Annual Review of Sociology articles from January 1 1995

Annual Review of Sociology archives from January 1 1995

A circuitous path to macrostructural theory.
January 1, 1995... INTRODUCTION My becoming a sociologist was doubly fortuitous. To go to college and then to graduate school was for me the result of a combination of incredible coincidences, and my majoring in sociology was an accident, since when I started...

Theoretical and comparative perspectives on corporate organization.
January 1, 1995... INTRODUCTION Recent work has brought issues of corporate governance to the forefront of organization theory (Williamson 1975, 1985; Fama & Jensen 1983 a,b; Fligstein 1990; Campbell & Lindberg 1990). We define corporate governance broadly to...

Scientific careers: universalism and particularism.
January 1, 1995... INTRODUCTION In a theory of the normative structure of science developed over 50 years ago, Robert Merton ([1942] 1973) argued that the institution of science has an ethos consisting of the norms of universalism, communism,...

Beyond rationality in models of choice.
January 1, 1995... BEYOND RATIONALITY IN MODELS OF CHOICE The economist James Duesenberry (1960, p. 233) wrote that "economics is all about how people make choices; sociology is all about how people don't have any choices to make." This chapter surveys recent...

Sequence analysis: new methods for old ideas.
January 1, 1995... INTRODUCTION A quiet revolution is underway in social science. We are turning from units to context, from attributes to connections, from causes to events. The change has many antecedents: the exhaustion of our old paradigm, our inherent...

Social structure and the phenomenology of attainment.
January 1, 1995... INTRODUCTION During the past two decades several varieties of "structural" research and criticism of the status attainment paradigm have flourished within sociology. Reviews and appraisals of the seminal 1967 monograph of Blau & Duncan...

Class voting in capitalist democracies since World War II: dealignment, realignment, or trendless fluctuation?
January 1, 1995... INTRODUCTION The sociological study of politics centers on two broad concerns: the relationship among social structures, social action, and political institutions (or more generally the interaction between "states" and "societies"), and the...

The Easterlin effect.
January 1, 1995... INTRODUCTION More than 25 years ago, Richard Easterlin presented his basic argument that swings in relative cohort size and resulting levels of relative income among cohorts of child-bearing age produced the baby boom and then the baby bust....

Unauthorized immigration to the United States.
January 1, 1995... INTRODUCTION Illegal immigration to the United States is in the public eye once again. Televised accounts of the bombing of the World Trade Center in New York, the Zoe Baird hearings, and the grounding of the Golden Venture ship carrying...

Modeling internal organizational change.
January 1, 1995... ADAPTATION, SELECTION, AND ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE For the last 20 years or so, theory and research on organizations have been routinely separated into two major theoretical camps, depending on how malleable or flexible formal organizations are...

Rags to rags: poverty and mobility in the United States.
January 1, 1995... INTRODUCTION The question of whether poverty is passed on from parents to children is an enduring theme in the poverty literature. If poverty were sufficiently intergenerational, this would violate the US ideal of equal opportunity, i.e....

From class consciousness to culture, action, and social organization.
January 1, 1995... The Unconscious Treatment of Class Consciousness For over three decades following World War II, the study of class consciousness in American society was constrained by two separate but not unrelated historical developments. The first was a...

Here and everywhere: sociology of scientific knowledge.
January 1, 1995... There is no shortage of reviews and assessments of the sociology of scientific knowledge (SSK). Most have been written by critics or by participants meaning to put their special stamp on a contentious and splintered field.(1) I too am a...

Institutional arrangements and stratification processes in industrial societies.
January 1, 1995... INTRODUCTION In their review of Comparative Intergenerational Stratification Research, Ganzeboom et al (1991) refer to "three generations" of stratification research. During the first generation, research was concerned with comparing tables...

US socioeconomic and racial differences in health: patterns and explanations.
January 1, 1995... INTRODUCTION Class is a very widely used concept in the social sciences in general, and sociology in particular. Although no consensus exists on exactly what it means and how it should be measured, class, however defined, has proven to be...

World-systems analysis.
January 1, 1995... INTRODUCTION Today the phrases "world-economy," "world-market," and even "world-system" are commonplace, appearing in the sound-bites of politicians, media commentators, and unemployed workers alike. But few know that the most important...

Immigration and ethnic and racial inequality in the United States.
January 1, 1995... The half century since the close of World War II has seen numerous changes to the face of racial and ethnic inequality in the United States, while the problem of inequality has endured. When Myrdal published An American Dilemma (1944), the...

A biographical essay on Judith Blake's professional career and scholarship.
January 1, 1995... INTRODUCTION Wide-ranging intellectual rigor combined with passion, enthusiasm, and a concern with major contemporary problems characterized Judith Blake. It permeated her research, her teaching, her professional activities, and her...