has said that 100 al-Qaeda operatives have been killed so far in military operations in tribal areas bordering Afghanistan. "We target only foreign elements after confirmation of...

India rejects US charge against scientists.
October 1, 2004... New Delhi, Oct 1 (PTI) India Friday rejected US charge against two Indian scientists of selling weapons and providing sensitive technology to Iran and asked it to withdraw sanctions imposed on them. "No sale of materials, equipment and...

India, Bangla differ on terror camps, decide on patrolling.
October 1, 2004... New Delhi, Oct 1 (PTI) India and Bangladesh Friday decided to put in place a system of "coordinated patrolling" very soon to check trans-border movement and crime. During the bi-annual meeting of India's Border Security force and...

India, Russia to launch 120 new joint projects in S&T.
October 1, 2004... Vinay Shukla Moscow, Oct 1 (PTI) India and Russia would launch 120 new joint projects in the advanced fields of Science and Technology within the framework of their Integrated Long-term Programme (ILTP), which is one of the major...

India squander lead to be held to a 4-4 draw.
October 1, 2004... Lahore, Oct 1 (PTI) India missed out on a great chance to square the series as they squandered a two-goal advantage to be held 4-4 by Pakistan in a thrilling encounter in the fourth hockey Test here today. India, who were leading 4-2 with...

Six militants among 8 killed in J&K.
October 1, 2004... Srinagar, Oct 1 (PTI) Six militants were among eight persons killed and three others - kin of a political party activist and two counter-insurgents - injured in separate incidents in the northern Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir, a police...

Proposals for export of gas from Bangladesh under discussion.
October 1, 2004... New Delhi, Oct 1 (PTI) India Friday said proposals for export of gas from Bangladesh and a pipeline to transport gas from Myanmar to India were under discussion and being considered. "In the context of continously rising international...

`India offices' abroad for tourism promotion to be outsourced.
October 1, 2004... New Delhi, Oct 1 (PTI) With a 26 per cent jump in inbound tourism over last year, the Indian government is planning to outsource the task of operating `India offices' abroad to foreign agencies for tourist facilitation. "Some of our India...

Padmavathy Bandhopadhyay First woman Air Marshal.
October 1, 2004... New Delhi, Oct 1 (PTI) The Indian Air Force (IAF) Friday got its first woman Air Marshal, with Padmavathy Bandopadhyay taking over as Director General Medical Services (Air) at the Air Headquarters here. Sixty-year old Bandhopadhyay, who...

"Best possible team at this stage", says Ganguly.
October 1, 2004... Bangalore, Oct 1 (PTI) Indian skipper Sourav Ganguly Friday said the 15-member squad selected for the first two cricket Tests against Australia was the best possible team at this stage. "This is the best possible team at this stage," he...

19 killed, 40 injured in blast in Shiite mosque in Pak.
October 1, 2004... K J M Varma Islamabad, Oct 1 (PTI) At least 19 people were killed and 40 injured when a suspected suicide bomber blew himself up in a Shiite mosque packed with worshippers during Friday prayers in Pakistan's industrial city of Sialkot,...

Iraq focus of US Presidential debate; First round to Kerry.
October 1, 2004... T V Parasuram Washington, Oct 1 (PTI) Iraq took the centre stage in the first face-to-face debate between President George W Bush and his Democratic rival John F Kerry with the incumbent saying he ordered the attack to protect the US while...

Czech Republic knock India out of Junior Davis Cup.
October 1, 2004... New Delhi, Oct 1 (PTI) India failed to make it to the semifinals after being blanked by the Czech Republic in their final group match of the Junior Davis Cup in Barcelona, Spain. India, who had maintained a clean slate till Thursday, failed...

Three senior British Ministers visiting India next week.
October 1, 2004... New Delhi, Oct 1 (PTI) Three senior British Ministers are visiting India next week to further strengthen relations between the two countries. They are the Minister for International Development Gareth Thomas, Environment, Food and Rural...

Kerala demands temporary ban on illegal lotteries of states.
October 1, 2004... New Delhi, Oct One (PTI) Chief Minister Oommen Chandy Friday met Indian Home Minister Shivraj Patil and sought the Federal intervention in temporarily banning sale of illegal lotteries organised by other states in Kerala. It has come to...

Nobel Foundation to replace Tagore's stolen Medal with replica.
October 1, 2004... Santiniketan, Oct 1 (PTI) The Nobel Foundation of Sweden Friday informed the Visva-Bharati University that it would soon replace the stolen Nobel medallion of Rabindranath Tagore with a replica. Visva-Bharati Vice-Chancellor Sujit Basu told...

30 killed, 70 injured in Pak mosque blast.
October 1, 2004... K J M Varma Islamabad, Oct 1 (PTI) A suicide bomber blew himself up inside a Shiite mosque packed with worshippers during Friday prayers killing at least 30 people and injuring 70 others in Pakistan's eastern border city of Sialkot. ...

US discussing with India the issue of sanctions on scientists.
October 1, 2004... Washington, Oct 1 (PTI) The US Friday said it was discussing with India the issue of sanctions imposed on two Indian scientists for allegedly providing sensitive technology to Iran. "We are discussing this issue with the Indian...

Sonia, Manmohan meet senior Congress ministers.
October 1, 2004... New Delhi, Oct 1 (PTI) United Progressive Alliance (UPA) Chairperson Sonia Gandhi and Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh Friday met with several senior Congress ministers. The meeting, held at Prime Minister's residence, was attended by...

Gujarat Police to take Moulana Naseeruddin to Ahmedabad.
October 1, 2004... Hyderabad, Oct 1 (PTI) A local court here Friday allowed Gujarat (western Indian state) police to take Tehreek Tehfus Shariat-e-Islam President Naseeruddin, a suspected Laskher-e-Toiba agent arrested from the city on August 29, on a transit...

CM fully satisfied with probe into attack on missionaries.
October 1, 2004... New Delhi, Oct 1 (PTI) Expressing "full satisfaction" over police investigation into the attack on Christian missionaries in the state, Kerala Chief Minister Oommen Chandy Friday said he was yet to receive any communication from the National...

Caffeine an "active drug"; withdrawal causes disorder: study.
October 2, 2004... Washington, Oct 2 (PTI) A study by the John Hopkins Medical Institute has claimed that caffeine is the "most behaviourally active drug" with even a single cup of coffee a day producing "caffeine addiction". The study, led by Roland...

Arnold vetoes anti-offshoring bills.
October 2, 2004... Silicon Valley, Oct 2 (PTI) California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger has vetoed three separate anti-offshoring bills that would have prohibited state agencies from using state funds to award outsourcing deals to companies that send work...

US Academy urges campaign to combat childhood obesity.
October 2, 2004... Washington, Oct 2 (PTI) Alarmed by a report which claimed that obesity was widespread and increasing among American children, the US National Academy of Sciences has called for a nationwide campaign to combat childhood obesity. "We call...

Israeli system to provide security at Statue of Liberty.
October 2, 2004... Jerusalem, Oct 2 (PTI) The Israeli company, Nice Systems, which has a strong presence in the Indian telecom market, has announced that its smart video solutions has been chosen for securing the recently reopened Statue of Liberty complex. ...

Senior SA officials arrested in child pornography case.
October 2, 2004... Durban, Oct 2 (PTI) Two senior South African government officials have been arrested by the police for allegedly being involved in child pornography and eleven computers, discs and videos containing pornographic material seized. The...

Chidamabaram views SAFTA held hostage to Pak political baggage.
October 2, 2004... T V Parasuram Washington, Oct 1 (PTI) Emphasising that prerequisite to any kind of trading arrangement is that each country must extend to the other the Most Favoured Nation status, India has made it clear that if Pakistan continues to...

Thiruvananthapuram, Oct 2 (PTI) The All India Mahila.
October 2, 2004... Samskarika Sanghatana (AIMSS) activists took out a protest march demanding a ban on obscene posters put up at various parts of the city. The activists burned film and advertisement posters in front of the Corporation office on Friday and...

ON SATURDAY, OCTOBER 2, 2004.
October 2, 2004... ISLAMABAD: PAK-MOSQUE-BLAST (IE-BL, ST, TRI-BL, HIN-OWN, HT-ASSO/REU, AA-ASSO/REU, PIO-REU) ISLAMABAD: PAK-BLAST-WAZIRISTAN (ST-ASSO, AA-REU) ISLAMABAD: MUSHARRAF-KASHMIR (PIO) WASHINGTON: BUSH-KERRY-DEBATE (ST, TOI-OWN, HT-OWN,...

Nation pays rich tributes to Mahatma.
October 2, 2004... New Delhi, Oct 2 (PTI) Rich tributes were Saturday paid to Mahatma Gandhi on his 135th birth anniversary, with Indian President A P J Abdul Kalam, Vice President Bhairon Singh Shekhawat and Prime Minister Manmohan Singh leading the nation in...

Three Let militants among five killed in J-K gunfights.
October 2, 2004... Srinagar, Oct 2 (PTI) Four militants, including three Lashker-e-Toiba terrorists, and a civilian were killed in gunfights in Anantnag and Pulwama district of north Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir Saturday. The LeT militants were killed...

BSF arrests two militants, seize 60 kg explosives.
October 2, 2004... Srinagar, Oct 2 (PTI) In a major breakthrough, Border Security Force arrested two militants in Baramulla district of north Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir and seized 60 kgs explosive being carried by them in two scooters, a BSF spokesman said...

US arms "flowing" into Pak to fight terror: Armitage.
October 2, 2004... Washington, Oct 2 (PTI) American arms are "flowing" into Pakistan to enable it to fight terror while the issue of supplying F-16 fighter planes to Islamabad is "still on the table," US Deputy Secretary of State Richard Armitage said. ...

US "heartened" by outcome of Singh-Musharraf meeting.
October 2, 2004... Washington, Oct 2 (PTI) The US has said that it was "heartened" by the outcome of the recent meeting between Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh and Pakistan President Pervez Musharraf in New York and hoped that the two countries would resolve...

Lyricist Javed Akhtar wins honours at first Sangeet Awards.
October 2, 2004... H S Rao London, Oct 2 (PTI) Noted Bollywood lyricist Javed Akhtar scored a hat-trick at the first Sangeet Awards ceremony held at the famous Royal Albert Hall here Friday night. At a glittering function attended by leading Bollywood...

Hu, Putin pledge to strengthen strategic ties.
October 2, 2004... Beijing, Oct 2 (PTI) Chinese President Hu Jintao and his Russian counterpart Vladimir Putin Saturday pledged to raise their strategic partnership to a new level so as to become a model of good-neighbourliness and cooperation for major powers....

G-24 demand greater voice in World Bank, IMF.
October 2, 2004... T V Parasuram Washington, Oct 2 (PTI) The Group of 24, representing developing countries, have demanded revision of quotas or shareholding to give them a "greater voice" in these institutions by basing it on Purchasing Power Parity and not...

Indians in Russia pay tribute to Bapu on Gandhi Jayanti.
October 2, 2004... Moscow, Oct 2 (PTI) Members of the Indian community led by Ambassador Kanwal Sibal Saturday paid floral tributes to the Father of the Nation Mahatma Gandhi on his 135th birth anniversary here. At a solemn ceremony at the Gandhi statue near...

Forex reserves go up by USD 410 million.
October 2, 2004... Mumbai, Oct 2 (PTI) India's foreign exchange reserves surged by US dollar 410 million during the week ending September 24 to touch USD 1,18,769 million, the Reserve Bank of India said. The foreign currency assets during the period were also...

18 more rockets found in scrap.
October 2, 2004... Ghaziabad, Oct 2 (PTI) Indian Army Saturday found 18 more rockets, raising to 43 the number of explosives detected in the scrap brought from Iran to a local factory where an explosion killed 10 people and injured 15 on Thursday. Army and...

PDP activist ahot dead in Pahalgam.
October 2, 2004... Srinagar, Oct 2 (PTI) Unidentified militants Saturday shot dead a ruling-People's Democratic Party activist in Pahalgam in south Kashmir, barely ten days ahead of the assembly polls in the constituency. Ghulam Mohiuddin Chichi, a PDP...

PM launches Lal Bahadur Shastri birth centenary celebrations.
October 2, 2004... New Delhi, Oct 2 (PTI) Prime Minister of India Manmohan Singh Saturday said Lal Bahadur Shastri exemplified sincerity of purpose and integrity in public life and these qualities are the need of the hour to steer the country through contentious...

Mumbai observes World Ocean Day.
October 2, 2004... Mumbai, Oct 2 (PTI) Thousands of school children Saturday began a "Ocean cleanup campaign" along the sea coast of western Indian city of Mumbai in a bid to raise awareness about the rich flora and fauna on the ocassion of the "World Oceans...

Eighteen killed, 100 injured in twin bomb blasts in Nagaland.
October 2, 2004... Kohima, Oct 2 (PTI) At least 18 people were killed and 100 others injured in two bomb blasts at the busy Dimapur railway station and the Hongkong market in India's northeastern state of Nagaland Saturday, police said. Sixteen people died...

Politicians come and go, sports will go on forever: Coe.
October 2, 2004... New Delhi, Oct 2 (PTI) British double Olympic champion Sebastian Coe Saturday said sports had a unifying ability and must not be used to meet cheap political ends. "I am always worried when sport is used in a way, in areas to do what the...

Rahul, Priyanka enjoying sojourn at Ranthambore.
October 2, 2004... Jaipur, Oct 2 (PTI) Congress MP Rahul Gandhi, his sister Priyanka, her husband Robert Vadra and some of their friends have come on a sojourn of the famous Ranthambore National Park in Bharatpur district in northern Indian state of Rajasthan....

Develop your school athletics, IAAF chief tells India.
October 2, 2004... New Delhi, Oct 2 (PTI) World athletics chief Lamine Diack Saturday exhorted India to develop athletics at the grassroot level, saying that was the only way the country of a billion people could make it big in the international arena. "You...

India Post completes 150 yr, Kalam to inaugurate yr-long celeb.
October 2, 2004... New Delhi, Oct 3 (PTI) President of India A P J Abdul Kalam will inaugurate the year-long celebrations of India Post Sunday on the completion of its 150th year in service. The event will be marked by a release of a set of four...

PM lauds economist Raj's contribution.
October 2, 2004... Thrissur, Oct 2 (PTI) Prime Minister of India Manmohan Singh Saturday lauded the services of noted economist Prof K N Raj, saying he was a scholar who believed that "economics is both about understanding and changing the real world." In a...

Gandhi statue unveiled in Bangladesh.
October 2, 2004... DHAKA, Oct 2 (PTI) A statue of Mahatma Gandhi was unveiled Saturday near the Bangladesh capital on the occasion of the 135th birth anniversary of India's Father of the Nation. The statue was unveiled by Indian High Commissioner to Bangladesh...

World Half Marathon in New Delhi on Sunday.
October 2, 2004... Biju Babu Cyriac New Delhi, Oct 2 (PTI) After Anju Bobby George put India on the world athletics map last year by winning a bronze medal in Paris, India will once again come under international spotlight when New Delhi hosts the elite IAAF...

Awesome aerobatics display during Air Force Day celebrations.
October 2, 2004... New Delhi, Oct 2 (PTI) Spectacular display of aerobatics by Russian-acquired SU-30 and nine Surya Kiran aircraft will climax the 72nd anniversary celebrations of the Indian Air Force on Ocotber eight. A total of 51 aircraft including...

Kalam launches TB seal campaign.
October 2, 2004... New Delhi, Oct 2 (PTI) President A P J Abdul Kalam Saturday inaugurated the 55th TB Seal Campaign of the Tuberculosis Association of India, an NGO working in the area of tuberculosis control, with the theme of "Incredible India". On the...

High-altitude mountain ranges experience season's Ist snowfall.
October 2, 2004... Srinagar, Oct 2 (PTI) The high-altitude mountain ranges in Kashmir valley experienced first snowfall of the season while plains were lashed with rains since Friday night, breaking a long dry spell and bringing down the temperatures appreciably,...

India, Nepal agree on joint efforts to check floods.
October 2, 2004... Shirish B Pradhan Kathmandu, Oct 2 (PTI) Nepal and India Saturday agreed to carry out "joint surveys" and take necessary steps to mitigate the inundation problems, which lead to devastating floods on both sides of the border. During the...

Musharraf elevates ISI Chief, Karachi Commander to top posts.
October 2, 2004... K J M Varma Islamabad, Oct 2 (PTI) Consolidating his hold on the military, Pakistan President Pervez Musharraf Saturday appointed Chief of the country's powerful spy agency ISI Gen Ahsanul Haq as Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of military staff...

Nation remembers Gandhi, Shastri.
October 2, 2004... New Delhi, Oct 2 (PTI) The Father of Nation Mahatma Gandhi was fondly remembered on his 135th birth anniversary Saturday with mass spinning and all-religion prayer meetings being organised across India recalling his preachings of non-violence,...