Annual Review of Genetics articles from January 1 2002

Annual Review of Genetics archives from January 1 2002

Directions in Evolutionary Biology.
January 1, 2002... Key Words: phylogeny, natural selection, genomics, ecological genetics, novelties Abstract In order to understand both the past and future directions of research in evolutionary biology we need to begin by understanding in what way...

Genetic mating systems and reproductive natural histories of fishes: Lessons for ecology and evolution.
January 1, 2002... Key Words molecular markers, parentage analysis, cuckoldry, sexual selection, alternative reproductive tactics Abstract Fish species have diverse breeding behaviors that make them valuable for testing theories on genetic mating...

Genetics of motility and chemotaxis of a fascinating group of bacteria: The spirochetes.
January 1, 2002... Key Words Lyme disease, syphilis, motility, flagella, sensory transduction, virulence Abstract Spirochetes are a medically important and ecologically significant group of motile bacteria with a distinct morphology. Outermost is a...

Recombination in evolutionary genomics.
January 1, 2002... Key Words phylogeny, incongruence, maximum likelihood, bioinformatics, linkage disequilibrium Abstract Recombination can be a dominant force in shaping genomes and associated phenotypes. To better understand the impact of...

Development and function of the angiosperm female gametophyte.
January 1, 2002... Key Words female gametophyte, embryo sac, plant reproduction, Arabidopsis Abstract The plant life cycle alternates between a diploid sporophyte generation and a haploid gametophyte generation. The angiosperm female gametophyte is...

Primordial genetics: Phenotype of the ribocyte.
January 1, 2002... Key Words SELEX, selection-amplification, RNA world, replication, translation, RNA cell Abstract The idea that the ancestors of modem cells were RNA cells (ribocytes) can be investigated by asking whether all essential cellular...

Studying gene function in eukaryotes by conditional gene inactivation.
January 1, 2002... Key Words tetracycline-controlled expression system, site-specific recombinases, transgenic animals, conditional overexpression, knock-in mice Abstract The prospect of specifically controlling gene activities in vivo has become a...

DNA topology-mediated control of global gene expression in Escherichia Coli.
January 1, 2002... Key Words DNA supercoiling, SIDD, transcriptional coupling, energy charge, metabolic regulation Abstract Because the level of DNA superhelicity varies with the cellular energy charge, it can change rapidly in response to a wide...

Meiotic recombination and chromosome segregation in Drosophila females.
January 1, 2002... Key Words double-strand break, meiotic recombination, Drosophila, crossing over, oogenesis, synaptonemal complex Abstract In this review, we describe the pathway for generating meiotic crossovers in Drosophila melanogaster females...

Xist RNA and the mechanism of X chromosome inactivation.
January 1, 2002... Key Words dosage compensation, imprinting, Tsix RNA, facultative heterochromatin, differentiation Abstract Dosage compensation in mammals is achieved by the transcriptional inactivation of one X chromosome in female cells. From the...

Origins of spontaneous mutations: Specificity and directionality of base-substitution, frameshift, and sequence-substitution mutageneses.
January 1, 2002... Key Words replication fidelity, DNA polymerase, DNA repair, mutator, antimutator, oxygen radicals, repetitive sequence Abstract Spontaneous mutations are derived from various sources, including errors made during replication of...

Transvection effects in Drosophila.
January 1, 2002... Key Words transvection, Zeste, bithorax complex, somatic pairing, enhancer-promoter interactions Abstract An unusual feature of the Diptera is that homologous chromosomes are intimately synapsed in somatic cells. At a number of loci...

Genetics of influenza viruses.
January 1, 2002... Key Words mutants, antigenicity, reassortment, recombination, pathogenicity Abstract Influenza A viruses contain genomes composed of eight separate segments of negative-sense RNA. Circulating human strains are notorious for their...

Allosteric cascade of spliceosome activation.
January 1, 2002... Key Words splicing, snRNP, RNA, intron, pre-mRNA Abstract Introns are removed from precursor messenger RNAs in the cell nucleus by a large ribonucleoprotein complex called the spliceosome. The spliceosome contains five subcomplexes...

Genetic engineering using homologous recombination (1).
January 1, 2002... Key Words DNA replication forks, strand annealing, in vivo cloning, oligo recombination, recombineering Abstract In the past few years, in vivo technologies have emerged that, due to their efficiency and simplicity, may one day...

Chromosome rearrangements and transposable elements.
January 1, 2002... Key Words Barbara McClintock, chromosome rearrangements, synteny, living fossils, stasis Abstract There has been limited corroboration to date for McClintock's vision of gene regulation by transposable elements (TEs), although her...

Genetics of sensory mechanotransduction.
January 1, 2002... Key Words mechanosensation, touch, balance, hearing, proprioception Abstract The molecular mechanisms for the transduction of light and chemical signals in animals are fairly well understood. In contrast, the processes by which the...

Understanding the function of actin-binding proteins through genetic analysis of Drosophila oogenesis.
January 1, 2002... Key Words ring canal, actin regulation, actin crosslinker, follicle cell, migration Abstract Much of our knowledge of the actin cytoskeleton has been derived from biochemical and cell biological approaches, through which...

Genetics of Cryptococcus neoformans.
January 1, 2002... Key Words Cryptococcus neoformans, mating, signaling, genetics, pathogenesis Abstract Cryptococcus neoformans is a pathogenic fungus that primarily afflicts immunocompromised patients, infecting the central nervous system to cause...

Toward maintaining the genome: DNA damage and replication checkpoints.
January 1, 2002... Key Words genomic instability, repair, ATM, BRCA1, p53 Abstract DNA checkpoints play a significant role in cancer pathology, perhaps most notably in maintaining genome stability. This review summarizes the genetic and molecular...

The feline genome project (1).
January 1, 2002... Key Words feline, comparative, genome, genetic map, cat Abstract The compilation of a dense gene map and eventually a whole genome sequence (WGS) of the domestic cat holds considerable value for human genome annotation, for...

Genetic approaches to molecular and cellular cognition: A focus on LTP and learning and memory.(long-term potentiation)
January 1, 2002... Key Words plasticity, hippocampus, synapse, gene targeting, transgenic Abstract Long-term potentiation (LTP) is the predominant experimental model for the synaptic plasticity mechanisms thought to underlie learning and memory. This...

Estimating F-statistics.
January 1, 2002... Key Words population structure, forensic profiles, inbreeding, relatedness Abstract A moment estimator of [theta], the coancestry coefficient for alleles within a population, was described by Weir & Cockerham in 1984 (100) and is...