TB & Outbreaks Week articles from November 2008

TB & Outbreaks Week archives from November 2008

Fructose hampers hormone that controls appetite, UF study finds.
November 4, 2008... Could all those years chewing candy and slurping sugary sodas come back to haunt you? Perhaps. A new University of Florida study in rats shows that a fructose-filled diet blocks the appetite-controlling hormone leptin from doing its job,...

THE SAGE GROUP Reports that in 2007 Approximately 2.8 Million People in Western Europe Suffered from Critical Limb Ischemia.
November 4, 2008... A recent analysis published by THE SAGE GROUP concluded that 2.8 million people in Western Europe have critical limb ischemia (CLI). Reflecting the aging population, this number is projected to grow to 3.4 million by 2020 (see also THE SAGE...

Reports from L.Y. Chiang and co-researchers add new data to research in aspergillosis.
November 4, 2008... According to recent research from the United States, "Invasive aspergillosis is characterized by hyphal invasion of the blood vessels, which contributes to the pathogenesis of this disease. During this angioinvasion, Aspergillus fumigatus...

Research from A. Valloneberhard and co-researchers in the area of aspergillosis described.(Clinical report)
November 4, 2008... "Aspergillus fumigatus is an opportunistic fungal pathogen responsible for invasive aspergillosis in immuno-compromised individuals. The inefficiency of antifungal agents and high mortality rate resulting from invasive aspergillosis remain...

Studies from Kuwait University, Medical Department have provided new information about Bacillus calmette-guerin vaccines.(Report)
November 4, 2008... According to recent research from Kuwait, "Comparative genomics has identified several regions of difference (RDs) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis that are deleted or absent in Mycobacterium bovis BCG vaccines. To determine their relevance for...

Research on clinical infectious diseases discussed by scientists at University of Virginia.
November 4, 2008... "Cell communication in bacteria occurs through a vernacular of small diffusible chemical signals that impact gene regulation during times of high cell density. This form of intercellular signaling, known as quorum sensing, optimizes the...

Findings in infectious disease reported from J.J. Siebenga and co-researchers.
November 4, 2008... According to recent research from Netherlands, "During a 2-year survey in an academic hospital, 8 (8.4%) of all norovirus (NoV)-positive patients showed prolonged norovirus illness and shedding (duration, 21-182 days). All patients had...

New vector-borne and zoonotic disease data have been reported by researchers at University of Georgia.
November 4, 2008... "We investigated the experimental susceptibility and natural exposure of raccoons (Procyon lotor) to five tick-borne pathogens of human and veterinary importance, Ehrlichia canis, E. chaffeensis, E. ewingii, Anaplasma phagocytophilum (ApVariant...

Research conducted at Hokkaido University, Medical Department has updated our knowledge about vector-borne and zoonotic disease.
November 4, 2008... "The prevalence of trypanosome infections in tsetse flies in the Chiawa area of Lower Zambezi in Zambia, with endemic trypanosomosis, was determined by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method that allowed the detection of trypanosome DNA and...

Researchers from Charles University detail new studies and findings in the area of vector-borne and zoonotic disease.
November 4, 2008... "Zoonotic visceral leishmaniosis (VL) caused by Leishinania infantuin is transmitted from dogs to humans by sand flies and Lutzmnyia longipalpis is a major vector of this disease. We studied the antibody response in dogs experimentally exposed...

Researchers from Tufts University report details of new studies and findings in the area of vector-borne and zoonotic disease.
November 4, 2008... According to recent research from the United States, "Deer keds (Lipoptena cervi) are thought to have been introduced into New U.K. from Europe during the 1800s." "We sought to determine whether L. cervi from Massachusetts deer contained...

University of Warsaw reports research in vector-borne and zoonotic disease.
November 4, 2008... "Four rodent species (Clethrionomys glareolus, Apodemus flavicollis, Microtus arvalis, M. oeconomus) were captured in the period 2004-2006 in the Mazury Lake District, Northeast Poland, to determine the prevalence and genetic diversity of...

New venereology study findings have been reported by J. Freise and colleagues.(Report)
November 4, 2008... According to recent research from Essen, Germany, " It is well known that patients with chronic wounds frequently acquire clinically relevant contact sensitizations to skin care products. Objectives The aim of our study was to find out the...

Research from L. Caisey et al has provided new information about venereology.
November 4, 2008... " The functional properties of human lips depend on their hydration level. Limited data are, however, available," scientists in Paris, France report (see also Venereology). " To investigate water distribution through the lower lip surface....

Studies from University of Rijeka, Medical Department yield new information about venereology.(Report)
November 4, 2008... " The aim of this study was to perform a clinical assessment of the association between oral lichenoid reactions (OLR) and amalgam restorations and to determine the salivary concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-8 before and after...

New aspergillosis study findings have been reported by F. Botterel and co-researchers.
November 11, 2008... According to recent research published in the journal Transplant Infectious Disease, "Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is a life-threatening complication of liver transplantation. Detection of circulating galactomannan (GM) in serum samples is a...

Research findings from S.M.N. Udden et al update understanding of cholera.
November 11, 2008... "The El Tor biotype of Vibrio cholerae O1, causing the current seventh pandemic of cholera, has replaced the classical biotype, which caused the sixth pandemic. The CTX prophages encoding cholera toxin in the two biotypes have distinct...

Recent findings in Escherichia coli described by researchers from University of California.
November 11, 2008... According to recent research from the United States, "IbeT is a downstream gene of the invasion determinant ibeA in the chromosome of a clinical isolate of Escherichia coli K1 strain RS218 (serotype 018:K1:H7). Both ibeT and ibeA are in the...

Research from Kitasato University has provided new data on HIV/AIDS co-infection.
November 11, 2008... "Macrophages (M Phi s) are a major source of HIV-1 especially in patients with tuberculosis. There are M Phi s that are permissive and those that restrict HIV-1," scientists writing in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences...

Studies from N. Simonney and colleagues reveal new findings on HIV/AIDS co-infection.(Clinical report)
November 11, 2008... According to recent research published in the journal Tuberculosis, "A prospective and multi-centre study has allowed us to analyse antibody responses and Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolate genotypes on 24 consecutive HIV-TB...

New research on sexually transmitted disease from Alfred Hospital summarized.
November 11, 2008... In this recent report, researchers in Carlton, Australia conducted a study "To examine the characteristics and work attitudes of female sex workers working in licensed brothels in Victoria, Australia. This was a cross-sectional study of sex...

Study findings from C. Griffiths et al broaden understanding of sexually transmitted disease.
November 11, 2008... According to a study from London, the United Kingdom, "Traditionally, genitourinary medicine (GUM) and contraceptive services have been provided separately. Providing these services on one site, as a one-stop shop, has been suggested as a way...

Study results from General Hospital broaden understanding of sexually transmitted disease.
November 11, 2008... In this recent report, researchers in Bristol, the United Kingdom conducted a study "To obtain a detailed understanding of the lives of street-based commercial sex workers (SSWs) and how factors in their lives interrelate to affect their...

Healthy Bones Program Reduces Hip Fractures by 37 Percent, Kaiser Permanente Study Finds.
November 18, 2008... Proactive measures can reduce hip fracture rates by an average of 37.2 percent -- and as much as 50 percent -- among those at risk, according to a study conducted by Kaiser Permanente Southern California. The study was published online on...

Bavarian Nordic Reports Successful Safety Data From Phase II Study With IMVAMUNE(R).(Report)
November 18, 2008... Bavarian Nordic has completed a clinical safety report from a large Phase II study with IMVAMUNE(R) in HIV infected subjects that confirms the excellent safety profile of IMVAMUNE(R). Within the next few days the safety report of this study...

Reports outline adenovirus research from K. Aoki and colleagues.
November 18, 2008... "In a 2-month period in 2003, we encountered an outbreak of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) in Japan. We detected 67 human adenoviruses (HAdVs) by PCR from eye swabs of patients with EKC at five eye clinics in different parts of Japan,"...

Findings in alcoholism reported from University of Verona.
November 18, 2008... "Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), comprising a spectrum of conditions ranging from pure steatosis to steatohepatitis and cirrhosis, has reached epidemic proportions and represents the most common cause of chronic liver disease in the...

Study data from M. Tobias and co-authors update knowledge of anxiety disorders.
November 18, 2008... In this recent study, researchers in Wellington, New Zealand conducted a study "To quantify the share of tobacco consumed by people with 12-month mental disorders in New Zealand. Estimates of current smoking prevalence and the 12-month...

Recent findings from M.E. Eremeeva and co-authors highlight research in emerging infectious diseases.
November 18, 2008... 'Rickettsia typhi (prevalence 1.9%) and R. felis (prevalence 24.8%) DNA were detected in rat fleas (Xenopsylla cheopis) collected from mice on Oahu Island, Hawaii. The low prevalence of R. typhi on Oahu suggests that R. felis may be a more...

Report summarizes emerging infectious diseases study findings from J.P. Harris and co-researchers.
November 18, 2008... "The number of deaths in U.K. and Wales associated with gastrointestinal pathogens, norovirus in particular, in persons >= 65 years was estimated for 2001-2006. Regression analysis was used to model monthly counts of gastrointestinal pathogens...

Report summarizes emerging infectious diseases study findings from V.A. Cama and co-researchers.
November 18, 2008... According to a study from the United States, "To determine whether clinical manifestations are associated with genotypes or subtypes of Cryptosporidium spp., we studied a 4-year longitudinal birth cohort of 533 children in Peru. A total of 156...

Studies from Columbus Children's Hospital have provided new data on infectious disease.
November 18, 2008... According to a study from the United States, "Tularemia is a rare zoonotic infection caused by the bacterium Francisella tularensis. The disease is endemic in North America and parts of Europe and Asia." "Arthropods (ticks and deer flies)...

Research Gives Hispanics Another Reason to Drink Their Milk This Diabetes Month and Beyond.
November 25, 2008... Most Hispanics fail to get the calcium and vitamin D they need, but this shortfall could be affecting more than their bones. It may, at least in part, be one reason behind the epidemic of type 2 diabetes drawing attention this November,...

Reports summarize antifungals research from University of Heidelberg.
November 25, 2008... "Critically ill patients after extended surgical procedures are Lit high risk for postoperative infections. Fungal infections play a substantial role for immunocompromised patients, e.g. after solid organ transplantation Or under chronic...

New apoptosis study results from P. Misra et al described.(Report)
November 25, 2008... "The aim of this study was to resolve the putative pathway responsible for death induced by peganine hydrochloride dihydrate isolated from Peganum harmala seeds at cellular, structural and molecular level in Leishmania donovani, a causative...

Research from P.Y. Bochud and co-researchers provides new data on aspergillosis.(Report)
November 25, 2008... In this recently published study, investigators in the United States conducted a study "Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are essential components of the immune response to fungal pathogens. We examined the role of TLR polymorphisms in conferring a...

Findings from M.B. Nogueira et al in dengue fever reported.
November 25, 2008... "The reintroduction of dengue virus type 3 (DENV-3) in Brazil in 2000 and its subsequent spread throughout the country was associated with genotype III viruses, the only DENV-3 genotype isolated in Brazil prior to 2002," investigators in...

New infectious disease study findings recently were reported by I.D. Cestari and co-researchers.
November 25, 2008... "The ability to resist complement differs between the Y and Colombiana Trypanosoma cruzi strains. We found that the Y strain of T. cruzi was more able to resist the classical and lectin pathways of complement activation than the Colombiana...

Research results from University of Cape Town update understanding of infectious disease.
November 25, 2008... According to recent research from Cape Town, South Africa, "To determine the immunological role played by interleukin (IL)-12 family members in Trypanosoma congolense infection, IL-12p35(-/-), IL-12p40(-/-), and IL-12p35(/-/-)p40(-/-) mice were...

Research from University of Liverpool reveals new findings on sexually transmitted disease.
November 25, 2008... According to a study from Liverpool, the United Kingdom, "Opinions remain divided concerning the potential for additional water-based lubricant to reduce condom breaks and slips. We sought to explore impact of externally applied additional...

Research from Federal University broadens understanding of venereology.(Report)
November 25, 2008... According to recent research from Brazil, " This study aims to determine the relationship between smoking and cutaneous aging. A cross-sectional study was carried out on 301 subjects (191 women and 110 men, aged between 25 and 86 years), of...