The Brown University Digest of Addiction Theory and Application articles from November 1995

The Brown University Digest of Addiction Theory and Application archives from November 1995

Facilitator model may improve detection, intervention in primary care. (adapted from the Journal of Continuing Education in the Health Professions, 15:106-116, 1995)
November 1, 1995... A newly developed program that makes use of specially rained health facilitators may help physicians learn how to identify and intervene with substance abusers and patients at high risk for substance abuse in their medical practices,...

'Logic model' serves entire tribal community in formulating prevention plans. (adapted from the Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly, 13:43-62, 1995)
November 1, 1995... Drug and alcohol prevention programs that consider the community as the client system may be most helpful in reaching Native American youth, according to a recent article published in Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly. E. Daniel Edwards, DSW,...

Evaluation shows mixed results for Indian reservation program. (drug and alcohol prevention program)(includes editor comment)(adapted from Public Health Reports, 110:439-447, 1995)
November 1, 1995... Although a four-year longitudinal study found reduced use of alcohol and marijuana among Native American youth on one reservation, University of Washington evaluators are hesitant to attribute the results to a prevention program, according to...

New scale taps self-efficacy for avoiding all drugs. (adapted from the Journal of Substance Abuse, 7:151-163, 1995)
November 1, 1995... A new assessment scale offers a reliable and valid means for measuring feelings of self-efficacy among young people who abuse multiple substances, according to an article in a recent issue of the Journal of Substance Abuse. Authors Garth W....

Cocaine use precedes many fatal injuries in NYC young adults. (New York City)(adapted from the New England Journal of Medicine, 332:1753-1757, 1995)
November 1, 1995... Cocaine use may rank among the top five causes of death among young people, ages 15 to 44, who live in New York City, according to a recent article in The New England Journal of Medicine. Investigators Peter M. Marzuk, M.D., and colleagues...

Smoking cessation substantially reduces men's risk of stroke. (adapted from the Journal of the American Medical Association, 274:155-160, 1995)
November 1, 1995... Men who quit smoking can lessen their risk of stroke substantially over time, according to a report in a recent issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association. A study conducted by researchers from the Royal Free Hospital School of...

Excessive alcohol may accelerate development of AIDS symptoms. (adapted from Alcohol, 12,2:105-109, 1995)
November 1, 1995... Excessive alcohol consumption and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are two major public health problems in the United States. Overwhelming evidence is showing that heavy alcohol ingestion broadly suppresses the various arms of immune...

Better screening needed to predict alcohol dependence in ER patients. (emergency room)(adapted from Addictive Behaviors, 20,4:427-441, 1995)
November 1, 1995... This study examines sensitivity and specificity figures associated with screens used to predict harmful drinking and alcohol dependence among current drinkers. The study population comes from a probability sample of emergency room patients...

Socioeconomic status helps predict recovery path for problem drinkers. (adapted from Addictive Behaviors, 20,4:427-441, 1995)
November 1, 1995... This 3-year longitudinal study examined two recovery pathways among 135 problem drinking individuals who never received professional treatment. Almost half (48.3%) of those individuals for whom outcome could be determined clearly became...

Drinking problems a factor in Finnish male unemployment. (adapted from Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 37,1:71-82, 1995)
November 1, 1995... Research on unemployment has paid little attention to drinking and drinking problems. From the 1970s onwards, the association of drinking and unemployment has come under systematic study. Contrasting tendencies emerge from this research....

Women with abusive parents more likely to abuse alcohol. (adapted from the Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 56,2:207-217, 1995)
November 1, 1995... Researchers sought to examine whether childhood victimization leads to increased risk of alcohol abuse in young adulthood and whether there are differential responses by gender and type of abuse. Substantial cases of child abuse and/or...

Treating teens for alcohol abuse does not reduce other medical service use. (adapted from the International Journal of the Addictions, 30,7:795-822, 1995)
November 1, 1995... Research on adults has documented that use of medical services declines after initiation of treatment for alcohol problems, but little is known about this relationship among adolescents. The authors studied utilization and costs of care...

EAP evaluations need to assess program structure, cost, and outcomes. (Employee Assistance Programs)(adapted from the Journal of Drug Issues, 25,2:451-470, 1995)
November 1, 1995... Employee Assistance Programs (EAPs) represent a relatively new fringe benefit for workers; the number of these programs has been increasing steadily in worksites of all sizes. Despite this surge in the growth of EAPS, few studies have estimated...

Methadone dose is key to preventing heroin use in time-limited clinics. (adapted from Addiction, 90,6:823-830, 1995)
November 1, 1995... This study is based on a "natural experiment" in which a group of heroin users was assessed at one unit, then referred on geographic grounds to treatment to one of two clinics -- one oriented to time-limited treatment aimed at achieving...

Gender a determining factor in CD treatment outcomes. (co-dependent)(adapted from the American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 21,2:267-281, 1995)
November 1, 1995... Although much research has compared males and females who seek substance abuse treatment, little attention has been given to factors that moderate or mediate relations between gender and dependent measures such as psychological functioning and...

Family dysfunction correlates to later substanc abuse. (adapted from Child Abuse and Neglect, 19,5:519-530, 1995)
November 1, 1995... Although the link between substance abuse and child maltreatment has been relatively well established, there is a general recognition that the link between substance abuse and child maltreatment is not a simple cause and effect relationship....

Cyberspace & the future of research universities.
November 1, 1995... As a novice to cyberspace, I have been interested in learning to participate in the communication revolution. I have gradually become accustomed to e-mail, and have begun to browse the Internet. Our Center at Brown is already the site of the...