Finance & Development articles from September 1989

Finance & Development archives from September 1989

Financial systems and development. (overview of the World Development Report 1989) (the necessity of efficient financial systems in long-term development)
September 1, 1989... Financial Systems and Development The experiences of the 1980s have led many developing countries to reconsider their approach to development. Though countries differ in the scale of government intervention and in the extent to which they...

Restructuring distressed financial systems. (a review based on the World Development Report 1989)
September 1, 1989... Restructuring Distressed Financial Systems Not since the 1930s have so many firms in developing countries been unable to service their debts, a state that has created serious problems for many financial institutions in the past decade. In...

Reinvigorating the debt strategy. (Includes a related article on the International Monetary Fund and debt reduction.) (the role of the International Monetary Fund in debt strategy)
September 1, 1989... Reinvigorating the Debt Strategy A number of proposals have been made and actions have been taken in the past year or so to reinvigorate the debt strategy. They include the Brady initiative, a Japanese plan for debt reduction, and French...

Recent experience with the debt strategy. (Includes a related article on the World Bank's role in debt reduction.) (the relation of resource flows to the debt problems of developing countries)
September 1, 1989... Recent Experience with the Debt Strategy The debt crisis that emerged in the early 1980s continues to be a dominant economic policy issue for a group of developing countries. Some advances have been made since then toward finding a...

Approaches to debt reduction. (debt reduction techniques and plans)
September 1, 1989... Approaches to Debt Reduction Debt reduction techniques Debt-equity swaps. In this approach, the original lender or someone who has bought the debt at a discount on the secondary market takes a loan to the country and obtains in exchange local...

The effect of external debt on investment.
September 1, 1989... The Effect of External Debt on Investment Since 1982, when the external debt problem surfaced, investment rates have fallen dramatically in most troubled debtor countries, both by historical standards and in relation to other countries. For...

Structural policies in industrial countries. (the issues behind reforms to eliminate distortions affecting markets)
September 1, 1989... Structural Policies in Industrial Countries For close to a decade, structural policies have formed an integral part of the medium-term strategy pursued in the industrial countries. Structural policies can be defined as actions that help raise...

Implementing structural reform in industrial countries. (four main areas of reform)
September 1, 1989... Implementing Structural Reforms in Industrial Countries Structural reform in the industrial countries has been a vital aspect of policymaking in the 1980s. As the preceding article explains, such reforms have aimed to raise potential output...

Competition as a tool of LDC industrial policy. (less developed countries)
September 1, 1989... Competition as a Tool of LDC Industrial Policy A growing body of case studies of firms from both developed and industrializing countries indicates that competition helps managers cut waste and allocate resources more efficiently. Evidence...

Structural adjustment in Sub-Saharan Africa. (Includes a related article on the role of the International Monetary Fund in African adjustment.) (policy issues and challenges for the 1990s)
September 1, 1989... Structural Adjustment in Sub-Saharan Africa Since the early 1980s, a number of Sub-Saharan African countries have undertaken adjustment programs aimed at reducing economic distortions and financial imbalances, in the face of mounting domestic...

The price of postponed adjustment. (devaluation as a fiscal adjustment)
September 1, 1989... The Price of Postponed Adjustment It has become fairly common these days for international institutions and other advisors to urge small developing nations to adjust quickly when the domestic economy enters a state of disequilibrium. Otherwise,...

The critical role for official development assistance in the 1990s. (Guest Article)
September 1, 1989... The Critical Role for Official Development Assistance in the 1990s The turn of the decade finds the donor community taking stock. What has been accomplished? What is the job for the 1990s? Are we doing enough? Are we using the right...

Major determinants of long-term growth in LDCs. (lesser developed countries) (a quantitative analysis of long-term growth performance)
September 1, 1989... Major Determinants of Long-term Growth in LDCs Compared with the record of the post-war period up to 1970, the growth performance of developing countries in the 1970s and the 1980s has been rather disappointing. Investment rates in most of...

The Bank and the environment: questions and answers. (an interview with the World Bank's Environment Department director Kenneth Piddington) (interview)
September 1, 1989... The Bank and the Environment: Questions & Answers Why is the Bank so concerned about the environment these days? Is this a recent concern? The environment is a major worldwide issue today, especially for many countries that borrow from the...

Technical change and productivity. (includes a related article on institutional change and productivity in Japan) (the impact of new information and communication technologies)
September 1, 1989... Technical Change and Productivity Why is it that when computers proliferate and scientists constantly emphasize new discoveries and inventions, rates of measured productivity growth have been lower in the 1970s and 1980s in most industrial...