AIDS Weekly articles from January 1995

AIDS Weekly archives from January 1995

Fever-like illness predictive of acceleration to AIDS.
January 30, 1995... The glandular-fever-like illness associated with seroconversion to HIV-1 is predictive of accelerated progression to AIDS, according to a report from Sweden's Karolinska Institute. While many HIV seroconverters lack recognizable clinical...

A legacy of lunacy. (banning immigration of HIV-infected persons)
January 30, 1995... As the rest of the world knows, U.S. immigration policy banning people with HIV infection is a national disgrace. In response to international protests against the policy - forcing the 1992 VIII International Conference on AIDS to be moved...

TB main cause of pericardial effusion in Tanzanian HIV+. (tuberculosis)
January 30, 1995... Tuberculosis (TB) is the main cause of large pericardial effusion in HIV-infected patients in Tanzania, but non-HIV-infected patients are likely to have other etiologies, according to a Duke University study. Pericardial disease is common in...

Block grant proposal could be disastrous for TB control. (tuberculosis)
January 30, 1995... Tuberculosis (TB) cases in the United States have dropped sharply during the past two years due to federally funded control efforts, but those efforts are threatened by a proposal to allow individual states to determine how much they spend on...

First report of gene transfer-mediated sCD4 protection against HIV-1. (soluble CD4)
January 30, 1995... A team of American researchers has reported the first instance of protection by soluble CD4 (sCD4) of human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) against infection with HIV-1 using a gene transfer vector. Richard A. Morgan, with colleagues from...

Nef-specific CTL's show promise as HIV vaccine. (cytotoxic T-lymphocytes)
January 30, 1995... Nef-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) may be promising in the search for an HIV vaccine. Nef is a regulatory protein of HIV-1 and HIV-2 encoded in part in the 3' long terminal repeat, consisting of 205-239 amino acids and containing a...

Virion-associated Vpx needed for early viral replication.
January 30, 1995... The virion-associated Vpx protein appears to be necessary for early viral replication process in natural target cells such as primary macrophages, according to a report from Kyoto, Japan's Institute for Virus Research. The vpx gene encodes a...

Research collaboration aimed at neutralizing HIV. (Enzo Biochem Inc. and Cornell University Medical College)
January 30, 1995... Enzo Biochem Inc., New York City, announced that it has signed a collaborative research agreement with Cornell University on behalf of its Medical College, aimed initially at evaluating the company's genetic antisense product for use in...

1990 MDR-TB outbreak through dental exposure confirmed. (multidrug-resistant tuberculosis)
January 30, 1995... A U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) report confirms that multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) probably occurred between two HIV-infected dental workers at a New York City dental clinic. Since 1990, several outbreaks...

Cellular immune response controls viral replication.
January 30, 1995... Cellular immune response, reflected by non-cytolytic CD8 cell anti-HIV activity, appears to control viral replication soon after HIV infection, according to a report from the University of California School of Medicine. In HIV infection, two...

H. pylori infection less prevalent in HIV+ children. (Helicobacter pylori)
January 30, 1995... There was a lower prevalence of Helicobacter pylori positivity in a group of central African children infected with HIV than in age- and ethnic-matched HIV-negative controls. It has been suggested that H. pylori infection and associated...

AZT induces expression of cellular resistance. (zidovudine)
January 30, 1995... Zidovudine (AZT)-resistant cells display a defect in thymidine kinase (TK) activity, raising new questions regarding its role in AZT resistance. Many drugs that interfere with the replication events of HIV have been identified. Some have...

Neurological study finds no HIV-specific death predictors.
January 30, 1995... It appears there are no independent HIV-specific clinical parameters which are predictive of death in HIV-positive patients with neurological failure, according to a French study. More than half of all patients infected with HIV develop...

Researchers warn tuberculosis still global crisis.
January 30, 1995... Almost two years after it was declared a global crisis, tuberculosis (TB) threatens to strike 90 million people this decade and kill 30 million if worldwide efforts against it don't improve, researchers warn. "The magnitude of the global...

ISIS 5320 may have potential in AIDS therapy. (phosphorothioate oligonucleotide)
January 30, 1995... The phosphorothioate oligonucleotide ISIS 5320 is a potential candidate for anti-HIV-chemotherapy, and shows synergistic activity with zidovudine. HIV productively infects immune system cells expressing cell surface CD4. The interaction of...

Integrase inhibitors appear on horizon.
January 30, 1995... Even as experimental inhibitors of HIV protease are reaching clinical trials, researchers are hot on the trail of inhibitors of yet another vital HIV enzyme. The first three antiretroviral drugs approved for the treatment of HIV disease -...

Thromboembolism and HIV-infection: protein S deficiency and hypoalbuminemia as risk factors for thrombosis. (Research Report)
January 30, 1995... According to an abstract submitted by the authors to the 36th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Hematology, held December 2-6, 1994, in Nashville, Tennessee, "Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-infection was reported to be associated...

High serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in HIV-infected patients as a CD4 cell count depletion predictor. (Research Report)
January 30, 1995... According to an abstract submitted by the authors to the 36th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Hematology, held December 2-6, 1994, in Nashville, Tennessee, "One common characteristic of HIV infection is the gradual depletion of the...

Production of Th1-cytokines in lymphocytes of HIV-infected individuals; detection of cytokines on single cell level by flow cytometry. (Research Report)
January 30, 1995... According to an abstract submitted by the authors to the 36th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Hematology, held December 2-6, 1994, in Nashville, Tennessee, "One of the main characteristics of HIV-1 infection is the loss of CD4+ T...

MIP-1-alpha is induced by and inhibits HIV infection of blood-derived macrophages. (Research Report)
January 30, 1995... According to an abstract submitted by the authors to the 36th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Hematology, held December 2-6, 1994, in Nashville, Tennessee, "Cytokines produced by Macrophages (MA) regulate immune responses and...

Direct role of HIV (clonal integration) in Kaposi's sarcoma: evidence for a novel mode of pathogenesis 'sequential neoplasia.' (Research Report)
January 30, 1995... According to an abstract submitted by the authors to the 36th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Hematology, held December 2-6, 1994, in Nashville, Tennessee, "In a recent article we reported 4 cases of HIV-associated non B-cell...

Gene transfer into highly-purified CD34+Thy-1+Lin- human peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cells. (Research Report)
January 30, 1995... According to an abstract submitted by the authors to the 36th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Hematology, held December 2-6, 1994, in Nashville, Tennessee, "Human hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) which are CD34+Thy-1+Lin- have been...

Gene transfer into terminally differentiated primary human peripheral blood-derived mononuclear cells by adeno-associated virus vectors. (Research Report)
January 30, 1995... According to an abstract submitted by the authors to the 36th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Hematology, held December 2-6, 1994, in Nashville, Tennessee, "Gene transfer vectors based upon the nonpathogenic parvovirus,...

Biochemical mechanism of HIV-1 Vpr function - oligomerization mediated by the N-terminal domain. (reprinted from Journal of Biological Chemistry, Dec 23, 1994) (Periodical Report) (Abstract)
January 30, 1995... According to the authors' abstract of an article published in Journal of Biological Chemistry, "The human immunodeficiency virus, type 1 (HIV-1) genome encodes a 15-kDa accessory gene product, Vpr, that is essential for virus replication in...

Anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 activity of phosphorothioate analogs of oligodeoxynucleotides: penetration and localization of oligodeoxynucleotides in HIV-1-infected MOLT4 cells. (reprinted from Nucleic Acids Research, Nov 25, 1994) (Periodical Report) (Abstract)
January 30, 1995... According to the authors' abstract of an article published in Nucleic Acids Research, "Phosphorothioate antisense oligodeoxynucleotide against HIV-1 rev (S-ODN-rev) inhibits virus-induced cytopathic effects (CPE) in acute infection and inhibits...

A multicenter, case-controlled study of the clinical presentation and etiology of ascites and of the safety and clinical efficacy of diagnostic abdominal paracentesis in HIV seropositive patients. (reprinted from American Journal of Gastroenterology, December 1994) (Periodical Report) (Abstract)
January 30, 1995... According to the authors' abstract of an article published in American Journal of Gastroenterology, "Objective: To analyze the clinical presentation and etiology of ascites in HIV seropositive patients compared with the general population and...

Heart muscle disease related to HIV infection: prognostic implications. (reprinted from British Medical Journal, Dec 17, 1994) (Periodical Report) (Abstract)
January 30, 1995... According to the authors' abstract of an article published in British Medical Journal, "Objectives: To determine the natural course of heart muscle disease in patients infected with HIV. Designs: Prospective echocardiographic survey and...

Changes in cytokine secretion patterns of CD4+ T-cell clones in human immunodeficiency virus infection. (reprinted from Blood, Dec 15, 1994) (Periodical Report) (Abstract)
January 30, 1995... According to the authors' abstract of an article published in Blood, "In addition to the loss of CD4+ T cells in later stages of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, functional defects of Th cells can already be observed in early...

Human immunodeficiency virus nucleocapsid protein accelerates strand transfer of the terminally redundant sequences involved in reverse transcription. (reprinted from Journal of Biological Chemistry, Dec 16, 1994) (Periodical Report) (Abstract)
January 30, 1995... According to the authors' abstract of an article published in Journal of Biological Chemistry, "During the initial stages of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication, 5'-terminally redundant (R') DNA, the minus strand synthesized as the...

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) inhibition, DNA-binding, RNA-binding, and ribosome inactivation activities in the N-terminal segments of the plant anti-HIV protein GAP31. (reprinted from the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Dec 6, 1994) (Periodical Report) (Abstract)
January 30, 1995... According to the authors' abstract of an article published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, "GAP31 (gelonium anti-HIV protein of 31 kDa) is an anti-HIV protein which we have identified and...

Inhibition of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase by a quinazolinone and comparison with inhibition by pyridinones - differences in the rates of inhibitor binding and in synergistic inhibition with nucleoside analogs. (reprinted from Journal of Biological Chemistry, Dec 23, 1994) (Periodical Report) (Abstract)
January 30, 1995... According to the authors' abstract of an article published in Journal of Biological Chemistry, "6-Chloro-(4S)-cyclopropyl-3,4-dihydro 4-((2-pyridyl)-ethynyl)quinazolin-2(1H)-one (L-738,372) is representative of a novel structural class of...

The carboxyl-terminal region of HIV-1 Nef protein is a cell surface domain that can interact with CD4+ T cells. (reprinted from Journal of Immunology, Dec 15, 1994) (Periodical Report) (Abstract)
January 30, 1995... According to the authors' abstract of an article published in Journal of Immunology, "Our previous studies have shown that the HIV-1 Nef Ag is expressed, at least in part, on the surface of infected cells. We demonstrated this by using...

HIV disease progression in 854 women and men infected through injecting drug use and heterosexual sex and followed for up to nine years from seroconversion. (reprinted from British Medical Journal, Dec 10, 1994) (Periodical Report) (Abstract)
January 30, 1995... According to the authors' abstract of an article published in British Medical Journal, "Objective: To compare the progression of HIV-1 infection in men and women followed up for up to nine years after an accurately estimated date of...

Does symptomatic primary HIV-1 infection accelerate progression to CDC stage IV disease, CD4 count below 200 x 1,000,000 L, AIDS, and death from AIDS? (reprinted from British Medical Journal, Dec 10, 1994) (Periodical Report) (Abstract)
January 30, 1995... According to the authors' abstract of an article published in British Medical Journal, "Objective: To investigate the prognostic significance of symptomatic primary HIV-1 infection. Designs: Prospective study of homosexual men seroconverting...

Progression of human immunodeficiency virus disease among infants and children infected perinatally with human immunodeficiency virus or through neonatal blood transfusion. (reprinted from Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, December 1994) (Periodical Report) (Abstract)
January 30, 1995... According to the authors' abstract of an article published in Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, "Using community based surveillance data for pediatric human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, we examined disease progression using...

Condoms for teens.
January 23, 1995... Condoms alone will not change the fact that the U.S. leads the developed world in teen AIDS risk. But they can help. And a carefully controlled new study shows that they can't hurt. More than one in 10 U.S. teenage girls become pregnant....

Remarkable AIDS discovery. (breakthrough in AIDS pathogenesis research)
January 23, 1995... Two studies published in the journal Nature show that a dramatic struggle between HIV and the immune system begins the moment a person is infected with HIV. The findings, first reported in AIDS Weekly (October 24, 1994; p.5-6), shatter...

TB mortality in Eastern Europe greater than in west. (tuberculosis)
January 23, 1995... Tuberculosis (TB) mortality in all Eastern European countries remains higher than in Western Europe, according to a World Health Organization (WHO) report. In recent years a reversed trend or a levelling off in TB notifications has been...

Prevalence of hemophilia and impact of HIV infection in Italy evaluated.
January 23, 1995... Researchers from Italy indicated that data obtained from a computerized, national registry of patients from 95 percent of the hemophilia care centers in Italy may be useful in increasing worldwide knowledge of the epidemiology of hemophilia and...

Particle-mediated gene transfer superior to retroviral approach in HIV infection.
January 23, 1995... Introduction of Rev M10 in human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) by gold microparticles conferred resistance to HIV infection in vitro to cloned and clinical isolates, according to a team of American researchers. Particle-mediated gene...

HIV-1 envelope quaternary structure has antigenic implications.
January 23, 1995... The antigenic structure of the HIV-1 envelope (env) is significantly affected by quaternary interactions, and the oligomeric state of env should be considered in designing potential subunit vaccines, researchers indicated. Christopher C....

Duke scientists report on ambitious efforts.
January 23, 1995... Scientists from four Duke University Medical Center departments have started 1995 with an ambitious resolution: they want significant progress in their goal of developing an HIV vaccine made from artificial pieces of the virus that causes the...

HLA-DR5 and DR-6 alleles tied to CD8 response in HIV-1.
January 23, 1995... Certain HLA-DR5 and HLA-DR6 major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II alleles are associated with a CD8 lymphocytic host response to HIV-1, according to a report from New York's Columbia University. It is not currently known whether the...

Enzyme linked to development of toxoplasmosis therapeutic.
January 23, 1995... A newly identified chemical could lead to a drug to fight toxoplasmosis, a widespread parasitic infection that commonly causes dementia in AIDS patients and can be fatal to unborn babies, scientists said. The drug would work by interfering...

HIV in lungs evolves independently from the blood.
January 23, 1995... HIV-1 strains in the lungs of HIV-positive persons evolve independently from those in peripheral blood, according to a report from New York's Columbia University. Researcher Silviu Itescu and colleagues found that HIV-1 strains in the lungs...

MAC bacteremia may precede tissue disease in HIV+. (Mycobacterium avium complex)
January 23, 1995... After colonization and invasion of a mucosal surface of the gut or lung, mycobacteria causing Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) multiply locally, then gain entry into the bloodstream, disseminate and seed multiple organs, according to a report...

DDI useful for long-term therapy in children with AIDS. (didanosine)
January 23, 1995... Didanosine (ddI) is well tolerated with chronic administration in children with AIDS and should be considered first-line therapy even in patients who can tolerate zidovudine, according to a report from the U.S. National Cancer Institute....

High-fat breakfast promotes prolonged AZT absorption.
January 23, 1995... Eating a high-fat breakfast appears to prolong the time to absorption of zidovudine, but it does not diminish its effectiveness, according to a report from the State University of New York. Several studies evaluating the effect of food on...

Researchers report on 11 HIV-infected liver recipients.
January 23, 1995... Researchers from France indicated that pending a consensus, indications for and against liver transplantation in HIV-seropositive patients need to be carefully considered on a case-by-case basis. Although screening of blood and organ donors...

History of transfusion and increased risk of lymphoma in HIV-positive men. (Research Report)
January 23, 1995... According to an abstract submitted by the authors to the 36th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Hematology, held December 2-6, 1994, in Nashville, Tennessee, "Purpose: To assess the epidemiologic and biologic correlates of high and...

Phase I study of aerosolized alpha interferon in HIV-infected persons. (Research Report)
January 23, 1995... According to an abstract submitted by the authors to the 36th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Hematology, held December 2-6, 1994, in Nashville, Tennessee, "Although most persons with HIV-1-related Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) ultimately die...

Temporal trends and characteristics of malignancy in hemophiliacs with AIDS. (Research Report)
January 23, 1995... According to an abstract submitted by the authors to the 36th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Hematology, held December 2-6, 1994, in Nashville, Tennessee, "Temporal changes in malignancy and opportunistic infection in a cohort of 392...

Very high frequency of HIV-specific cytotoxic T cells in haemophilia patients. (Research Report)
January 23, 1995... According to an abstract submitted by the authors to the 36th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Hematology, held December 2-6, 1994, in Nashville, Tennessee, "HIV-specific cytotoxic T cells (CTL) are believed to play an important role...

Combined immunotoxin and chemotherapy for initial treatment of AIDS lymphoma. (Research Report)
January 23, 1995... According to an abstract submitted by the authors to the 36th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Hematology, held December 2-6, 1994, in Nashville, Tennessee, "In an effort to improve the outcome for patients with AIDS-related...

Cobalamins and AIDS: potent inhibition of HIV-1 infection of human monocytes, peritoneal macrophages, and blood mononuclear cells in vitro by hydroxocobalamin, methylcobalamin or adenosylcobalamin. (Research Report)
January 23, 1995... According to an abstract submitted by the authors to the 36th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Hematology, held December 2-6, 1994, in Nashville, Tennessee, "We have previously shown that nitric oxide (NO) binds to the cobalt of...

Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) infection in vitro after intracellular expression of an antibody fragment directed against reverse transcriptase. (Research Report)
January 23, 1995... According to an abstract submitted by the authors to the 36th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Hematology, held December 2-6, 1994, in Nashville, Tennessee, "We tested a novel strategy of intracellular immunization to block HIV-1...

Transfusion-associated human immunodeficiency virus type 1 from screened antibody-negative blood donors. (reprinted from the Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, December 1994) (Periodical Report) (Abstract)
January 23, 1995... According to the authors' abstract of an article published in Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, "Cases of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection acquired from transfusion of screened antibody-negative blood have been...

MT-2 cell tropism of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates as a marker for response to treatment and development of drug resistance. (reprinted from the Journal of Infectious Diseases, December 1994) (Periodical Report) (Abstract)
January 23, 1995... According to the authors' abstract of an article published in the Journal of Infectious Diseases, "The correlation of the tropism of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates for MT-2 cells with response to zidovudine and didanosine...

T cell cytokine responses in persons with tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus infection. (reprinted from the Journal of Clinical Investigation, December 1994) (Periodical Report) (Abstract)
January 23, 1995... According to the authors' abstract of an article published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation, "Tuberculosis causes more extensive and life-threatening disease in patients with HIV infection than in immunocompetent persons. To...

Resistance to HIV-1 infection. (reprinted from the Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, December 1994) (Periodical Report) (Abstract)
January 23, 1995... According to the authors' abstract of an article published in the Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, "Men from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study were classified as 'susceptible' and 'resistant' to HIV infection. Resistant men...

The cytoplasmic domain of CD4 plays a critical role during the early stages of HIV infection in T-cells. (reprinted from EMBO Journal, December 1, 1994) (Periodical Report) (Abstract)
January 23, 1995... According to the authors' abstract of an article published in the EMBO Journal, "The role played by the cytoplasmic domain of the CD4 molecule in the process of HIV infection was investigated, using A2.01 cells which express different forms of...

Seroprevalence of HIV-1 and syphilis antibodies in blood donors in Gonder, Ethiopia, 1989-1993. (reprinted from the Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, December 1994) (Periodical Report) (Abstract)
January 23, 1995... According to the authors' abstract of an article published in the Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, "Data are presented from serologic screening for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in all blood donors (n=3,696) in...

Neuronal density in the superior frontal and temporal gyri does not correlate with the degree of human immunodeficiency virus-associated dementia. (reprinted from Acta Neuropathologica, December 1994) (Periodical Report) (Abstract)
January 23, 1995... According to the authors' abstract of an article published in Acta Neuropathologica, "Human immune deficiency virus (HIV) disease may be associated, neuropathologically, with significant neuronal loss and clinically with a severe dementia....

Educating workers about tuberculosis. (reprinted from Occupational Medicine - State of Art Reviews, October-December 1994) (Periodical Report) (Abstract)
January 23, 1995... According to the authors' abstract of an article published in Occupational Medicine - State of the Art Reviews, "At a state penitentiary, workers are told that the communicable disease unit is a safe environment in which to work due to the...

The cost effectiveness of voluntary counseling and testing of hospital inpatients for HIV infection. (reprinted from JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association, December 21, 1994) (Periodical Report) (Abstract)
January 23, 1995... According to the authors' abstract of an article published in JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association, "Objective: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of voluntary counseling and testing of U.S. hospital inpatients for the human...

Healthcare delivery, zidovudine use, and survival of women and men with AIDS. (reprinted from the Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, December 1994) (Periodical Report) (Abstract)
January 23, 1995... According to the authors' abstract of an article published in the Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, "The aim of this study was to define predictors of survival for women and men after AIDS diagnosis. We examined health care...

A prospective evaluation of antituberculosis therapy in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. (reprinted from the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, December 1994) (Periodical Report) (Abstract)
January 23, 1995... According to the authors' abstract of an article published in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, "The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy and toxicity of a standard antituberculosis regimen in...

Duesberg redux. (Peter Duesberg's paper on HIV and AIDS)
January 9, 1995... Back in 1987 it seemed that every scientific article having anything at all to do with AIDS began with the words "HIV is the etiologic agent of AIDS." Although by then it had been well established that HIV was closely associated with AIDS,...

New herpesvirus latest in long line of candidate KS causes. (Kaposi's sarcoma)
January 9, 1995... Exciting new evidence that a novel herpesvirus may cause Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) appeared in the December 26, 1994 & January 2, 1995, issue of AIDS Weekly. It may be recalled that epidemic KS among gay men heralded recognition of the AIDS...

Body weight, sex, disease stage influence zidovudine.
January 9, 1995... Body weight, sex and stage of disease significantly influence plasma concentrations of zidovudine and may explain excess toxicities, according to a report from the Netherlands. Due to its rapid approval the pharmacokinetics of zidovudine were...

Rapid HIV-1 recombinant GP160 vaccine schedules show promise.
January 9, 1995... An accelerated dose schedule for HIV-1 recombinant gp160 vaccine (rgp160) in healthy volunteers was well tolerated and induced immune responses at levels previously achieved through longer dose schedules, U.S. researchers reported. The...

Recombinant HIV vaccine with MF59 adjuvant in tolerated.
January 9, 1995... Healthy adults who are not HIV-infected can tolerate a vaccine of recombinant gp120 HIV[.sup.SF2] with MF59 adjuvant and will develop antibody responses, researchers from California indicated. James O. Kahn, San Francisco General Hospital,...

Mycobacteriosis major reason for unknown fever in HIV.
January 9, 1995... Mycobacterial infection should be considered as a first-line diagnosis in HIV-infected patients with fever of unknown origin, according to a report from France's Bichat-Claude Bernard Hopital. Fever is common in patients with HIV, and is...

WHO concludes eight assays appropriate for screening use. (World Health Organization)
January 9, 1995... Researchers from Switzerland evaluated eight HIV-antibody assays available under the World Health Organization (WHO) bulk-procurement agreement and concluded that all eight tests are appropriate for use as screening tests. Niel T....

Simplified approach to assessing TB pleural effusion needed.
January 9, 1995... Diagnosis of tuberculous pleuritis and disseminated tuberculosis (TB) is possible in an Africa referral center with conventional diagnostic methods irrespective of HIV status. "In sub-Saharan Africa, a systematic case finding of tuberculous...

Women with AIDS die faster.
January 9, 1995... Women infected with HIV die faster than men with the infection, a large study found. No medical reason for the difference was apparent, said the study's authors, led by Sandra L. Melnick, an epidemiologist at the University of Minnesota...

V3 peptide serology increases chance of finding subtype O.
January 9, 1995... Researchers from Belgium and France stressed the importance of studying the spread of HIV-1 viruses from group O because some of their sera react negatively in some HIV-screening assays and produce Western blot (WB) patterns that are...

Not all infected patients die rapidly with AIDS.
January 9, 1995... Researchers from Louisiana reported their study results support the argument that upregulated HTLV-I/II virus expression and disease manifestations take place during coinfection with HIV, and sometimes along with normal CD4 counts. Mark A....

HIV and HCV coinfection likely to show change in genotype. (hepatitis C virus)
January 9, 1995... A British study showed the similarity of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype distribution in a group of individuals with hemophilia with that of area blood donors, from whom the clotting factor was manufactured. Lisa M. Jarvis, University...

HIV infection leads to elevated IGG autoantibodies to TCR. (immunoglobulin G, T-cell receptors)
January 9, 1995... Researchers from Arizona reported that HIV infection in humans brings about two processes that result in the elevated production of IgG autoantibodies to the alpha/beta T-cell receptors (TCRs). Events that lead from infection with HIV to...

Voluntary HIV counseling and testing not cost-effective.
January 9, 1995... There is no justification for voluntary HIV testing of hospital in-patients to prevent HIV infection of healthcare workers, according to a new University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), cost-effectiveness study published in the December...

New triazole D0870 shows activity against C. albicans. (Candida albicans)
January 9, 1995... The new antifungal triazole D0870 may represent a valid alternative in the treatment of oral candidiasis in HIV infected patients, according to a report from the University of Texas Health Science Center. Researcher Francesco Barchiesi and...

CD26 not involved in PBMC infection by HIV-1. (peripheral blood mononuclear cells)
January 9, 1995... CD26 does not appear to be involved in infection of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells by HIV-1, according to a report from the University of California at San Francisco. HIV-1 infection is initiated by the binding of virion-associated...

Apoptosis evident at lower levels in HIV-2 than in HIV-1.
January 9, 1995... Apoptosis or programmed cell death occurs at lower levels in asymptomatic patients with HIV-2 infection compared with those infected with HIV-1, according to a report from Portugal. Recent evidence suggests that T-cell apoptosis could be...