Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists articles from July 1994

Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists archives from July 1994

Walking too softly. (failure to intervene in Bosnia-Herzegovina) (Column)
July 1, 1994... In November 1989, I stood in the square in front of the "Red City Hall" in East Berlin and watched the death of communism. That day, 20,000 East Germans--finally fed up with it all--booed and mocked hard-line German Marxist leadership. It was...

Russian reform: for women, it's not working.
July 1, 1994... "In Communist times, women didn't think their souls could be satisfied by their lives," says Nina Chugunova, a reporter for Ogonyok in Moscow. "their low salaries made them think they were worthless." Democracy hasn't been much kinder....

French nuclear power loses its punch.
July 1, 1994... Nuclear power advocates who like to cite France as a country with a model nuclear program might do well to start looking elsewhere. The last few years have not been kind to French nuclear projects. The French civilian power industry owes...

The milk river with chocolate banks. (the history of economic failures in Russia) (Column)
July 1, 1994... A friend called from Moscow just to tell me the latest joke. He could afford this call, although it cost as much as two week's salary for the average Russian. Laughs have been on the decline since the beginning of perestroika, but this guy...

Delusions v. conversion. (military conversion in Russia)
July 1, 1994... Protesters from Russia's military-industrial complex filled the square in front of the Moscow White House on April 26. Their grievances--as reflected on their handwritten placards--included the bitter claim that a hastily launched policy of...

A confederation of caution. (Bill Clinton's foreign policy)
July 1, 1994... At a mid-May conference on multilateral peacekeeping held in Yokohama, Japan, several Japanese remarked that the long-cautious Japanese policy toward overseas involvement in U.N. peacekeeping efforts is now roughly matched by the United States....

Early retirement for weaponeers? (nuclear weapons engineers)
July 1, 1994... About four years ago--he won't say exactly when--David Dearborn graciously invited some friends to the Nevada desert to witness what he was sure would be his last nuclear test. Whatever the 44-year-old physicist lowered down the hole that day...

Nuckolls rapped. (John H. Nuckolls of the Lawrence Livermore Nuclear Laboratory seeks to preserve funding)
July 1, 1994... The gathering April 29 in the auditorium of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory resembled a living wake. That afternoon, John H. Nuckolls stepped down from the helm of one of the nation's two nuclear weapons design laboratories. Never before...

Shopping spree softens test-ban sorrows. (at the Department of Energy)
July 1, 1994... Over the past year, the Energy Department's nuclear weapons laboratories have proposed a $2 billion wish list of new facilities to help them conduct non-nuclear tests on nuclear weapons. One might suppose that advocates of a comprehensive...

Flimsy memories. (espionage charges against American scientists made by Pavel Sudoplatov; includes related article)
July 1, 1994... Years ago, Lord Alfred Duff Cooper, a member of Britain's wartime cabinet, wrote a much-reviewed memoir called Old Men Forget. The book was a helpful addition to what we knew about British politics and diplomacy in the 1930s and 1940s. Special...

An unreliable witness. (Pavel Sudoplatov, who has made espionage charges against American nuclear scientists)
July 1, 1994... I am in an alley, at the door of one of the many houses in Moscow that belong to the Russian Foreign Intelligence Service. The goal of my visit is to find out what I can from this successor agency to the KGB, the guardian of its archives, about...

South Africa and the affordable bomb. (includes related articles)
July 1, 1994... F.W. de Klerk's announcement in March 1993 that South Africa had secretly developed a small nuclear arsenal--and then junked it--was startling in its candor. Nevertheless, President de Klerk's announcement left many questions unanswered...

The French mess nucleaire. (radioactive pollution)
July 1, 1994... "It will certainly be necessary some day for the authorities to explain what they have done and are going to do with the wastes resulting from the French military nuclear program," Deputy Christian Bataille wrote four years ago in a...

Nuclear Weapons Databook, Vol. V: British, French, and Chinese Nuclear Weapons.
July 1, 1994... During the 1960s, George B. Kistiakowsky, then the presidential science adviser, once remarked that it would be a miracle if nuclear weapons were not used again before the end of the century. As recent events in Iraq and North Korea have...

Cuba on the Brink: Castro, the Missile Crisis and the Soviet Collapse.
July 1, 1994... Bruce Allyn, James Blight, and David Welch are three of the most successful surfers on glasnost's wave. Under the auspices of Harvard University's John F. Kennedy School of Government and Brown University's Center for Foreign Policy...

Tension Between Opposites: Reflections on the Practice and Theory of Politics.
July 1, 1994... Paul H. Nitze is a long-time public official who served in the Roosevelt, Truman, Nixon, and Reagan administrations. A consummate "insider," Nitze was fired from government four times and resigned three times because he found his position "to...

U.S. nuclear weapons stockpile, July 1994.
July 1, 1994... The operational U.S. nuclear stockpile--those warheads that accompany deployed forces--is at its lowest level since the late 1950s (see March 1993 "Nuclear Notebook"). This past year was spent withdrawing weapons from forward deployment sites,...

Bad posture; the nuclear priesthood slouches onward. (Column)
July 1, 1994... The Pentagon raised enormous expectations with its Nuclear Posture Review (NPR) announced by Defense Secretary Les Aspin last year and originally scheduled for completion in March. The effort was described as "a comprehensive, basic,...