TB & Outbreaks Week articles from September 2008

TB & Outbreaks Week archives from September 2008

Studies from R.M. Rivera and colleagues yield new information about chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
September 2, 2008... "To compare lung morphology in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) secondary to cigarette smoke (CS) and biomass smoke (BS). Necropsies of women with COPD diagnosis by lung pathology and unique exposure to BS (n = 27) or CS (n = 21)...

New clinical microbiology and infectious disease findings from E. Canalejo and co-researchers published.(Report)
September 2, 2008... "Enterococcus hirae infection is extremely rare in humans. In this paper, we describe a case of Enterococcus hirae spondylodiscitis complicated with anterior epidural abscess and multiple psoas abscesses in a 55-year-old man with diabetes...

Reports outline enzyme research research from T. Chopra and colleagues.
September 2, 2008... "In recent years, remarkable versatility of polyketide synthases (PKSs) has been recognized; both in terms of their structural and functional organization as well as their ability to produce compounds other than typical secondary metabolites....

Reports from V. Bermudez et al highlight recent research in heart disease.
September 2, 2008... "High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol is a heterogeneous group of lipoproteins exhibiting a variety of properties like prostacyclin production stimulation, decrease in platelet aggregation, endothelial cell apoptosis inhibition, and...

Studies from S. Garcia and co-researchers yield new data on HIV/AIDS.
September 2, 2008... According to a study from Sao Paulo, Brazil, "To identify discriminatory attitudes in two moments of the Brazilian HIV/AIDS epidemic, as well as the occurrence of possible changes. The Intention of Discrimination Index was obtained by scoring 1...

Reports from University Hospital advance knowledge in sexually transmitted disease.(Report)
September 2, 2008... "The control of syphilis depends on screening of the population at risk and is usually performed using the Treponema pallidum particle agglutination test (TPPA). Outside Europe the rapid plasma reagin test (RPR) or venereal disease research...

Data on aspergillosis published by A.A. Cagatay and colleagues.(Report)
September 9, 2008... According to recent research published in the journal Mycoses, "Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) poses major management problems for clinicians caring for patients with haematological diseases. The clinical courses of patients with IPA...

New findings in aspergillosis described by R. Kano and co-researchers.
September 9, 2008... "Aspergillus fumigatus is the predominant etiological agent of sino-orbital aspergillosis in humans and animals," scientists writing in the journal Mycoses report (see also Aspergillosis). "Here we report for the first time A. udagawae, a...

Researchers from Department of Agriculture describe findings in borne disease.
September 9, 2008... According to a study from the United States, "The United States faces many existing and emerging mosquito-borne disease threats, such as West Nile virus and Rift Valley fever. An important component of strategic prevention and control plans for...

Research from National Chung-Hsing University in the area of dengue fever described.
September 9, 2008... According to a study from Taipei, Taiwan, "Although the previous study demonstrated the envelope protein of dengue viruses is under purifying selection pressure, little is known about the genetic differences of full-length viral genomes of...

Study data from A. Bal and co-authors update knowledge of echinococcosis.
September 9, 2008... "The most common predisposing factor for aspergillomas is the presence of a pre-existing lung cavity secondary to tuberculosis, bronchial cysts and bullae, neoplasms, and pulmonary infarction. However, Aspergilloma within a hydatid cyst is a...

Research from L. Robertson et al broadens understanding of sexually transmitted disease.
September 9, 2008... According to a study from London, the United Kingdom, "Model-based estimates of maternal (but not paternal) orphanhood are higher than those based on data from demographic and health surveys (DHS). We investigate the consistency of reporting of...

Scientists at Boston University detail research in addiction medicine.
September 16, 2008... " To assess the effectiveness of a sexual risk reduction intervention in the Russian narcology hospital setting. setting and participants This was a randomized controlled trial from October 2004 to December 2005 among patients with alcohol...

Research from National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases yields new data on allergies.
September 16, 2008... According to a study from the United States, "Infection with the obligate intracellular protozoan Leishmania is thought to be initiated by direct parasitization of macrophages, but the early events following transmission to the skin by vector...

Researchers from University of Kiel report on findings in anti-infectives.
September 16, 2008... "Pentamidine is an antimicrobial drug, intravenously used in the treatment of trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis or pneumocystis pneumonia. To elucidate potential drug interactions with pentamidine and N,N'-dihydroxypentamidine, respectively, the...

New cholera study findings have been reported from University of Michigan.
September 16, 2008... "In many infectious diseases, an unknown fraction of infections produce symptoms mild enough to go unrecorded, a fact that can seriously compromise the interpretation of epidemiological records. This is true for cholera, a pandemic bacterial...

Research from R.S. Lanciotti and colleagues has provided new data on emerging infectious diseases.
September 16, 2008... "Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus first isolated in Uganda from a sentinel monkey in 1947," scientists writing in the journal Emerging Infectious Diseases report (see also Emerging Infectious Diseases). "Mosquito and...

Study data from L. Boumgharbourtchai and co-authors update knowledge of emerging infectious diseases.
September 16, 2008... "Shigella sonnei UCN59, isolated during an outbreak of S. sonnei in January 2007, was resistant to azithromycin (MIC 64 mg/L)," investigators in Caen, France report (see also Emerging Infectious Diseases). "The isolate contained a...

Study data from University of Dayton update understanding of emerging infectious diseases.
September 16, 2008... "Buruli ulcer is a necrotizing skin disease caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans and associated with exposure to aquatic habitats. To assess possible transmission of M. ulcerans by aquatic biting insects, we conducted a field examination of biting...

Association for the Advancement of Wound Care Leads World Health Organization Initiative to Establish Guidelines for Wound and Lymphedema Care.
September 23, 2008... The Association for the Advancement of Wound Care (AAWC) is leading the development of guidelines for the global treatment of wounds and lymphedema at the request of the World Health Organization (WHO). The collaboration will significantly...

Reports from University of Texas highlight recent research in aspergillosis.
September 23, 2008... According to recent research from the United States, "Early diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis is problematic in some patient groups due to the lack of rapid, sensitive, specific, and reliable diagnostic tests. Fungal burden and...

Studies from Harvard University, Medical Department reveal new findings on cholera.
September 23, 2008... "Defined mutant libraries allow for efficient genome-scale screening and provide a convenient collection of mutations in almost any nonessential gene of interest. Here, we present a near-saturating transposon insertion library in Vibrio...

New clostridium study findings have been reported from J.M. Boyce et al.(Clinical report)
September 23, 2008... Researchers in the United States conducted a study "To determine whether hydrogen peroxide vapor (HPV) decontamination can reduce environmental contamination with and nosocomial transmission of Clostridium difficile. A prospective before-after...

Scientists at University of Marburg release new data on cysts.
September 23, 2008... According to a study from Marburg, Germany, "Microsurgical resection or ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement was for a long time the only means of treatment for patients with colloid cysts. in the past few years, however, endoscopic procedures...

Investigators at Fudan University target aspergillosis.
September 30, 2008... "Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is a rapid, progressive, fatal disease that occurs mostly in immunocompromised patients. Patients with severe liver disease are at a heightened risk for infections," researchers in Shanghai, People's...

Research from University of Texas broadens understanding of aspergillosis.
September 30, 2008... "Voriconazole and posaconazole are effective as both prophylaxis and treatment for invasive aspergillosis (IA) in immunocompromised patients. Hence, it is important to determine whether Aspergillus pre-exposure to voriconazole or posaconazole...

Studies from A.L. Agwu et al have provided new data on clinical infectious diseases.
September 30, 2008... According to a study from the United States, "Antimicrobial stewardship programs aim to reduce inappropriate hospital antimicrobial use. At the Johns Hopkins Children's Medical and Surgical Center (Baltimore, MD), we implemented a World Wide...

New clinical trial research research reported from S. Sundar and co-authors.
September 30, 2008... "Amphotericin B (AB) deoxycholate is highly effective in antimony refractory cases for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in Bihar. But the need for prolonged hospitalisation and frequent, occasionally serious, adverse events are its...

Research by P. Pongsumpun and colleagues in dengue fever provides new insights.
September 30, 2008... According to a study from France, "Dengue, similar to other arboviral diseases, exhibits complex spatiotemporal dynamics. Even at town or village level, individual-based spatially explicit models are required to correctly reproduce epidemic...