Finance & Development articles from September 1993

Finance & Development archives from September 1993

Investing in health. (includes related article) (Cover Story)
September 1, 1993... COUNTRIES worldwide spend huge sums on health--about $1,700 billion a year, or roughly 8 percent of global income. But the World Development Report 1993 shows that these monies could be spent much more wisely, in the process doing a great deal to...

Rethinking the government's role in health.
September 1, 1993... AS DEVELOPING countries wrestle with the appropriate role for government in health care, the World Development Report 1993 calls for a large public role on the financing side but a greater involvement of nongovernmental organizations and the...

Designing an essential national health package.
September 1, 1993... DEVELOPING countries could reduce their current burden of disease by 25 percent if governments were to make an essential national package of health services available to everyone. This is well within the reach of most developing countries....

The foundation for better health.
September 1, 1993... GOVERNMENT policies outside the health sector--particularly ones that affect the macroeconomy, poverty, education, and women--can make large contributions toward upgrading the health status of the population. Health status differs greatly among...

Structural reforms in Arab countries. (includes related article)
September 1, 1993... TO EXPLOIT their considerable economic potential in the remainder of the 1990s, Arab countries will need to continue addressing structural weaknesses in their economies. Despite having achieved important gains in recent years, many Arab...

Structural adjustment in Sub-Saharan Africa.
September 1, 1993... IN 1986 the IMF's Executive Board established the structural adjustment facility (SAF)--augmented in 1987 by the enhanced structural adjustment facility (ESAF)--to provide balance of payments assistance on concessional terms to low-income...

Ghana: 2000 and beyond.
September 1, 1993... GHANA, one of the first African countries to gain independence, was the first to pursue intensive economic adjustment. Can it now become the first to accelerate growth and, at the same time, reduce poverty? The dynamic growth in East Asia...

Public spending and adjustment. (includes related articles)
September 1, 1993... A RECENT World Bank review concludes that countries receiving adjustment loans have maintained aggregate social spending and reduced defense outlays while cutting deficits. However, misallocation of public expenditures remains a problem: public...

Auctions: a sampling of techniques.
September 1, 1993... FOR COUNTRIES making the transition from centrally planned to market-based economies, auctions offer many advantages. There are a variety of auction techniques, and the choice of an appropriate format depends on the item or items being auctioned...

The internationalization of emerging equity markets.
September 1, 1993... EQUITY MARKETS are emerging in developing countries and economies in transition around the world. As the governments of these economies institute macroeconomic and institutional reforms, international investors are gaining confidence in and...

Are economy-wide policies good for the environment? (includes related article)
September 1, 1993... THE DYNAMICS between economywide policies and the environment are complex--policy reforms hold the potential to either help or hurt the environment. Typically, liberalizing moves help both the economy and the environment, so there are "win-win"...

Trade reform in Latin America and the Caribbean.
September 1, 1993... WHAT IS the key to successful trade reform in developing countries? The reforms that took place in Latin America and the Caribbean in response to the economic shocks of the early 1980s offer several lessons for implementing trade reform programs...