Biotech Week articles from November 2008

Biotech Week archives from November 2008

Can exercise prevent a severe stroke?
November 5, 2008... A new study shows that people who are physically active before suffering a stroke may have less severe problems as a result and recover better compared to those who did not exercise before having a stroke. The research is published in the...

Education protects against pre-Alzheimer's memory loss.
November 5, 2008... People with more education and more mentally demanding occupations may have protection against the memory loss that precedes Alzheimer's disease, according to a study published in the October 21, 2008, issue of Neurology[R], the medical journal...

Socioeconomic and treatment factors affect non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients' survival.
November 5, 2008... Socioeconomic factors and the type of treatment received have an impact on a non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) patient's risk of dying. That is the finding of a new study published in the December 1, 2008 issue of CANCER, a peer-reviewed journal of...

AGA releases evidence-based GERD guidelines.
November 5, 2008... Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the most common gastrointestinal conditions seen in GI and primary care clinics, however physicians who treat the disease primarily rely on empirical trials of medications and their own...

Mercury pollution causes immune damage to harbor seals.(Report)
November 5, 2008... Methylmercury (MeHg), the predominant form of mercury found in the blood of marine mammals and fish-eating communities, could be more damaging to seals than has previously been thought. Research published in BioMed Central's open access journal...

Different psychosocial factors predict adoption, maintenance of physical activity program.
November 5, 2008... The health benefits of regular physical activity are well documented, yet only 32 percent of adults in the United States engage in regular exercise. Now a new study by researchers at The Miriam Hospital offers some new insight into the role of...

Microwave ovens need added safety controls.
November 5, 2008... Microwave ovens should be equipped with safety controls to prevent children from opening them and being burned by hot foods and drinks, according to a study published by University of Chicago Medical Center researchers in the October 2008 issue...

Research finds customers' fixation on minimum payments drives up credit card bills.(Report)
November 5, 2008... New research by the University of Warwick reveals that many credit card customers become fixated on the level of minimum payments given on credit card bills. The mere presence of a minimum payment is enough to reduce the actual amount many...

Applied Biosystems Reports Fiscal 2009 First Quarter Results.(Financial report)
November 5, 2008... Applied Biosystems Inc. (NYSE: ABI) reported net revenues of $533.1 million for the first quarter of fiscal 2009, an increase of over 6% compared to the prior year quarter of $501.2 million. The net effect of foreign currency on net revenues...

Scientific Papers on Microvolt T-Wave Alternans Accepted for Publication in Supplement to Heart Rhythm Society Journal.
November 5, 2008... Cambridge Heart, Inc. (OTCBB-CAMH), announced that four scientific papers addressing Microvolt T-Wave Alternans (MTWA) technology as a predictor of arrhythmic events and a means of stratifying a patient's risk of sudden cardiac death have been...

Lilly Reports Third-Quarter Results.(Financial report)
November 5, 2008... Eli Lilly and Company (NYSE:LLY) announced financial results for the third quarter of 2008 (see also Eli Lilly and Company). Due to significant strategic actions taken by the company in 2008, financial results are presented on both a...

NanoPacific Holdings, Inc. Announces Two New Exclusive Licensed Technologies Invented at UCLA - Nanoemulsions and Polypeptides.
November 5, 2008... As part of its strategic plan, NanoPacific Holdings, Inc. (NPH) has executed two additional licenses with UCLA for nanoemulsons (including double nanoemulsions) and polypeptides. These nano technologies are highly adaptable and may be used in a...

Cephalon and Eurand Announce Notification of Generic Filing for Cyclobenzaprine Hydrochloride Extended-Release Capsules.
November 5, 2008... Cephalon, Inc. (NASDAQ:CEPH) and Eurand NV (NASDAQ:EURX) announced receipt of a Paragraph IV Certification Notice Letter on October 20, 2008 regarding an Abbreviated New Drug Application (ANDA) submitted to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration...

Redpoint Bio Researchers Develop Method of Measuring and Classifying Bitterness in a Broad Range of Orally Aversive Pharmaceuticals.
November 5, 2008... Scientists at Redpoint Bio Corporation (OTCBB: RPBC) have developed a quantitative method to measure and classify the bitter or bad taste of frequently used medicines. The work points to approaches that have the potential to reduce or eliminate...

Examine the Challenges and Opportunities for the Cigarettes & Tobacco Market as Companies Focus on Developing Markets as Demand Falls in Developed Countries.
November 5, 2008... Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/bb76c4/cigarettes_tobac) has announced the addition of the "Cigarettes & Tobacco Market Report 2008" report to their offering (see also Research and Markets Ltd.). According...

The Pharmacies & Drug Stores Industry Report, Published Annually, Contains Timely and Accurate Industry Statistics, Forecasts and Demographics.(Report)
November 5, 2008... Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/797ba7/2009_u_s_pharmaci) has announced the addition of the "2009 U.S. Pharmacies & Drug Stores Industry Report" report to their offering (see also Research and Markets Ltd.)....

Resverlogix Advances to Second Arm of Phase 1b/2a Clinical Trial.
November 5, 2008... Resverlogix Corp. ("Resverlogix") (TSX:RVX) announced that the ongoing double blind placebo controlled Phase 1b/2a study in subjects with normal and low HDL is progressing as planned. The subjects in the first group receiving a low dose of...

Seeger Weiss Named to National Law Journal's Plaintiffs' Hot List.
November 5, 2008... Reflecting its stature among the country's top plaintiffs' advocates, law firm Seeger Weiss has been named to the National Law Journal's Plaintiffs' Hot List for the second year in a row (see also Seeger Weiss). The NLJ Hot List is the...

Sucampo Europe Presents Long-Term Safety and Efficacy Data of Lubiprostone in Chronic Idiopathic Constipation.
November 5, 2008... Sucampo Pharma Europe, Ltd., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Sucampo Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (NASDAQ: SCMP), announced the results from three open-labeled, long-term (6 and 12 months) clinical trials of lubiprostone (AMITIZA(R)). These trials were...

The Garden City Group, Inc. Expands Capabilities.
November 5, 2008... Jeffrey N. Leibell, Esq., CPA, and Kay E. Sickles, Esq. have joined The Garden City Group, Inc. (GCG) the recognized leader in class action administration, legal notification programs and Chapter 11 business reorganization. Leibell, a...

Dr. Bryan Bledsoe Named a "Hero of Health and Fitness" by Men's Health Magazine.
November 5, 2008... Bryan Bledsoe, D.O., F.A.C.E.P., a Clinical Professor of Emergency Medicine at the University of Nevada School of Medicine, has been named one of "Twenty Heroes of Health and Fitness" by Men's Health magazine. The article is the cover story in...

Trans-Orient Petroleum Provides Clarification on Press Reports Relating to the Company's Independent Resource Assessment.(Correction notice)
November 5, 2008... Trans-Orient Petroleum Ltd. (OTCBB: TOPLF) would like to clarify certain matters reported in the press relating to its announcement on October 21, 2008, concerning the independent assessment of the resource potential of the Company's permits...

Study Finds Lack of Sleep, Excessive Computer Screen Time, Stress and More Hurt College Students' Grades.
November 5, 2008... Lack of sleep, excessive television/computer screen time, stress, gambling, alcohol and tobacco use and other health-related issues are taking a toll on college students' academic performance, according to a study released by the University of...

Research from Royal Adelaide Hospital broadens understanding of acid reflux disease.
November 5, 2008... "Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) is caused by disordered control of the gastro-oesophageal reflux barrier, comprised internally of the lower oesophageal sphincter (LOS) and externally the crural diaphragm (CD). Both relax briefly to...

Research reports from C. Loesche and co-authors provide new insights into acne vulgaris.
November 5, 2008... "International guidelines recommend the combination of retinoids (e.g. adapalene, tazarotene) and benzoyl peroxide for treating acne because of their complementary mechanisms of action. A new fixed-dose combination gel of adapalene 0.1% and...

Studies in the area of actinic keratosis reported from Pennsylvania State University.
November 5, 2008... "Distinguishing lentigo maligna from solar lentigo, and pigmented actinic keratosis can sometimes be problematic. Melan-A is an immunohistochemical marker which that can be helpful in decorating the melanocytes of pigmented lesions,"...

Researchers at Medical University of South Carolina publish new data on addiction medicine.
November 5, 2008... 'NMDA-dependent plasticity in VTA dopamine neurons has been hypothesized to be an important first step in the development of long-term changes in the brain reward circuitry that underlie addiction. Two papers from Zweifel et al. and Engblom et...

Research on addictive behavior reported by scientists at University of Washington.
November 5, 2008... "A single exposure to drugs of abuse produces an NMDA receptor (NMDAR)-dependent long-term potentiation (LTP) of AMPA receptor (AMPAR) currents in DA neurons; however, the importance of LTP for various aspects of drug addiction is unclear. To...

Reports from University of Pittsburgh add new data to research in adverse drug reactions.
November 5, 2008... "Emergency medical services (EMS) provide care to acutely ill or injured patients in settings less controlled than other health care environments. Although reports describing individual EMS adverse events exist, few broader descriptions exist,"...

Research from National Taiwan University has provided new data on adverse drug reactions.(Clinical report)
November 5, 2008... "Nalbuphine, a mixed agonist-antagonist opioid, has a potential to attenuate the mu-opioid effects and to enhance the kappa-opioid effects. However, when morphine and nalbuphine are mixed together, the clinical interactions in different...

Reports outline afibrinogenemia research from Kyushu University.
November 5, 2008... According to a study from Fukuoka, Japan, "Without fibrinogen replacement, pregnancies in patients with congenital afibrinogenemia end in miscarriage between 6 and 8 weeks of gestation. Studies in animal models suggest that disturbance of the...

Findings from J. Endrass and co-researchers advance knowledge in aggression.
November 5, 2008... According to a study from Zurich, Switzerland, "Research conducted with forensic psychiatric patients found moderate correlations between violence in institutions and psychopathy. It is unclear though, whether the PCL-R is an accurate...

New aging research from P.U. Giacomoni and colleagues discussed.
November 5, 2008... According to recent research published in the journal Clinics in Dermatology, "Aging is a mltifactorial process defined as the accumulation of damage. The aging of the skin is characterized by specific clinical end points, the cause of which is...

New aging study findings have been published by O. Mazor and colleagues.
November 5, 2008... According to recent research from Ness Ziona, Israel, "The high reactivity of cholinesterases (ChEs) toward organophosphorus (OP) compounds has led to propose recombinant ChEs as bioscavengers of nerve agents. The bioscavenging potential of...

New research on aging from Rush University summarized.
November 5, 2008... "With the increasing aging Population and technology advances, Occupational therapists and other healthcare professionals are uniquely positioned to examine how changes associated with aging and environmental factors Support or constrain the...

Studies from University of Florence add new findings in the area of aging.
November 5, 2008... "Yawning is related to sleep/wake transitions and time of day, probably reflecting the time course of sleepiness. As aging modifies sleep-wake and sleepiness rhythms, we suppose that yawning frequency and its time course vary as a function of...

Data on alcoholism discussed by researchers at University of Queensland.(Report)
November 5, 2008... "Alcoholism is associated with shrinkage of brain tissue and reduction in the number of neurons and dendritic arbors particularly in the prefrontal cortex. These changes correlate with the cognitive defects common in alcoholics," scientists in...

Findings from C. Choquet and co-authors provide new insights into alcoholism.(Clinical report)
November 5, 2008... " To determine the frequency of early seizure recurrence (ESR) and to evaluate predictors of ESR among patients attending the Emergency Department (ED) for seizure. Prospective observational 12-month study in two Paris metropolitan area EDs...

Reports from B.J. Mason and co-researchers add new data to research in alcoholism.(Report)
November 5, 2008... According to recent research published in the journal Psychopharmacology, " Laboratory paradigms are useful for investigating mechanisms of human alcohol cue reactivity in a highly controlled environment. A number of studies have examined the...

Reports outline alcoholism study results from D. Breitmeier et al.
November 5, 2008... According to recent research published in the journal Alcoholism - Clinical and Experimental Research, "Polymorphonuclear, neutrophil granulocytes (PMN) play a major role in the control of infections, and people who abuse alcohol are...

Research from Vanderbilt University, Medical Department in the area of alcoholism published.
November 5, 2008... According to recent research from the United States, "Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) members represent an important and relatively understudied population for improving our understanding of alcohol dependence recovery as over 1 million Americans...

Studies from National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism provide new data on alcoholism.(Report)
November 5, 2008... " There is compelling support for the contribution of dopamine and the D1R-like (D1R, D5R) receptor subfamily to the behavioral and neural effects of psychostimulant drugs of abuse. The relative roles of D1R and D5R subtypes in mediating these...

Research results from D.A. Fairhurst and colleagues update understanding of allergic contact dermatitis.(Report)
November 5, 2008... " There are few studies comparing the incidence of allergic contact dermatitis among different racial groups living within the same community. Objectives The objectives of this study were to compare white European patients with Fitzpatrick's...

New allergies study findings have been reported from U. Jappe et al.(Clinical report)
November 5, 2008... " Rosacea is a relatively common inflammatory skin disease of unknown prevalence. The proportion of contact allergy complicating rosacea and its therapy, respectively, is largely unknown," investigators in Langen, Germany report (see also...

Reports from University of Freiburg advance knowledge in allergies.(Report)
November 5, 2008... "Sesquiterpene lactones (SL), secondary plant metabolites from flowerheads of Arnica, exert anti-inflammatory effects mainly by preventing nuclear factor (NF)-kappa B activation because of alkylation of the p65 subunit. Despite its known...

Research from University of Paris provides new data about allergies.(Clinical report)
November 5, 2008... According to recent research published in the journal Lancet, " A close relation between asthma and allergic rhinitis has been reported by several epidemiological and clinical studies. However, the nature of this relation remains unclear." ...

New Alzheimer disease study results from M. Balcells et al described.(Report)
November 5, 2008... According to a study from the United States, "Amyloid beta (A beta), a peptide family produced and deposited in neurons and endothelial cells (EC), is found at subnanomolar concentrations in the plasma of healthy individuals. Simple...

Reports by O. Camara and co-researchers describe recent advances in Alzheimer disease.
November 5, 2008... According to recent research from London, the United Kingdom, "The evaluation of atrophy quantification methods based on magnetic resonance imaging have been usually hindered by the lack of realistic gold standard data against which to judge...

Research from L.H. Zhang and co-researchers in the area of Alzheimer disease described.
November 5, 2008... "The pathological key features of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are beta-amyloid peptide (A beta)-containing senile plaques (SP) and neurofibrillary tangles. Previous studies have suggested that an extracellular elevation of the zinc concentration...

Studies from E. Gorus et al further understanding of Alzheimer disease.(Report)
November 5, 2008... "This study evaluated whether reaction times (RT) and performance variability are potential markers for the early detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Cognitively healthy elderly (n = 2 18), persons with amnestic MCI (a-MCI) (n = 29) and...

Study data from Tohoku University provide new insights into Alzheimer disease.
November 5, 2008... "Increasing evidence suggests that the elevation of beta-amyloid (A beta) peptides in the brain is central to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Our recent studies have demonstrated that nobiletin, a polymethoxylated flavone from...

Findings from Prince of Wales Hospital advance knowledge in ambulatory surgery.
November 5, 2008... According to recent research from Hong Kong, People's Republic of China, "This paper is a report of a study to examine nurses' perceptions of the importance of providing preoperative information to ambulatory surgical patients, and factors that...

Research from Florida State University, Medical Department has provided new information about ambulatory surgery.
November 5, 2008... In this recent report, researchers in the United States conducted a study "To compare quality outcomes from surgical procedures performed at freestanding ambulatory surgery centers (ASCs) and hospital-based outpatient departments (HOPDs)....

Data on amnesia described by S. Prabhakar et al.(Report)
November 5, 2008... According to recent research from Chandigarh, India, " As Benzodiazepines are known to produce amnesia by involvement of the GABAergic system, we examined Bacopa monniera, an herb known for memory enhancement for reversal of memory deficits...

Study results from University of Oxford update understanding of amnesia.
November 5, 2008... According to a study from Oxford, the United Kingdom, "The relationship between anterograde and retrograde amnesia remains unclear. Previous data from both clinical neuropsychology and monkey lesion studies suggest that damage to discrete...

New findings from P. Perettiwatel and co-authors in the area of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis published.
November 5, 2008... According to a study from Marseille, France, "In France, a recent law emphasizes patient rights and prohibits unwanted therapies in end-of-life care. As end-of-life home care is increasing, we aimed to assess French district nurses' attitudes...

Data on analgesics described by researchers at University of Massachusetts.(Report)
November 5, 2008... According to recent research from the United States, "Access to prescription opioid analgesics has made Internet pharmacies the object of increased regulatory scrutiny, but the effectiveness of regulatory changes in curtailing availability of...

Reports outline anesthesia study results from Tel-Aviv University.
November 5, 2008... According to recent research published in the journal Medical Science Monitor, "The threat of a mass casualty unconventional attack has challenged the medical community to devise means for providing rapid and reliable emergent airway control...

Studies from Isfahan University update current data on anesthesia.(Clinical report)
November 5, 2008... "Regional anaesthesia, like general anaesthesia, influences the thermoregulatory process. The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy of low-dose prophylactic midazolam with that of placebo, ketamine, and a combination of ketamine...

New aneurysm research has been reported by A. Derom et al.
November 5, 2008... According to a study from Netherlands, "Pseudo-aneurysms of the subclavian artery remain a rare complication after fracture of the clavicle. Nerve compression has been described with delayed paralysis as a consequence." "We report a case...

New angiography study findings reported from Seoul National University.
November 5, 2008... According to recent research from South Korea, "The deep inferior epigastric artery perforator is reliable and widely used in breast reconstruction. The anatomy and course of deep inferior epigastric vessels and their branches are relatively...

Research in the area of angiography reported from University of Basel.
November 5, 2008... According to a study from Basel, Switzerland, "Total-body contrast-enhanced MRA (CE-MRA) provides information of the entire vascular system according to a one-stop-shop approach. Short, wide-bore scanners have not yet been used for total-body...

Data on angiology detailed by researchers at Addenbrooke's Hospital.(Report)
November 5, 2008... "Carotid body tumours are rare lesions which are familial in 10 per cent of cases. In this paper, we demonstrate the clinical applicability of predictive genetic testing for familial carotid body tumours," researchers in Cambridge, the United...

New angiology research from University of Hong Kong described.(Report)
November 5, 2008... According to a study from Hong Kong, People's Republic of China, "The structure and function of the carotid body are greatly altered during chronic hypoxia. Recent studies showed the expression of interleukin (IL)-1 receptor and IL-6 receptor...

Reports from M.A.P. Janssens et al highlight recent research in angiology.(Report)
November 5, 2008... According to recent research from Antwerp, Belgium, "Jaw claudication is mostly described as a symptom of giant cell arteritis. However it can also occur in presence of severe bilateral external carotid artery stenosis." "Report : An...

Research from Massachusetts General Hospital reveals new findings on angiology.
November 5, 2008... "The rate of blunt vertebral artery (BVI) has increased in institutions using aggressive screening protocols. It is unclear whether earlier diagnosis and therapy have improved outcomes," researchers in the United States report (see also...

Research from University of Louvain in the area of angiology published.
November 5, 2008... "Among the clinically relevant congenital coronary malformations, origin from the wrong aortic sinus seems to be the most common in young trained athletes who die suddenly," scientists in Brussels, Belgium report (see also Angiology). "The...

Study findings from University Hospital broaden understanding of angiology.
November 5, 2008... According to recent research from Bern, Switzerland, "In the era of evidence based medicine, proof of clinical benefits and cost-effectiveness need to be firmly based on transparent comparisons between various therapeutic alternatives." ...

Study results from A. Eryilmaz et al provide new insights into angiology.
November 5, 2008... In this recent report, researchers in Ankara, Turkey conducted a study "To draw attention to the possibility of ail aberrant internal carotid artery behind ail intact tympanic membrane presenting as a middle-ear mass. A 48-year-old female...

New research on angioplasty from University of Cologne summarized.
November 5, 2008... "This paper reports on the early and midterm results of endovascular treatment of acute carotid artery dissections, its specific problems, and its limitations. We encountered seven patients with symptomatic extracranial carotid artery...

Research data from M.E. Charlson and colleagues update understanding of angioplasty.(Report)
November 5, 2008... According to recent research from the United States, "Patients who have undergone angioplasty experience difficulty modifying at-risk behaviors for subsequent cardiac events. The purpose of this study was to test whether an innovative approach...

Study data from University Hospital update knowledge of angioplasty.(Report)
November 5, 2008... " The purpose of this study was to compare procedural outcome of rapid-exchange (RX) monorail versus conventional over-the-wire (OTW) technique for femoropopliteal angioplasty. Materials and Methods Demographic data, procedure details,...

Findings from J.H. Wu et al in angiotensins reported.
November 5, 2008... According to recent research published in the European Journal of Pharmacology, "The pharmacologic profile of Ib, 5-n-butyl-4-[4-[2-(1H-tetrazole-5-yl)-1H-pyrrol-1-yl]phenylmethyl)-2,4-dihydro-2-(2,6-dichloridephenyt)-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one, a...

New angiotensins data have been reported by scientists at Northwestern University, Medical Department.
November 5, 2008... "Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is an enzymatically active homologue of angiotensin-converting enzyme that degrades angiotensin I, angiotensin II, and other peptides," scientists in the United States report (see also Angiotensins). ...

New angiotensins study results reported from Monash University.(Report)
November 5, 2008... According to recent research published in the journal Hypertension, "The renin-angiotensin system is a far more complex enzymatic cascade than realized previously. Mounting evidence suggests sex-specific differences in the regulation of the...

Reports from University of Mississippi Medical Center describe recent advances in angiotensins.(Report)
November 5, 2008... "The main goal of this study was to determine whether kidney-specific induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) can prevent the development of angiotensin (Ang) II-dependent hypertension. To test this hypothesis, intrarenal medullary interstitial...

University of North Carolina publishes research in angiotensins.(Report)
November 5, 2008... According to recent research from the United States, "Previous reports have indicated that in vitro biliary clearance (Cl biliary) determined in sandwich-cultured hepatocytes correlates well with in vivo Cl biliary for limited sets of...

Data on anti-infectives reported by researchers at University of Salamanca.(Report)
November 5, 2008... "Erythrocyte-encapsulated antibiotics have the potential to provide an effective therapy against intracellular pathogens. The advantages over the administration of free antibiotics include a lower systemic dose, decreased toxicity, a sustained...

Research results from A. Lismond and co-authors update knowledge of anti-infectives.
November 5, 2008... "Antibiotic efflux is observed in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells, modulating accumulation and resistance. The present study examines whether eukaryotic and prokaryotic fluoroquinolone transporters can cooperate in the context of an...

Data on antibiotics published by researchers at Oregon State University.
November 5, 2008... According to recent research from the United States, "Two Indonesian Streptomyces strains, ICBB8309 and ICBB8415, were investigated for their ability to produce antibiotic compounds." "In addition to the known antibiotics actiphenol,...

Reports summarize antibiotics study results from Federal University.
November 5, 2008... "The minimum inhibitory concentration and post-antibiotic effects of an antimicrobial agent are parameters to be taken into consideration when determining its dosage schedules. The in vitro post-antibiotic effects oil cell surface...

Research data from M. Desnosollivier and colleagues update understanding of antibiotics.
November 5, 2008... "Mutations in two specific regions of the Fks1 subunit of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase are known to confer decreased caspofungin susceptibility on Candida spp. Clinical isolates of Candida spp. (404 Candida albicans, 62 C. tropicalis, and 21 C....

Researchers at Johns Hopkins University publish new data on antibiotics.
November 5, 2008... According to recent research from the United States, "The enzymatic activities of three proteins encoded by the thienamycin gene cluster of Streptomyces cattleya (ThnR, ThnH, and ThnT) have been shown to incrementally cleave CoA to afford the...

Studies in the area of antibiotics reported from University of Tubingen.
November 5, 2008... According to a study from Tubingen, Germany, "The depsipeptide antibiotic hormaomycin, which is produced by Streptomyces griseoflavus W-384, contains a 5-chloropyrrole moiety. In the producer strain we identified the gene hrmQ that shows...