Obesity, Fitness & Wellness Week articles from April 2009

Obesity, Fitness & Wellness Week archives from April 2009

Studies from University of Pennsylvania have provided new information about adipose tissue.
April 4, 2009... According to recent research published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, "Adipocyte differentiation is controlled by many transcription factors, but few known downstream targets of...

Research from Hebrew University in the area of birth weight published.
April 4, 2009... In this recently published study, investigators in Jerusalem, Israel conducted a study "To explore the association between birth weight in offspring, a marker of the intrauterine environment, and mortality in their mothers, taking into account...

Research from University of North Carolina reveals new findings on cardiovascular disease.
April 4, 2009... According to recent research from the United States, "In the Periodontitis and Vascular Events (PAVE) pilot study, periodontal therapy was provided as an intervention in a secondary cardiac event prevention model through five coordinated...

Studies from Tokai University yield new information about chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
April 4, 2009... According to a study from Isehara, Japan, "Exercise capacity is frequently decreased in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and muscle dysfunction is one factor in this reduction. Studies using (31)-phosphorus magnetic...

Studies in the area of corticosteroid reported from L. Gao and co-researchers.
April 4, 2009... According to recent research from the United States, "Abnormal elevation of 11 beta-HSD1 activities in tissues, such as fat and brain, may contribute to the development of the abdominal obesity and Alzheimer disease, and the inhibition of 11...

Research findings from G.S. Skloot et al update understanding of life sciences.
April 4, 2009... "Multiple studies have demonstrated an initial high prevalence of spirometric abnormalities following World Trade Center (WTC) disaster exposure. We assessed prevalence of spirometric abnormalities and changes in spirometry between baseline and...

Research findings from K. Weiss et al update understanding of life sciences.
April 4, 2009... According to recent research published in the journal Magnetic Resonance Materials in Physics Biology and Medicine, "Early postnatal brain maturation is closely connected to local changes of metabolite levels. Spatially resolved in vivo H-1 NMR...

Research findings from Ghent University update understanding of life sciences.(Report)
April 4, 2009... Researchers detail in 'Anthropometric and performance measures for the development of a talent detection and identification model in youth handball,' new data in life sciences. "The first part of this study examined in which basic morphological...

Research from J. Koral and co-authors provides new data about life sciences.
April 4, 2009... New investigation results, 'Combination of gradual and rapid weight loss: effects on physical performance and psychological state of elite judo athletes,' are detailed in a study published in Journal of Sports Sciences. "The aim of the present...

New wellness research has been reported by scientists at National University of Singapore.
April 4, 2009... Investigators publish new data in the report 'Towards an ontological theory of wellness: a discussion of conceptual foundations and implications for nursing.' "In this article a discussion of the phenomenon of wellness and its relevance to...

New Alzheimer disease findings from G.F. Xu and co-authors described.
April 4, 2009... "First-degree family history (FH) of sporadic Alzheimers disease and the apolipoprotein E 4 allele (APOE4) are risk factors for Alzheimers disease that may affect brain function prior to onset of clinical symptoms. In this functional MRI (fMRI)...

Data from University of California advance knowledge in anaplasmosis.
April 4, 2009... According to recent research from the United States, "Anaplasma phagocytophilum, which causes granulocytic anaplasmosis, and Borrelia burgdorferi, the agent of Lyme borreliosis, are transmitted in multiple Holarctic regions by the same Ixodes...

Study findings from Salisbury District Hospital provide new insights into angiology.
April 4, 2009... "We report a rare complication during primary total hip arthroplasty A fatal fat pulmonary embolism immediately followed removal of the femoral head, prior to further preparation of the acetabulum or femoral shaft," researchers in Salisbury,...

Data on arthritis detailed by researchers at University of Zurich.
April 4, 2009... According to a study from Zurich, Switzerland, "Since pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs), in particular Toll-like receptors (TLRs), were found to be overexpressed in the synovium of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and to play a role in the...

Erasmus University publishes research in arthritis.
April 4, 2009... In this recent report published in the journal Arthritis & Rheumatism - Arthritis Care & Research, researchers in Netherlands conducted a study "To predict the 1-year outcome of incident nontraumatic knee symptoms in adults presenting in...

Research from E. Loza and co-researchers in the area of arthritis published.
April 4, 2009... In this recently published article, scientists in Madrid, Spain conducted a study "To estimate the direct and indirect osteoarthritis (OA)-attributable costs and predictors of costs of knee and hip OA in Spain. This study included consecutive...

Researchers from University of Melbourne report on findings in arthritis.(Report)
April 4, 2009... According to recent research from Melbourne, Australia, "Quadriceps strength (knee extensor torque) is an important correlate of physical function in individuals with hip osteoarthritis (OA). However, it remains unclear whether the ability to...

New arthroplasty findings from G. Thomas and co-authors described.
April 4, 2009... According to recent research published in the journal Hip International, "One hundred and thirty-eight consecutive patients undergoing hip arthroplasty and accelerated discharge at our institution over 6 months were reviewed. Our protocol...

Studies from M. Titlic and co-authors have provided new information about astrocytoma.
April 4, 2009... "We describe a case of spinal leptomeningeal metastases of an astrocytoma of the conus medullaris that presented with quadriplegia. The patient was a 50-year-old woman with a previously treated astrocytoma of the conus medullaris and a spinal...

New atrophy research from Chang-Gung University, Medical Department described.
April 4, 2009... According to a study from Taiwan, " To investigate the associated factors of foveoschisis and foveal detachment without macular hole in highly myopic eyes. A cross-sectional study of 124 eyes of 68 highly myopic patients was performed." ...

Study results from D. Cherkin and colleagues update understanding of back pain.(Report)(Conference notes)
April 4, 2009... According to a study from the United States, "Review of oral and poster presentations and of workshop summaries from the Ninth International Forum for Primary Care Research on Low Back Pain held in Majorca, Spain, October 4-6, 2007. Summarize...

Investigators at University of Michigan, Medical Department have published new data on bacteremia.
April 4, 2009... "Klebsiella pneumoniae is a leading cause of both community-acquired and nosocomial gram-negative bacterial pneumonia. A significant clinical complication of Klebsiella pulmonary infections is peripheral blood dissemination, resulting in a...

Scientists at Niigata University, Medical Department publish research in cataracts.
April 4, 2009... In this recent report published in the journal Current Eye Research, researchers in Niigata, Japan conducted a study "To investigate the levels of oxidative stress markers in human eyes with senile cataracts. We conducted a retrospective,...

Study data from Tohoku University, Medical Department update knowledge of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.
April 4, 2009... According to a study from Sendai, Japan, "Prion protein gene (PRNP) E219K is a human polymorphism commonly occurring in Asian populations but is rarely found in patients with sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). Thus the polymorphism E219K...

Research from University of California provides new data on DNA research.
April 4, 2009... "Here we demonstrate a reagentless, electrochemical platform for the specific detection of proteins that bind to single- or double-stranded DNA. The sensor is composed of a double- or single-stranded, redox-tagged DNA probe which is covalently...

Studies from University of Oxford further understanding of DNA research.
April 4, 2009... "RecQ-like helicases, which include 5 members in the human genome, are important in maintaining genome integrity. We present a crystal structure of a truncated form of the human RECQ1 protein with Mg-ADP," investigators in Oxford, the United...

Research on endocytosis published by scientists at National Heart, Lung, & Blood Institute.
April 4, 2009... According to a study from the United States, "Although agonist-dependent endocytosis of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) as a means to modulate receptor signaling has been widely studied, the constitutive endocytosis of GPCRs has received...

Study results from Gunma University broaden understanding of endocytosis.
April 4, 2009... According to a study from Gunma, Japan, "Clathrin is a coat protein involved in vesicle budding from several membrane-bound compartments within the cell. Here we present an analysis of a temperature-sensitive (ts) mutant of clathrin heavy chain...

New enzyme research study findings recently were published by researchers at Wayne State University, Medical Department.(Report)
April 4, 2009... "In prokaryotes, the first three enzymes in pyrimidine biosynthesis, carbamoyl phosphate synthetase (CPS), aspartate transcarbamoylase (ATC), and dihydroorotase (DHO), are commonly expressed separately and either function independently...

New enzyme research study findings recently were published by Z.M. Xiong and co-researchers.
April 4, 2009... According to recent research from Osaka, Japan, "We previously reported that the neurotoxicity of amyloid beta protein (A beta(1-42), 10 nM) was blocked by an A beta-derived tripeptide, A beta(32-34) (Ile-Gly-Leu, IGL), suggesting that IGL may...

New enzyme research study findings recently were reported by researchers at Case Western Reserve University.(Report)
April 4, 2009... According to recent research from the United States, "Regulation of the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin by tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is critical in the control of fibrin deposition. While several plasminogen activators have been...

Research from State University of New York broadens understanding of enzyme research.
April 4, 2009... According to recent research published in the Journal of Biological Chemistry, "Mitogen-activated protein kinases, originally known as microtubule-associated protein (MAP) kinases, are activated in response to a variety of stimuli. Here we...

University of Leeds details research in enzyme research.
April 4, 2009... According to recent research from Leeds, the United Kingdom, "We have developed a simple native-like surface-tethered membrane system to investigate the activity of cbo(3) (cytochrome bo(3)). a terminal oxidase in Escherichia coli. The tethered...

New Escherichia coli study findings reported from National Institutes of Health.
April 4, 2009... According to recent research from the United States, "Transcription initiation is a dynamic process in which RNA polymerase (RNAP) and promoter DNA act as partners, changing in response to one another, to produce a polymerase/promoter open...

Recent findings in Escherichia coli described by researchers from University of Michigan.
April 4, 2009... According to a study from the United States, "DNA double-strand breaks are particularly deleterious lesions that can lead to genomic instability and cell death. We investigated the SOS response to double-strand breaks in both Escherichia coli...

Scientists at University of Paris release new data on Escherichia coli.
April 4, 2009... "We used transfected epithelial CHO-B2 cells as a model to identify the mechanism mediating internalization of Afa/Dr diffusely adhering Escherichia coli. We provide evidence that neither the alpha 5 or beta 1 integrin subunits nor alpha 5 beta...

Data on femoral neck fracture published by D. Miller and colleagues.
April 4, 2009... "We present the clinical and radiographic outcome of 49 Exeter bipolar hemiarthroplasties for femoral neck fractures in 49 patients with a median age of 71 years at the time of operation. Median length of follow-up was 7.1 years (5 to 13),"...

Research from J.L. Kertesz and co-researchers in the area of hemorrhage published.
April 4, 2009... According to a study from the United States, "Vascular injuries are a major source of morbidity and mortality in patients with blunt pelvic trauma. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) has traditionally been used to detect pelvic arterial...

Reports outline hypotension study findings from R. Balgera and colleagues.
April 4, 2009... According to a study from Lecce, Italy, "Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) is a well-known clinical syndrome associated with the typical magnetic resonance imaging findings of pachymeningeal enhancement, downward cerebral displacement...

Investigators at University of Nottingham target life sciences.
April 4, 2009... According to a study from Sutton, the United Kingdom, "The activated methyl cycle (AMC) is a central metabolic pathway used to generate (and recycle) several important metabolites and enable methylation. Pfs and LuxS are considered integral...

Studies from University of Montreal provide new data on life sciences.(Report)
April 4, 2009... According to recent research from Canada, "Streptococcus suis serotype 2 is an important pathogen causing a wide range of infections in swine, the most important being meningitis. Few virulence factors have been identified and the pathogenesis...

Studies from M. Zehl et al add new findings in the area of mass spectrometry.
April 4, 2009... According to recent research published in the Journal of the American Chemical Society, "Mass spectrometry is routinely applied to measure the incorporation of deuterium into proteins and peptides. The exchange of labile, heteroatom-bound...

New neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses findings from University of Gottingen published.
April 4, 2009... "Late infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis, a fatal neurodegenerative disease of childhood, is caused by mutations in the TPP1 gene that encodes tripeptidyl-peptidase I. We show that purified TPP1 requires at least partial glycosylation for...

Researchers from University of Michigan report recent findings in neuropathy.
April 4, 2009... According to recent research from the United States, "Reliable unipedal balance is fundamental to safe ambulation. Accordingly, older persons with peripheral neuropathy (PIN), who are at increased risk for falls, demonstrate impaired unipedal...

Research data from Royal Children's Hospital update understanding of Parkinson disease.
April 4, 2009... "Mutations in parkin are a common cause of early-onset autosomal recessive Parkinson's disease (PD). A single nucleotide polymorphism in the parkin promoter (rs9347683, -258T/G) has been reported to be associated with PD and shown to...

Scientists at University of Coimbra detail research in Parkinson disease.
April 4, 2009... "Mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and alpha-synuclein oligomerization occur in Parkinson disease (PD). We used an in vitro PD cybrid approach that models these three phenomena specifically to evaluate the impact of...

Research on polycythemia vera detailed by A. Zeuner and co-authors.
April 4, 2009... According to recent research from Rome, Italy, "An increased expression of antiapoptotic molecules is often found in malignant cells, where it contributes to their clonal expansion by conferring an improved survival ability. We found that...

Data on protease detailed by J. Guhaniyogi and co-authors.(Report)
April 4, 2009... "Late infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis is a fatal childhood neurological disorder caused by a deficiency in the lysosomal protease tripeptidyl-peptidase 1 (TPP1). TPP1 represents the only known mammalian member of the S53 family of...

Investigators at University of Wisconsin zero in on proteomics.
April 4, 2009... "Isobaric tags for absolute and relative quantitation (iTRAQ) allow for simultaneous relative quantification of peptides from up to eight different samples. Typically peptides labeled with 8-plex iTRAQ tags are pooled and fragmented using...

New proteomics research from J.C. Hus and co-researchers described.
April 4, 2009... "Residual dipolar couplings (RDCs) measured for internally rigid molecular fragments provide important information about the relative orientations of these fragments. Dependent on the symmetry of the alignment tensor and the symmetry of the...

Reports outline proteomics research from A.E. Vinogradov and colleagues.
April 4, 2009... "It is shown here that in the yeast protein interaction network the global centrality measure (betweenness) depends on the protein evolutionary age (i.e., on historic contingency) more weakly than the local centrality measure [degrees],"...

Research on proteomics reported by scientists at University of Tokyo.
April 4, 2009... "Here we report a new methodology for mRNA-programmed synthesis of peptoids and peptoid-peptide hybrids by means of translation machinery under the reprogrammed genetic code," scientists in Tokyo, Japan report (see also Proteomics). "We...

Research results from University of California update understanding of proteomics.
April 4, 2009... According to a study from the United States, "T lymphocytes play a key role in adaptive immunity and are activated by interactions of their T cell receptors (TCR) with peptides (p) derived from antigenic proteins bound to MHC gene products. The...

Research results from Y. Wang and co-authors update knowledge of proteomics.
April 4, 2009... "In mammalian cells, abnormal proteins that escape proteasome-dependent degradation form small aggregates that can be transported into a centrosome-associated structure, called an aggresome. Here we demonstrate that in yeast a single aggregate...

Study results from A.V. Papavasiliou and colleagues in the area of quality of life published.
April 4, 2009... "Hip resurfacing arthroplasty is known to improve quality of life (QoL) and allow increased activity levels in young patients. It is, however, traditionally offered to the younger age group of patients, largely those aged under 60 years,"...

New findings in retinitis pigmentosa described from Kyoto University, Medical Department.
April 4, 2009... " The foveal function of patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP) has been estimated by visual acuity (VA) or visual field (VF) tests. In the present study, the potential of optical coherence tomography (OCT) and focal electroretinogram (fERG)...

New retinitis pigmentosa study findings have been published by scientists at Chiba University.
April 4, 2009... According to recent research from Chiba, Japan, " To determine whether a significant correlation exists between the visual acuity or foveal thickness and the status of the inner and outer segment junction (IS/OS) of the photoreceptor in...

Research conducted at Goddard Space Flight Center has updated our knowledge about rift valley fever.
April 4, 2009... "El Nino/Southern Oscillation related climate anomalies were analyzed by using a combination of satellite measurements of elevated sea-surface temperatures and subsequent elevated rainfall and satellite-derived normalized difference vegetation...

Reports summarize salmonellosis research from Arizona State University.
April 4, 2009... According to a study from the United States, "Leucine-responsive regulatory protein (Lrp) is a global gene regulator that influences expression of a large number of genes including virulence-related genes in Escherichia coli and Salmonella. No...

Researchers from University of Virginia describe findings in salmonellosis.(Report)
April 4, 2009... "The intracellular gram-negative bacterial pathogen Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium gains entry into nonphagocytic cells by manipulating the assembly of the host actin cytoskeleton. S. enterica serovar Typhimurium entry requires a...

Researchers from Boston College discuss findings in sandhoff disease.
April 4, 2009... According to recent research from the United States, "Sandhoff disease (SD) is a glycosphingolipid (GSL) storage disease that arises from an autosomal recessive mutation in the gene for the beta-subunit of beta-Hexosaminidase A (Hexb gene),...

New seizure research from J. Dereuck and co-researchers described.(Report)
April 4, 2009... According to a study from Ghent, Belgium, "Partial anterior circulation syndrome (PACS), due to cerebral infarction, is the most common stroke presentation of patients with seizures. This study investigates the characteristics of such patients...

New findings from University of Adelaide describe advances in spina bifida.
April 4, 2009... According to recent research published in the journal Spine, "Computer tomography scans were used to asses the opening of the sacral canal. We investigated the prevalence of sacral spina bifida occulta in 2 population groups: born 1940 to 1950...

Research from Yamaguchi University, Medical Department provides new data about spinal cord injury.
April 4, 2009... According to recent research published in the journal Spine, "Three-dimensional C3-C5 and C3-C4 finite element (FE) models were used to analyze biomechanical responses under compression and extension moments. To validate our models against...

Research in the area of spondylolisthesis reported from L. Kalichman and colleagues.(Report)
April 4, 2009... According to a study from the United States, "Cross-sectional study. To determine prevalence rates of spondylolysis, isthmic, and degenerative spondylolisthesis in an unselected adult community-based population; and to evaluate the association...

Data from Columbia University provide new insights into stargardt disease.
April 4, 2009... In this recent study, researchers in the United States conducted a study "To demonstrate that Stargardt disease (STGD) can present with peripapillary atrophy. Retrospective case series." "The medical records of 150 consecutive patients (300...

Reports summarize strep infection study results from L. Selva and co-researchers.
April 4, 2009... "A surprising example of interspecies competition is the production by certain bacteria of hydrogen peroxide at concentrations that are lethal for others. A case in point is the displacement of Staphylococcus aureus by Streptococcus pneumoniae...

Research reports from University of Saskatchewan provide new insights into strep infection.(Report)
April 4, 2009... "The two-component system TCS08 of Streptococcus pneumoniae contributes to the virulence in vivo and regulates phosphotransferase system (PTS) genes in an avirulent strain. However, its role in pathogenic strains and virulence mechanism are...

Study results from University of Pisa update understanding of trigeminal neuralgia.
April 4, 2009... According to recent research from Pisa, Italy, "Posterior cranial fossa tumours, not involving the cerebellopontine angle cistern, are a rare cause of trigeminal neuralgia (TN)." "We describe a patient with a large paramedian tentorial...

New tuberculosis findings from A. Blumenthal and co-authors described.
April 4, 2009... According to recent research from the United States, "RP105, phylogenetically related to Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4, is reported to facilitate B cell activation by the TLR4-agonist lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-but to limit LPS-induced cytokine...

Reports from Johns Hopkins University describe recent advances in tuberculosis.
April 4, 2009... "The rabbit model of tuberculosis is attractive because of its pathophysiologic resemblance to the disease in humans. Rabbits are naturally resistant to infection but may manifest cavitary lung lesions," scientists in the United States report...

Research data from C.M.S. Giampaglia and colleagues update understanding of tuberculosis.(Report)
April 4, 2009... "The intent of this study was to estimate the shelf life of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains, and to observe the loss of viability in some of them from year to year. From 2000 to 2004, 10,015 cultures of M. tuberculosis were preserved by...

Studies from P.C.A.M. Buijtels and colleagues reveal new findings on tuberculosis.
April 4, 2009... According to recent research published in the journal Emerging Infectious Diseases, "Clinical relevance of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) isolated from 180 chronically ill patients and 385 healthy controls in Zambia was evaluated to examine...

Study results from University of Buenos Aires update understanding of tuberculosis.
April 4, 2009... "Interferon-gamma(IFN-gamma) is crucial for protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and the transcription factor cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) increases IFN-gamma transcription. We determined whether the transmembrane...

New vasculitis study results from D.M. Carpenter et al described.
April 4, 2009... "Chronic disease affects both patients and spouses, yet the effect of vasculitis on the spouses of patients has not been systematically examined. We addressed this research gap by describing 8 dimensions of health-related quality of life...

Research from University of Oxford provides new data on vasculitis.
April 4, 2009... In this recent study, researchers in Oxford, the United Kingdom conducted a study "To develop European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) recommendations for the management of small and medium vessel vasculitis. An expert group ( consisting of...

Studies from Purdue University provide new data on brain and language.
April 4, 2009... According to recent research published in the journal Brain and Language, "Verbs contain multifaceted information about both the semantics of an action, and potential argument structures. Linguistic theory classifies verbs according to whether...

New brachial plexus neuritis genetics data have been reported by scientists at University of Washington, Department of Pediatrics.
April 4, 2009... A new study, 'Duplication within the SEPT9 gene associated with a founder effect in North American families with hereditary neuralgic amyotrophy,' is now available. According to recent research from the United States, "Hereditary neuralgic...

Research from University of Ljubljana, Institute of Cell Biology in the area of endocytosis published.
April 4, 2009... Data detailed in 'Endocytotic activity of bladder superficial urothelial cells is inversely related to their differentiation stage' have been presented. According to a study from Ljubljana, Slovenia, "The composition of the apical plasma...

New enzyme research study findings have been published by scientists at University of Cambridge, Department of Pathology.(Report)
April 4, 2009... Research findings, 'Clustering transfers the translocated Escherichia coli receptor into lipid rafts to stimulate reversible activation of c-Fyn,' are discussed in a new report. According to recent research published in the journal Cellular...

Reports outline enzyme research study results from Children's Hospital.
April 4, 2009... Fresh data on enzyme research are presented in the report 'Identification of a pneumococcal glycosidase that modifies O-linked glycans.' "Colonization of the airway by Streptococcus pneumoniae is typically asymptomatic; however, progression of...

Reports outline headache and migraine research from Cedars-Sinai Medical Center.
April 4, 2009... Data detailed in 'Cluster headache and obstructive sleep apnea: are they related disorders' have been presented. According to recent research from the United States, "Patients with cluster headache (CH) have a higher prevalence of sleep apnea,...

Research from C. Sun-Edelstein and colleagues has provided new data on headache and migraine.
April 4, 2009... Investigators publish new data in the report 'Chronic migraine and medication overuse headache: clarifying the current International Headache Society classification criteria.' "Despite the recent advances in the understanding and classification...

Studies from S.P. Chen et al provide new data on headache and migraine in adolescents.
April 4, 2009... Scientists discuss in 'Exertional headache--a survey of 1963 adolescents' new findings in headache and migraine. According to recent research from Taoyuan, Taiwan, "We employed a self-administered questionnaire to investigate exertional...