The Oil Daily articles from January 2003

The Oil Daily archives from January 2003

Oil Prices End '02 $11/bbl Above Year-Ago Level.(2001)
January 2, 2003... Oil prices extended losses in pre-holiday profit-taking on Tuesday but still managed to end 2002 more than $11 per barrel higher than it started the year thanks to a cocktail of geopolitical concerns in key oil producing regions and efforts by...

Analysts See Tight Gas Market for Two Years.(Jefferies & Co., 2003-2004)
January 2, 2003... Historically high prices will serve to ration US demand for natural gas over the next two years as supplies remain tight, investment bank Jefferies & Co. said in its latest quarterly update on the North American gas market. "Our reduced...

Producer Panhandle Royalty Top Stock Gainer; Petrobras Among Losers.
January 2, 2003... While oil futures hit new two-year highs last week, most energy stocks lost ground as equity markets drifted lower and natural gas futures slipped back below the $5 per million Btu threshold. Dawson Geophysical, a seismic services company...

Daily Oil & Gas Price Review.(Dec. 31, 2002)(Illustration)
January 2, 2003... Prices for Tuesday, December 31, 2002 Light Sweet Futures -- Prompt Month ($/barrel) 1st 5-Day 2nd 3rd Chg Month Avg. Month Month Nymex Light...

Heating Degree Days Table.(for week of Dec. 28, 2002)(Illustration)
January 2, 2003... Heating Degree Days Week Dev Cum Dev For week of From From From December 28, 2002 Week From Year...

Stock Market Scorecard.(petroleum companies, Dec. 31, 2002)(Illustration)
January 2, 2003... Stock Market Scorecard Close 1-Day. % Chg. Dec 31 Chg. % Chg. 10-Day 52-Wk YTD Integrated Majors Total Fina Elf 71.50 +1.18 ...

Iraq Lifts Crude Oil Exports.(Brief Article)
January 2, 2003... Iraqi crude oil exports in the week ended Dec. 27 came in at 14.3 million bbl, or 2.04 million b/d, just topping the 1.99 million b/d in the previous week, according to data released Tuesday from the United Nations. The Gulf port of Mina...

Magnum Hunter Gives '03 Guidance.(Magnum Hunter Resources on financial performance in 2003 )(Brief Article)
January 2, 2003... Independent exploration company Magnum Hunter Resources on Monday gave earnings guidance for the first quarter of 2003 and the full fiscal year. Irving, Texas-based Magnum Hunter said it expects to report earnings of 2cents/share in the...

Kerr-McGee to Take Q4 Charge.(financial results, 2002)(Brief Article)
January 2, 2003... Kerr-McGee said late Monday it will take an after-tax charge of about $385 million against fourth-quarter earnings, mostly due to the poorer-than-expected performance of an oil field in the North Sea. Oklahoma City-based Kerr-McGee said the...

Unocal Sets May Start for Field.(West Seno oil field production, offshore Indonesia; May 2003)(Brief Article)
January 2, 2003... Unocal said on Tuesday its major new Indonesian oil field West Seno would start production in May. "We expect the initial production from Phase 1 to be about 40,000 barrels per day and the production will peak during Phase II operation to...

Mirant Sells China Power Stake.(Brief Article)
January 2, 2003... US-based power company Mirant announced Tuesday that it has completed the sale of its 33% interest in the Shajiao C power plant in China to China Resources Power Holding Co. for $300 million. Proceeds from the sale increased Atlanta-based...

Brazil's Lula Picks Petrobras Chief.(President Luiz Inacio da Silva, Sen. Jose Eduardo Dutra)(Brief Article)
January 2, 2003... Brazil's new president, Luiz Inacio "Lula" da Silva, is expected to name Sen. Jose Eduardo Dutra to run state oil company Petrobras, according to local press reports. Lula was sworn in as president on Jan. 1. Dutra, who is a member of...

Cooper Buys Valve Maker.(Cooper Cameron, Nutron Industries)(Brief Article)
January 2, 2003... Oil services firm Cooper Cameron acquired Nutron Industries late Monday for approximately $50 million in cash. Nutron is a privately held valve manufacturer located in Edmonton, Canada. Nutron manufactures and sells a wide range of...

XTO Closes Colorado Gas Deal.(XTO Energy purchases J.M. Huber Corp.'s coalbed methane gas properties, Colorado)(Brief Article)
January 2, 2003... Natural gas producer XTO Energy has completed its previously announced acquisition of coalbed methane gas properties in southwestern Colorado from J. M. Huber Corp. of Edison, New Jersey, for $153.8 million. Fort Worth, Texas-based XTO's...

Seven Seas' Board Resigns.(Seven Seas Petroleum)(Brief Article)
January 2, 2003... Bankrupt exploration company Seven Seas Petroleum announced on Tuesday that R. Randolph Devening, Brian Egolf, Gary Fuller, Robert Hefner III, and Dr. James Schlesinger resigned from the company's board of directors. Larry Ray, president and...

Oil Market Roars Into 2003 Like a Lion.
January 3, 2003... Oil markets roared into 2003 like a lion, as the month-old Venezuelan political turmoil has pushed US fuel stocks to their lowest levels since the mid-1980s at a time that war in Iraq appears to be inching closer. Prompt light, sweet crude...

Oil Shares Beat Market in Tumultuous 2002.
January 3, 2003... In a year when it was tough to pick any winners in the equity market, oil and gas was not a bad place to be. While only a handful of top oil companies posted share price gains, the overall performance of the sector was strong compared to...

Venezuelan Gasoline Imports Lessen Pressure on President Chavez.
January 3, 2003... Fearful that gasoline shortages could trigger riots in an already politically volatile nation, Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez has put a higher priority on domestic fuel supply than on restoring crude oil exports. The usual exporter...

Russia Looks to US as Market for Its Growing Crude Production.
January 3, 2003... Yukos and other Russian oil companies want to increase crude exports to the US, the world's largest oil market, in order to find a home for their growing supplies. But Russia faces a pipeline capacity problem as production continues to...

Crude Trader Crown Resources Begins '03 With New Name, Owners.
January 3, 2003... In a major shakeout of old alliances, Swiss-registered trader Crown Resources, in disgrace after the sinking of the Crown-chartered Prestige oil tanker off Spain in November, has been reborn with a new name and new owners. The management...

Gas Futures Soar on Weather Forecasts, Positive Economic News.
January 3, 2003... Natural gas prices were off to the races today on a "perfect storm" of colder weather and positive economic news. On Thursday, the New York Mercantile Exchange (Nymex) natural gas futures contract for February delivery soared on a...

Democrats Might Challenge EPA's Change to Clean Air Rules.
January 3, 2003... Nine states have fired the first legal salvo against the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) overhaul of key clean air rules, and more battles may lie ahead if key Democrats play the environmental card to put the Bush administration in a...

Daily Oil & Gas Price Review.(Illustration)
January 3, 2003... Prices for Thursday, January 2, 2003 Light Sweet Futures -- Prompt Month ($/barrel) 1st 5-Day 2nd 3rd Chg Month Avg. Month Month Nymex Light...

EIA Weekly Statistics.(United States. Energy Information Administration)(Illustration)
January 3, 2003... Department of Energy Weekly Statistics For Week Ended December 27, 2002 Crude Oil: StocksCrude Oil: Production and Imports (millions of bbl)(Average, thousands of bbl) ...

Oil Daily Calendar.
January 3, 2003... January 16-17 -- Unconventional Gas Symposium, sponsored by The Canadian Institute, Delta Bow Valley Hotel, Calgary, Alberta. Information: (877) 927- 7936 20-22 -- Oil, Gas & Petrochem World, sponsored by Marcus Evans, The Pudong...

Stock Market Scorecard.(Illustration)
January 3, 2003... Stock Market Scorecard Close 1-Day. % Chg. Jan 02 Chg. % Chg. 10-Day 52-Wk YTD Integrated Majors Murphy Oil 44.09 +1.24 ...

Anadarko Starts Algerian Field.(Brief Article)
January 3, 2003... Anadarko confirmed earlier this week that production had started at a major oil field in southeastern Algeria at the end of November, ahead of schedule. The 1.2 billion bbl Ourhoud field is currently on its way to producing 75,000 b/d from...

Allegheny Sells Two Units.(Fellon-McCord and Associates Inc.)(Alliance Energy Services)(Brief Article)
January 3, 2003... US utility Allegheny Energy, to reduce its costs, said Thursday it sold two of its businesses to Baltimore-based Constellation Energy Group for an undisclosed sum. One of the units is Fellon-McCord & Associates, Allegheny's natural gas and...

JP Morgan Takes Enron Charge.(Brief Article)
January 3, 2003... JPMorgan Chase said Thursday it would take about $1.3 billion pretax in charges for litigation related to Enron and the global research settlement announced late last month. The New York-based bank said it would establish a $900 million...

Russia to Keep West Qurna Rights.(Brief Article)
January 3, 2003... In a further sign that its recent decision to terminate the West Qurna oil field development contract was aimed at punishing Russian oil company Lukoil and not Russia, Iraq has declared that the project is still assigned to Russia. Iraq's...

Williams Settles Calif. Claims.(Williams Companies Inc.)(Brief Article)
January 3, 2003... Williams said it closed a settlement resolving most of the outstanding litigation and civil claims related to natural gas and power markets with the states of California, Oregon, and Washington. The agreement also restructures Williams'...

Talisman Delays Sudan Sale.(Brief Article)
January 3, 2003... Canadian independent Talisman Energy's sale of its Sudanese operations to Indian oil firm ONGC has hit delays, the company said, predicting the sale will be completed by Jan. 31 rather than Dec. 31 as scheduled. "The delay is the result of...

Oil Brokers Join Forces.(Tullett Liberty Energy)(Starsupply Energy)(Starsupply Tullett Energy)(Brief Article)
January 3, 2003... Energy brokers Tullett Liberty Energy and Starsupply Energy merged their oil businesses in London and Singapore on Thursday. The new entity will be called Starsupply Tullett Energy. Starsupply will own 80% of the joint venture in London...

Former El Paso Exec Heads MN.(Paul Nelson)(Mazeikiu Nafta)(Brief Article)
January 3, 2003... Having finalized its takeover of Lithuania's national oil company Mazeikiu Nafta (MN), Russia's Yukos is continuing to shake up the company's management. MN's supervisory council and board of directors have appointed Paul Nelson English, a...

Oil Tops $33 As Opec Readies Extra Supplies.
January 6, 2003... Oil prices showed no signs of coming off the burner Friday as the continued cutoff of Venezuelan exports, forecasts for colder-than-normal weather in the US, and President Bush's rally cry to soldiers headed to the Mideast in the run up to a...

Global Crude Demand Shows Life at End of 2002.
January 6, 2003... For all the talk about impending military action in Iraq, it is political turmoil in Venezuela that is transforming global oil fundamentals right now, and prices have taken the bait. Well before the Jan. 1 implementation date of new Opec...

Temperature, Industrial Factors Leading US Gas Price Rebound.
January 6, 2003... Bullish weather forecasts and the idea that industrial demand is at last making a comeback have combined to breathe new life into a US gas market recently bogged down under mild temperatures and light demand. The dramatic turn in weather...

Labor Strike in Venezuela, Jump in Futures Values Stoke Rally in Domestic Spot Crude Market.
January 6, 2003... Spot crude differentials moved higher late last week, boosted by a large stockdraw in US supplies and a rally in the futures market, as the crisis in Venezuela raged on and entered its second month. Overall, however, trade of the US spot...

Futures Exchanges Set Records as Traders Look For Safe Bets.
January 6, 2003... Regulated exchanges were among the big winners of 2002, benefiting both from increased oil price volatility and a keener awareness of risk in the wake of Enron. London's International Petroleum Exchange (IPE) and the New York Mercantile...

What Would Happen to Oil Prices if War Broke Out in Iraq?
January 6, 2003... It is impossible to leave oil out of any strategic considerations involving the Middle East. And for a country like Iraq, with reserves second only to Saudi Arabia's, oil is hugely important. But the potential US-led war on Iraq is not an...

Daily Oil & Gas Price Review.(Illustration)
January 6, 2003... Prices for Friday, January 3, 2003 Light Sweet Futures -- Prompt Month ($/barrel) 1st 5-Day 2nd 3rd Chg Month Avg. Month Month Nymex Light...

EIA Gas Storage Report.(Brief Article)
January 6, 2003... Gas Storage Falls 123 Bcf Stocks of working natural gas in US storage facilities fell 123 Bcf for the week ended Dec. 27, leaving storage levels at 2,417 Bcf, according to the Energy Information Administration (EIA). The reduction left...

Canadian Gas Storage.(Brief Article)
January 6, 2003... Canadian Enerdata reported that the amount of natural gas in Canadian storage facilities fell 28.95 Bcf to 314.44 Bcf for the week ended Dec. 27. Storage caverns are 64.9% full, down from 70.9% full two weeks ago, and down from 89.6% full a...

Baker Hughes Drilling Report.(Brief Article)
January 6, 2003... US Rig Count Falls 25 The number of rigs searching for oil and gas in the US fell by 25 to 837 for the week ended Jan. 3, according to Baker Hughes. A year ago there were 883. The number of rigs searching for oil fell by 9 to 127, and...

Stock Market Scorecard.(Illustration)
January 6, 2003... Stock Market Scorecard Close 1-Day. % Chg. Jan 03 Chg. % Chg. 10-Day 52-Wk YTD Integrated Majors ChevronTexaco 68.34 +0.52 ...

Rodriguez: Citgo Not for Sale.(Ali Rodriguez)(CITGO Petroleum Corp.)(Brief Article)
January 6, 2003... "Citgo is not for sale," Ali Rodriguez, president of parent company Petroleos de Venezuela (PDV), said Friday. Rodriguez was seeking to put to rest Venezuelan media reports that said Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez and Nigerian President...

Parker Sees Wider Q4 Loss.(Parker Drilling Co.)(Brief Article)
January 6, 2003... Parker Drilling warned that its fourth-quarter loss would be wider than previously expected due to slow drilling activity. Houston-based Parker said it expects to report a fourth- quarter loss of 10cents-12cents/share, compared with the...

Chevron Ups Nigeria Output.(ChevronTexaco Corp.)(Brief Article)
January 6, 2003... ChevronTexaco said Friday its December crude oil production in Nigeria averaged 425,000 b/d, up 10% from output levels at the end of October, a company spokesman told Reuters. The current production level is a large increase from the...

Senator Named Head of Petrobras.(Jose Eduardo Dutra)(Brief Article)
January 6, 2003... Brazil's President Luiz Inacio "Lula" da Silva has appointed Sen. Jose Eduardo Dutra, a trained geologist and former union leader from the Workers' Party, to head state oil giant Petrobras. The decision came after the administrative council...

Peru 2002 Production Dipped.(Brief Article)
January 6, 2003... Peru produced an average of 96,865 b/d of crude oil in 2002, down 0.2% from an average of 97,097 b/d in 2001, the government said Friday. Total oil output in 2002 was flat compared with the previous year at 35.4 million bbl, state oil...

Duke Gets Good Legal News.(Duke Energy Corp.)
January 6, 2003... Duke Energy announced late last week the favorable outcome of two recent legal matters related to its energy trading business. The US District Court for the Southern District of New York issued an order on Dec. 26 granting Duke's request...

EnCana Sells Stake in Cold Lake.(Inter Pipeline Fund)(Brief Article)
January 6, 2003... EnCana has closed the sale of its 70% indirect interest in the Cold Lake Pipeline System to Inter Pipeline Fund for about C$425 million (US$271 million). As a result, Inter Pipeline increases its interest in the Cold Lake system to 85%...

Oneok Closes Southern Union Deal.(ONEOK Inc.)(Southern Union Gas)(Brief Article)
January 6, 2003... Southern Union announced Friday the close of the sale of Southern Union Gas, its Austin-based natural gas operating division, and other related assets to Oneok for about $420 million in cash. Related assets also sold to Oneok include Supro...

Tesco CFO to Retire.(Martin Hall)(Brief Article)
January 6, 2003... Upstream services company Tesco said Jan. 2 that its chief financial officer, Martin Hall, will retire in April. He has served as CFO since April 1994, and will provide Tesco with consulting services during the transition period. ...

El Paso EVP Leaves.(Ralph Eads)(Brief Article)
January 6, 2003... El Paso announced Friday that Ralph Eads, executive vice president, left the company effective at the end of December to pursue other opportunities. Eads, who joined the company in 1999, was responsible for the company's power, petroleum,...

Correction.
January 6, 2003... In the Jan. 3 issue, it was reported that Brent crude futures on the International Petroleum Exchange closed up 73cents to $29.43/bbl. Brent crude actually closed up 77cents to $29.43/bbl. Copyright Today's complete oil and gas news...

Oil Slumps as Opec Ready to Boost Output.(oil prices)
January 8, 2003... Oil prices slumped by more than $1 per barrel Tuesday as Opec members geared up to unleash at least 1.5 million barrels per day of crude onto a market that has been starved of more than 2 million b/d of Venezuelan supplies for five weeks. ...

Saddam Names New Iraqi Oil Minister.(Samir Abdul Aziz al-Najm)
January 8, 2003... In a surprise move Tuesday, Iraqi President Saddam Hussein removed long-standing Oil Minister Amer Rashid on the grounds that he had reached retirement age, and appointed a close ally, Samir Abdul Aziz al-Najm, as acting minister. The move...

UK Calls Up Reservists.(Brief Article)
January 8, 2003... The UK on Tuesday issued orders to enable the call-up of army reservists for possible military operations against Iraq. Defense Minister Geoff Hoon said about 1,500 reservists would be initially mobilized but more would be called up if...

Domestic Spot Crude Values Show Strength on Venezuelan Strike.
January 8, 2003... The 37-day-old labor strike in Venezuela, and the subsequent trickle of oil shipments leaving the country, continues to boost US spot crude values, as traders scramble for available barrels. The lack of Venezuelan barrels has traders...

Chavez Proposes Splitting PDV In Two For More Control.(President Hugo Chavez, Petroleos de Venezuela)
January 8, 2003... When officials of state oil company Petroleos de Venezuela (PDV) announced a restructuring of the company in June 2000, they were careful to say that "no jobs will be lost" as a result of incorporating its service division into operating units....

Resurgent Dynegy Projects Profit for 2003, Stock Rises Sharply.
January 8, 2003... Dynegy is beginning to look much more like a survivor than the bankruptcy candidate it clearly was only a couple of months ago. The former energy trading giant, now an asset-based electricity generator and distributor and natural gas...

Key Republicans Jockey For Chair of House Resources Panel.
January 8, 2003... Rep. Barbara Cubin (R-Wyo.), a proponent of increasing domestic energy production and providing easy access to natural resources on federal lands, is vying for the coveted chair of the House Resources Committee. But the pro- development...

S&P Sees Bright Future Ahead For Atlantic LNG Development.(Standard & Poor's, liquefied natural gas)
January 8, 2003... A further confirmation of liquefied natural gas' (LNG) rising star came from credit rating agency Standard & Poor's (S&P) last week, which gave its official blessings to the many LNG infrastructure projects under development in North America...

California Lawmakers Fret Over Ruling Voiding Coastal Panel.(California Coastal Commission)
January 8, 2003... California state lawmakers are scrambling to decipher last week's court ruling that declared the California Coastal Commission as unconstitutional for fear it provides the Bush administration with a new opportunity to allow oil companies to...

No Quick Resolution Seen in Portland General Electric Case.
January 8, 2003... Bureaucratic snafus are stymieing a quick resolution of the standards-of-conduct case against Enron and electric utility Portland General Electric (PGE), a Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) staff attorney said during a pre-trial...

Daily Oil & Gas Price Review.(Illustration)
January 8, 2003... Prices for Tuesday, January 7, 2003 Light Sweet Futures -- Prompt Month ($/barrel) 1st 5-Day 2nd 3rd Chg Month Avg. Month Month Nymex Light...

Stock Market Scorecard.(various oil, gas companies)(Illustration)
January 8, 2003... Stock Market Scorecard Close 1-Day. % Chg. Jan 07 Chg. % Chg. 10-Day 52-Wk YTD Integrated Majors ChevronTexaco 68.45 -1.45 ...

Synsorb to Convert to Oil & Gas.(Synsorb Biotech)(Brief Article)
January 8, 2003... A group led by former PanCanadian Energy head David Tuer plans to transform drug researcher Synsorb Biotech into an oil and gas company. Calgary, Alberta-based Synsorb said late Monday that Tuer has been appointed chairman and chief...

NCE Buys Alberta Gas Assets.(NCE Petrofund buys from ATCO Gas)(Brief Article)
January 8, 2003... Calgary-based royalty trust NCE Petrofund has closed the purchase of gas producing properties in Fort Saskatchewan and Beaverhill Lake, Alberta, from ATCO Gas, for C$31.5 million ($20.2 million). The properties are located approximately 20...

Petroecuador Ups Estimates.(Brief Article)
January 8, 2003... The output of Ecuador's state oil company hit its lowest level in at least a decade last year after costly exploration projects failed, leading the country to miss its annual production goals. Petroecuador produced just 223,200 barrels of...

Argentina Questions Perez Sale.(Perez Companc sale to Petrobras)(Brief Article)
January 8, 2003... Argentine President Eduardo Duhalde said Tuesday his government has "serious doubts" over certain aspects of last year's $1 billion sale of energy giant Perez Companc to Brazil's Petrobras. Without giving any more details, Duhalde said he...

Valero LP Buys Calif. Assets.(from Telfer Oil)(Brief Article)
January 8, 2003... Pipeline operator Valero LP, a subsidiary of Valero Energy, has purchased an asphalt terminal and storage facility near Benicia, California, for $15.0 million from Telfer Oil, a regional asphalt marketer. The terminal and storage...

US Firm Buys BP Unit Sericol.(Saratoga Partners)(Brief Article)
January 8, 2003... British oil firm BP said Tuesday it would sell Sericol, the specialty printing chemicals business of Burmah Castrol, to US-based investment firm Saratoga Partners for $120 million cash and assumed debt. A BP statement said the sale should...

Speculators Cut Long Positions.(Brief Article)
January 8, 2003... Crude oil speculators on the New York Mercantile Exchange decreased net long positions during the week ended Dec. 31, while products speculators boosted theirs, the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) said Monday. The CFTC's weekly...

Pump Prices Rise for 4th Week.(Brief Article)
January 8, 2003... US retail gas prices rose to their highest levels since early October as the Venezuelan strike and possible military action in Iraq lifted gas prices for the fourth straight week, the Energy Department said. The latest pump price in the...

Venezuelan Crude Trickles Into US Gulf.
January 9, 2003... The 39-day-old strike in Venezuela has crippled oil exports, but US government data and shipping sources indicate that some Venezuelan crude is trickling through to US Gulf installations. Analysts warn, however, that despite this week's crude...

ConocoPhillips to Take Big Charge Ahead of Asset Sales.
January 9, 2003... ConocoPhillips provided a sneak preview of its fourth- quarter results Wednesday that offered few surprises -- with the exception of some non-cash impairment charges that could reduce net income by $1.3 billon. But Wall Street analysts...

Bearish Inventory Data Pushes Crude Down for Third Straight Day.
January 9, 2003... Oil prices plunged for a third consecutive day on Wednesday due to bearish inventory data and in anticipation of Opec's emergency meeting in Vienna this weekend. After crude prices plunged more than $1 in early morning trading in New York,...

Inventories Down 50 Million Barrels Due to Veneuzuela Strike.
January 9, 2003... The 38-day strike in Venezuela, crippling production and shipments from the world's fifth largest oil exporter, is responsible for removing about 50 million barrels of oil from world inventories, the US government said Wednesday. ...

How Much Extra Oil Could Opec, Others Pump to Meet Shortfall?
January 9, 2003... How much crude oil can Opec and others add to the market to compensate for the loss of nearly 2 million barrels per day of Venezuelan crude? The market may be about to find out. An emergency meeting of Opec ministers is scheduled Sunday to...

Democrats Embrace Legislation to Curb Climate Change as a Priority.
January 9, 2003... The new Senate Republican leadership on Wednesday touted passage of an energy bill as one of its top five priorities in the 108th Congress, putting energy policy reform back on track after it was derailed last year by partisan differences....

Iraq Cranks Up Output, Exports -- While It Still Can.
January 9, 2003... Facing an increasingly certain US invasion, Iraq is cranking up crude oil production to some 2.75 million barrels per day this month, up from 2.25 million b/d in December, and customers -- both legal and illegal -- are gobbling it up. ...

Iraqi Exiles Draw Up Plan for Oil Sector in Post-Saddam Era.
January 9, 2003... Iraqi oil experts and engineers, who met in Washington in December under the auspices of the US State Department, are drawing up a document with their vision of the oil and gas industry in a post-Saddam Iraq. The proposal will be presented...