Finance & Development articles from December 1993

Finance & Development archives from December 1993

Top economist ponders a changing world. (interview with Bank of Israel Governor Jacob A. Frenkel) (Interview)
December 1, 1993... Jacob A. Frenkel, Governor of the Bank of Israel, shares with Finance & Development his reflections on the new opening for peace in the Middle East, disruptions in the exchange markets, and other events in the world economy. Middle East...

Making development sustainable. (Cover Story)
December 1, 1993... Eighteen months after the Rio "Earth Summit," what have we learned about how to implement development that is sustainable, and what conceptual and methodological issues remain to be resolved? In the five articles that follow, Finance &...

Poverty and the environment. (Cover Story)
December 1, 1993... The struggle to overcome poverty, daunting in itself, looks to be even more difficult in the face of increasingly apparent environmental constraints. A critical question for policymakers thus becomes whether the environmental aspects of poverty...

The sociologist's approach to sustainable development. (includes related articles) (Cover Story)
December 1, 1993... THE SOCIAL components of sustainability are no less important than the economic and technical ones. "Putting people first" in projects improves social organization and increases social capital. The case for environmentally sustainable...

The ecologist's approach to sustainable development. (includes related article) (Cover Story)
December 1, 1993... AS ECOLOGISTS take on a larger role in economic decision making, they bring a systemwide perspective, a long-term view that underscores prevention, and a package of ecological practices that reinforce sound socioeconomic development....

The economist's approach to sustainable development. (includes related article) (Cover Story)
December 1, 1993... ENVIRONMENTAL economics helps move us closer to sustainable development by better incorporating environmental and social concerns into conventional decision making. It involves a novel synthesis of existing economic principles and their...

Measuring environmentally sustainable development. (Cover Story)
December 1, 1993... A BROADER understanding of development requires broader measures of development that encapsulate social, equity, and environmental concerns. Care must be taken that aggregate measures of progress do not conceal more than they reveal. But...

Introducing new national currencies.
December 1, 1993... AS A NUMBER of countries in the former USSR and Eastern Europe have ventured out on their own, gaining or regaining political independence, many have been struggling to establish economic independence. Some have made moves to introduce their own...

"Be ready to be blamed for everything": how Latvia introduced its currency. (Einars Repse speech) (Transcript)
December 1, 1993... A new currency must be loved and trusted. Inspiring that love and trust--difficult to achieve, and very easy to destroy--requires that a central bank have full control over monetary decisions in order to build credibility and confidence in the...

Interest rate policies in developing countries.
December 1, 1993... DURING the past two decades, economists have emphasized the critical role interest rate policies play in the development process. But the experience of many developing countries suggests that these policies should be reassessed in the context of...

Policy coordination: how is it affected by uncertainty?
December 1, 1993... IN AN increasingly interconnected world, the question of whether countries can improve their chances of successfully coping with the effects of economic uncertainty by coordinating policies is an important one. A recent IMF study suggests that,...

The determinants of economic success: luck and policy.
December 1, 1993... A RECENT World Bank study shows that countries' economic growth rates are highly volatile due to the presence of "luck"--shocks such as shifts in terms of trade. But effective short- and long-term policies can help offset the effects of bad luck...

National perspective studies in Africa: a vision of a better future.
December 1, 1993... AFTER three decades without significant improvements in national incomes or welfare--and at a time when citizens are being asked to make major sacrifices in the name of economic reform--Africans are increasingly aware of the need to articulate a...

Organizing tropical disease control. (includes related article)
December 1, 1993... IF GOVERNMENTS are to control the spread of tropical diseases in the developing world, they need to understand what measures are likely to work and under what circumstances. Tropical diseases kill almost two million people a year. Another half...