Annual Review of Sociology articles from January 1 1996

Annual Review of Sociology archives from January 1 1996

Steady work: an academic memoir. (academic career of a sociologist)
January 1, 1996... KEY WORDS: socialism, exceptionalism, politics, social mobility, oligarchy To Robert K. Merton, without whom it never could have happened Some years ago at a cocktail party in Washington, I approached General Colin Powell, then still head of...

Talking back to sociology: distinctive contributions of feminist methodology.
January 1, 1996... INTRODUCTION Nearly every writer on the topic agrees that there is no single feminist method, yet there is a substantial literature on "feminist methodology" representing a diverse community of sociologists in lively and sometimes contentious...

Gender in the welfare state.
January 1, 1996... INTRODUCTION Gender relations, embodied in the sexual division of labor, compulsory hetero-sexuality, discourses and ideologies of citizenship, motherhood, masculinity and femininity, and the like, profoundly shape the character of welfare...

Adult child-parent relationships.
January 1, 1996... INTRODUCTION This essay is about the relationships between adult children and their parents: how often adult children and parents are in contact with each other, how they assess the quality of their interactions, what they do for each other,...

Mass media effects on violent behavior.
January 1, 1996... INTRODUCTION Watching violence is a popular form of entertainment. A crowd of onlookers enjoys a street fight just as the Romans enjoyed the gladiators. Wrestling is a popular spectator sport not only in the United States, but in many...

Focus groups. (using focus groups in research)
January 1, 1996... INTRODUCTION Although some form of group interviewing has undoubtedly existed for as long as sociologists have been collecting data (e.g. Bogardus 1926), the past decade has produced a remarkable surge of interest in group interviews generally...

Gender inequality and higher education.
January 1, 1996... INTRODUCTION In this essay I draw on a disparate literature to discuss several key questions regarding the relationship between gender inequality and higher education. What aspects of education exhibit the most pronounced gender disparities?...

Law and inequality: race, gender ... and, of course, class.
January 1, 1996... "The plain fact is that in a new stage of capitalism, class divides as ruthlessly as it did in the age of the Robber Barons." Richard Sennett,(1) 1942 INTRODUCTION In this essay we review the ways in which class has been conceptualized...

Computer networks as social networks: collaborative work, telework, and virtual community.
January 1, 1996... COMPUTER-SUPPORTED SOCIAL NETWORKS When computer networks link people as well as machines, they become social networks, which we call computer-supported social networks (CSSNs). Three forms of CSSNs are rapidly developing, each with its own...

Comparative medical systems. (analysis of health care systems from around the world)
January 1, 1996... INTRODUCTION Since Mechanic's 1975 Annual Review paper (Mechanic 1975a), there has been an increasing growth in publication on health care delivery and medical organization in countries throughout the world. In the United States, this interest...

What do interlocks do? An analysis, critique, and assessment of research on interlocking directorates.
January 1, 1996... INTRODUCTION An interlocking directorate occurs when a person affiliated with one organization sits on the board of directors of another organization. The causes and consequences of this seemingly minor, even innocuous event, have been the...

The division of household labor.
January 1, 1996... INTRODUCTION The most notable characteristic of the current division of household labor is that, whether employed or not, women continue to do the majority of housework (Brines 1993, Marini & Shelton 1993, Robinson 1988). Current estimates are...

Cultural and social-structural explanations of cross-national psychological differences.
January 1, 1996... INTRODUCTION This chapter examines cross-national differences in individual values, attitudes and behavior. The central issue raised is how social-structural and cultural factors can account for the differences found. Perhaps the clearest...

An introduction to categorical data analysis.
January 1, 1996... INTRODUCTION Until the late 1960s, sociologists typically analyzed contingency tables, or two-way tables formed by cross-classifying categorical variables, by calculating chi-square values testing the hypothesis of independence. If...

Innovations in experimental design in attitude surveys.
January 1, 1996... INTRODUCTION The attitude survey has become a standard technique in social research, no more likely to excite comment, considered by itself, than an old and comfortable sweater on a fall afternoon. The initial glamour of large-scale survey...

Market transition and societal transformation in reforming state socialism.
January 1, 1996... INTRODUCTION The far-reaching institutional change and societal transformation occurring in former state socialist societies have attracted new social science interest in these societies. In the past, research focused on them was relegated to...

From marxism to postcommunism: socialist desires and East European rejections.
January 1, 1996... INTRODUCTION Marxism - as a theoretical system, political orientation, scholarly tradition, and capitalist counterculture (Bauman 1976, p. 47) - has had an extremely complicated relationship to the communist-led societies of Eastern Europe.(1)...

Gender and crime: toward a gendered theory of female offending.
January 1, 1996... INTRODUCTION The principal goal of this article is to advance theory and research by reviewing selected issues in the gender and crime literature; by advancing a gendered paradigm of female offending which builds on existing theory and on the...