American Political Science Review articles from September 1994

American Political Science Review archives from September 1994

Issues, candidate image, and priming: the use of private polls in Kennedy's 1960 presidential campaign.
September 1, 1994... 29. Interview with Harris by authors, 17 June 1991; interview with Ivan Nestingen, 1966, Social History Research Office, Columbia University. Leaders of the Kennedy campaign in the states during both the primaries and the general election...

Enhancing democracy through legislative redistricting.
September 1, 1994... MA 1986 0.87 0.097 159 MA 1988 1.16 0.079 160 MI 1968 1.46 -0.023 110 MI 1970 1.37 ...

Power and influence in state legislative policymaking: the interaction of gender and position in committee hearing debates.
September 1, 1994... Delineating the Gendered Perspectives and Outcomes of Policymaking in the 1989 Colorado State House." Ph.D. diss., University of Colorado, Boulder. Kathlene, Lyn, Susan E. Clarke, and Barbara A. Fox. 1991. "Ways Women Politicians Are Making a...

Domestic political audiences and the escalation of international disputes.
September 1, 1994... or if [k.sub.i] = v, both of which generate contradictions. If limit [a.sub.i](t)where t [approaches] [infinity] = [infinity], then no type of i will be willing to choose {t, quit} for arbitrarily large t, if [Gamma](t) actually occurred. If...

Peace, war, and the balance of power.
September 1, 1994... strengthened by winning. Therefore there may be uncertainty about the effects of military victory as well as about whether to expect it. For a fuller and more rigorous analysis, see Wagner 1994. 18. Thus the unilateral transfers assumed by Niou...

Strategic voting equilibria under the single nontransferable vote.
September 1, 1994... [Pi] in the expression for [Mathematical Expression Omitted]. The continuity of [Mathematical Expression Omitted] in [Pi], together with [[Pi].sup.n] [approaches] [Pi] and [Mathematical Expression Omitted] for all n, implies [Mathematical...

The Tower of Babel as a coordination game: political linguistics in Ghana.
September 1, 1994... God's punishment for the audacity of building the Tower of Babel sets up a neat n-person coordination game for the world's scattered peoples. Individuals from each language group may want to communicate directly with members from other language...

Civic culture and democracy: the question of causal relationships.
September 1, 1994... reform among the general public. Thus, if we had information on elite support for gradual reform, it is possible that this variable could have an independent positive effect on change in level of democracy that might be stronger than that of...

On the idea of the moral economy.
September 1, 1994... Bourdieu, Pierre. 1979. Algeria 1960: The Disenchantment of the World. Trans. Richard Nice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Broadie, Sarah. 1991. Ethics with Aristotle. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Brunner, Otto. 1956. Neue Wege...

The piety of thought in Plato's 'Republic,' Book 1.
September 1, 1994... Thrasymachus, after all, is not a philosopher. Of course, neither Euben's observation nor my claim concerning the significance of the passage upon which I propose to focus is meant to imply that Thrasymachus is unimportant. On the contrary, I...

Thoughtless assertion and political deliberation.
September 1, 1994... Thought must consider the process that forms it and form itself from these considerations. Foucault, Language, Counter-memory, Practice. Taking the canonical texts of Western political theory as our guide, we could conclude that the activity...

An individual-level multiequation model of expenditure effects in contested House elections.
September 1, 1994... Since the late 1960s, the amount of money spent by candidates for public office has grown dramatically (Alexander 1992, 82). This spending has generated a corresponding amount of scholarly activity concerned with, among other things, the role...

Popular influence on Supreme Court decisions. (comment on an article by William Mishler and Reginald Sheehan in the American Political Science Review, vol. 87, p. 87-101)(includes response by Mishler and Sheehan)
September 1, 1994... ordinary least squares residual; (2) estimation of a second-step dynamic equation using the residuals from the first stage to impose a long-run constraint: [Delta][Y.sub.t] = [[Phi](L)[Delta][Y.sub.t-1] + [Omega](L)[Delta][X.sub.T] +...

Postmodernism and Democratic Theory.
September 1, 1994... Postmoderns are commonly criticized for what Jurgen Habermas has called a "performative contradiction": in order to attack modern reason they must also employ it. As Botwinick showed in his earlier Skepticism and Political Participation (Temple,...

Democratic Community: NOMOS XXXV.
September 1, 1994... This volume marks the end of John Chapman's distinguished editorial participation in the NOMOS series. It carries on the characteristic virtues of its predecessors: first-rate contributors representing a wide range of views, engaged debate,...

Burdens of Proof in Modern Discourse.
September 1, 1994... With the contemporary erosion of faith in scientific, religious, and political authority, our attention turns naturally to the conditions of public discourse. Are the forums within which putative experts seek the redemption of their claims...

Making Men Moral: Civil Liberties and Public Morality.
September 1, 1994... Making Men Moral is a worthy contribution to perhaps the most constructive debate taking place in political theory today. George asks whether the liberal state can respect individual freedoms and act legitimately to preserve a moral climate in...

The Descent of Political Theory: The Genealogy of an American Vocation.
September 1, 1994... Gunnell tells a story, beginning in the mid-nineteenth century, of the emergence of political theory as an academic field of study. The account he offers is an "internal" one, focusing on the writings of notable political scientists and...

A Theory of Liberty: The Constitution and Minorities.
September 1, 1994... H. N. Hirsch has written an engaging book presenting a sustained argument for the liberty theorem, which holds that the Court should strike down laws that unduly restrict liberty even if the passage of those laws has met the requirements of...

Politics, Theory, and Contemporary Culture.
September 1, 1994... Perhaps it is an exaggeration to say that the postmodern epoch came into its own when the Berlin Wall was torn down. But certainly, the event symbolized an emerging consciousness of a future opened to new possibilities but also a future that,...

The Morality of Pluralism.
September 1, 1994... This book is about not the moral significance and consequences of political, social, or cultural differentiation but, rather, a more abstract issue internal to much contemporary moral and political philosophy: How do values stand in relation to...

Reconsidering the Democratic Public.
September 1, 1994... The chronic and usually debilitating tensions that exist in political science between "theorists" and "empiricists" have been fruitfully utilized in this book to produce a series of interesting and imaginative essays on problems of democracy. The...

Beyond Relativism: Science and Human Values.
September 1, 1994... Twelve years ago, Thomas C. Wiegele published a book on an emerging revolution in social sciences. He argued that new findings in biological sciences made such a revolution inevitable. Masters's new book demonstrates that this revolution is...

Profits, Priests, and Princes: Adam Smith's Emancipation of Economics from Politics and Religion.
September 1, 1994... Any account of this book has to ignore the alliterative but largely decorative title and concentrate on the subtitle. Even so, the reader will find this overdramatic, because what Peter Minowitz actually wishes to maintain is that Adam Smith was...

Not by Reason Alone: Religion, History, and Identity in Early Modern Political Thought.
September 1, 1994... Joshua Mitchell argues that the major early modern political theorists began from an interpretation of history rooted in biblical interpretation. He focuses his attention on four thinkers: Luther, Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau. He thinks that...

The Moral Economy of Labor: Aristotelian Themes in Economic Theory.
September 1, 1994... This is a conceptually powerful book that deserves a wide audience. Despite its title (a better one might have been simply The Moral Foundations of Work or Work, Human Nature, and Morality), the book is not just for those interested in labor...

The Concept of Political Judgment.
September 1, 1994... On the face of things, these books form a good pair to review together; in fact, they make a very odd couple: readers who find the style of argument of both books to their taste are likely to be rare. They reflect the odd way that the label...

Religion, Politics and the Moral Life.
September 1, 1994... Although Michael Oakeshott lived into his ninetieth year and thus came within a twelvemonth of outliving the Hobbes on whom he had thrown more light than any other twentieth-century interpreter, he published only three books: Experience and Its...

Pluralism: Against the Demand for Consensus.
September 1, 1994... The subtitle of Nicholas Rescher's new book explains it all. It is less concerned with defending pluralism than with attacking "the demand for consensus." Rescher, at the start, defines consensus as "uniformity of belief and evaluation"-- a...

The Foundations of American Citizenship: Liberalism, the Constitution, and Civic Virtue.
September 1, 1994... At the beginning of this challenging study, Richard Sinopoli declares that its theme is a problem posed by Rousseau how individuals are to balance the competing demands of civic duties with private desires. He never entirely loses sight of that...

Psychoanalytic-Marxism: Groundwork.
September 1, 1994... This book attempts to evaluate the history of the conflicting relations between psychoanalysis and Marxism, as well as to offer the theoretical bases for a synthesis between the two. After an initial chapter describing the problem to be studied,...

Whatever Possessed the President? Academic Experts and Presidential Policy, 1960-1988.
September 1, 1994... A main frustration in doing presidential scholarship is the difficulty of penetrating the black box of White House decision making. Even when there is available a raft of documentation in the form of reports and memoranda, including decision...

Agendas and Instability in American Politics.
September 1, 1994... Those who follow public policymaking in the United States long have suspected that the dynamics they observed never seemed to match up to the laws embodied in the discipline's dominant models. Incrementalism reigns, but dramatic and deep changes...

Ambition and Beyond: Career Paths of American Politicians.
September 1, 1994... The literature on political careers, writes Timothy Prinz in Ambition and Beyond, encompasses the fields of "political recruitment, political elites, personality and politics, political biography, legislative studies". But from the books under...

Media Polls in American Politics.
September 1, 1994... Is the recent, media-driven proliferation of public opinion polls a blessing or a curse on American democratic politics? Thomas E. Mann and Gary R. Orren, editors of Media Polls in American Politics, and Paul Brace and Barbara Hinckley, authors...

A Phoenix in the Ashes: The Rise and Fall of the Koch Coalition in New York City Politics.
September 1, 1994... These two fine books provide rich, original detail about New York City and contribute to broader issues of urban politics and administration. The Era of Urban Austerity began with the 1975 New York fiscal crisis and continues today. Why and how...

The Phantom Respondents: Opinion Surveys and Political Representation.
September 1, 1994... In this slim volume (fully 50 pages of the already modest length comprise technical appendices), John Brehm presents a broad and detailed empirical analysis of the effects of nonresponse on survey results and traces out the profound implications...

American Political Cultures.
September 1, 1994... Do Americans possess a single political culture? Do they share the same basic beliefs about such vital political ideas as liberty, equality, property, and democracy? According to Richard Ellis, there is a tradition of thinkers, most notably Louis...

Bargaining with the State.
September 1, 1994... As most students of American politics and public policy will readily admit, the power of the federal government is constrained only in the most minimal sense by the Constitution. The emergence of a dense network of government programs providing...

Candidates, Congress, and the American Democracy.
September 1, 1994... The stated goal of the University of Michigan Press's Analytical Perspectives on Politics Series is to publish works of a synthetic nature that provide "clear and discriminating descriptions of the current state of the art and a strong-minded...

Conscience and the Constitution: History, Theory, and Law of the Reconstruction Amendments.
September 1, 1994... The role of the judiciary and legal ideology in the development of political institutions is a central concern of the public law scholarship; and much of the research is interdisciplinary in combining law, history, philosophy, and political...

Labor Visions and State Power: The Origins of Business Unionism in the United States.
September 1, 1994... Victoria Hattam has written a fascinating book of great importance to all who are interested in the broader questions about the nature and peculiarity of American politics. Carefully researched and closely argued, the book sets out to explain why...

Latinos and the U.S. Political System: Two-tiered Pluralism.
September 1, 1994... Hero presents us with a serious and timely book on Latino politics and the shortcomings of both previous scholarly work on the subject and the discipline's attitude toward studies of the politics of communities of color (also see Avalos 1989)....

Environmental Protection at the State Level: Politics and Progress in Controlling Pollution.
September 1, 1994... Until recently, most studies of environmental policy have focused on federal legislation, its implementation by the Environmental Protection Agency and other federal agencies, and the general deficiencies of "command-and-control" regulation. We...

Civil Rights and the Idea of Freedom.
September 1, 1994... This book treats the concern with freedom that animated the Civil Rights movement. By way of advancing an Arendtian interpretation of the Civil Rights movement, Richard King announces early on that civil rights struggle led movement activists to...

The Speaker and the Budget: Leadership in the Post-Reform House of Representatives.
September 1, 1994... How has budget process reform changed the role of the Speaker? How important are individual characteristics in understanding a Speaker's leadership style? These two questions form the heart of Daniel Palazzolo's Speaker and the Budget, the most...

Congress Resurgent: Foreign and Defense Policy on Capitol Hill.
September 1, 1994... In recent years, a growing list of books and articles has become available focusing upon the role of Congress in the foreign policy process. This is appropriate, in light of the fact that the decade or so following the Vietnam War was an era of...

Mobilization, Participation, and Democracy in America.
September 1, 1994... This book considers familiar questions: Who participates? Why has participation declined? It uses familiar data. Yet, in its rather unassuming way, it offers a dramatic reframing of the way American politics researchers think about involvement in...

Does Redistricting Make a Difference? Partisan Representation and Electoral Behavior.
September 1, 1994... Does redistricting make a difference? Not according to Mark E. Rush in this insightful look into partisan gerrymandering and its impact on fair representation. Indeed, his central thesis is that a partisan gerrymander is "in fact virtually...

Prejudice, Politics, and the American Dilemma.
September 1, 1994... Race is the keyword that connects the twelve chapters brought together in this volume. Not much connected otherwise, most have something to offer taken individually. A strength of the volume is its cross-disciplinary character, particularly...

How Women Legislate.
September 1, 1994... Sue Thomas has written a book that all institutions will want for their libraries and many political scientists will want to acquire for their course work and personal collections. Thoroughly researched and deftly presented, How Women Legislate...

U.S.-Mexico Relations: Labor Market Interdependence.
September 1, 1994... This edited volume is the fifth in the series issued by the United States-Mexico Relations Project, a consortium of American, Canadian, and Mexican scholars organized by Clark Reynolds at Stanford. In 19 chapters, 25 researchers explore aspects...

Political Culture and Democracy in Developing Countries.
September 1, 1994... After a quick start in the sixties, progress in the study of political culture seems to have lagged. Most of the new work on democratization has ignored the construct altogether, focusing on institution building and elite maneuvering instead....

Democracy and Development.
September 1, 1994... Axel Hadenius' Democracy and Development is a worthy successor to Robert Dahl's Polyarchy (1971) in its effort to quantitatively evaluate the extent and the determinants of democracy across nations. In particular, this book focuses on the...

The End of Communist Power.
September 1, 1994... This volume provides a comprehensive analysis of political corruption in Leninist systems, with special attention given to the fundamental role corruption played in those systems' delegitimization, disintegration, and ultimate collapse. The study...

Power Without Force: The Political Capacity of Nation-States.
September 1, 1994... Robert Jackman enters the lists of contributors to state theory with an elegant treatise, admirably succinct and sophisticated. In a mere 162 text pages, he forcefully engages much of contemporary state theory, and stakes out a distinctive niche...

Taxation and Democracy: Swedish, British, and American Approaches to Financing the Modern State.
September 1, 1994... Ronald King begins his book with a quote by Joseph Schumpeter that must warm the heart of every scholar who studies tax policy: "The spirit of a people, its cultural level, its social structure, the deeds its policies may prepare--all this and...

Mothers of a New World: Maternalist Politics and the Origins of Welfare States.
September 1, 1994... The history of women's involvement in welfare state formation poses interesting questions for both scholars of state building and scholars of feminism. Looking across Western democracies in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the...

Retirement of Revolutionaries in China: Public Policies, Social Norms, Private Interests.
September 1, 1994... Melanie Manion's extensively researched, neatly organized, and tightly argued book is a welcome addition to our knowledge of Chinese politics, particularly in light of the paucity of monographs dealing with administrative aspects of China's huge...

Politics East and West: A Comparison of Japanese and British Political Culture.
September 1, 1994... If the title of Curtis H. Martin's and Bruce Stronach's book pays homage to Rudyard Kipling's oft-quoted line, "East is East and West is West, and never the twain shall meet," the theme of this book could not be further from the quotation's...

Lessons of Struggle: South African Internal Opposition, 1960-1990.
September 1, 1994... Anthony Marx's study of the South African internal opposition to white supremacy from 1960 to 1990 is illuminating, detailed, and theoretically sophisticated. Lessons of Struggle offers an analytical framework that privileges the role of ideology...

Encounters with the Contemporary Radical Right.
September 1, 1994... This book provides an insightful account of the current state of the radical Right in numerous countries. The collection of essays, which are loosely organized according to region (Western Europe, Eastern Europe/Israel, Anglo-American...

Public Opinion and Regime Change: The New Politics of Post-Soviet Societies.
September 1, 1994... Russia is a work in progress, and so, in many ways, is the subject of this book. The three surveys that form the central core of most of the chapters were fielded in various parts of the Soviet Union in the spring of 1990 and, for a section on...

The Culture of Conflict: Interpretations and Interests in Comparative Perspective.
September 1, 1994... Conflicts become acute not only because of what is at stake but because of the social and psychological consequences of winning and losing. Anthropological evidence indicates that societies develop characteristic patterns of disputing that...

The Political Logic of Economic Reform in China.
September 1, 1994... Susan Shirk's new book will long remain a classic account of the policies that revitalized China's economy during the 1980s. Drawing on extensive interviews with Chinese officials, primary sources, and a rich variety of social science theory...

Cages of Reason: The Rise of the Rational State in France, Japan, the United States, and Great Britain.
September 1, 1994... Analyses of public bureaucracy have tended to fall into two categories. Theoretical approaches, such as Max Weber's ideal type and economics-based models dealing with budget maximization, slack, and agentry shirking, often posit a high degree of...

Revolution and World Order: The Revolutionary State in International Society.
September 1, 1994... Revolutionary states, by their very nature, deliberately have placed themselves in a posture of confrontation with international society. The mutual relationship between such revolutionary states and the Westphalian international order is the...

Breaking the Ice: Rapprochement Between East and West Germany, the United States and China, and Israel and Egypt.
September 1, 1994... This slender volume is a welcome addition to the growing literature on the causes of peace. Employing the method of "structured, focused comparison," Armstrong examines three cases of rapprochement between states with a long history of hostile...

The Political Subject of Violence.
September 1, 1994... In conventional international relations theory, politics and political philosophy have often been separated. This divide has been reinforced by the legacy of twentieth-century political realism, which proclaimed separate spheres for politics and...

Relocating Middle Powers: Australia and Canada in a Changing World Order.
September 1, 1994... One sense in which middle powers have been "relocated" during the 1980s and 1990s, according to Cooper, Higgott, and Nossal, pertains to the structural outcome of processes: changes in their position in the world economy relative to a declining...

Economic Vulnerability in International Relations: East-West Trade, Investment, and Finance.
September 1, 1994... Global economic interdependence renders states vulnerable to external pressures in providing for their national security. After World War II, this concern was most apparent in East-West trade, investment, and financial relations. However, Beverly...

Sino-Soviet Normalization and Its International Implications: 1945-1990.
September 1, 1994... This book is basically a new and systematic interpretation of Sino-Soviet relations from 1945 to 1990, utilizing an approach the author calls "prismatic." Dittmer has taken a prismatic approach in the sense that he uses a series of analytical...

Political Theory, International Relations, and the Ethics of Intervention.
September 1, 1994... This volume grapples with an old problem, but does much more than rehearse familiar debates between realists and liberals, or between cosmopolitans and communitarians. It does much more than address the standard questions of whether (or when)...

Human Rights and Peace: International and National Dimensions.
September 1, 1994... To date, the debate about democracy and peace has had little fall-out in the human rights literature. This is surprising, because human rights and democracy are so closely related. David P. Forsythe's book, the first in a new series on human...

Business and Banking: Political Change and Economic Integration in Western Europe.
September 1, 1994... Paulette Kurzer has written a book that will make a substantial contribution to our understanding of national adaptations in the 1980s to changes in the international economy. The institutions and political arrangements of small democracies in...

Past as Prelude: History in the Making of a New World Order.
September 1, 1994... These two books are a significant addition to the growing body of literature about globalization and global trends--from the earlier literature about the global economy (perhaps going back to Wealth of Nations 1776) to the more recent concerns...

The Internationalization of Communal Strife.
September 1, 1994... Intercommunal violence despoils many contemporary societies. Newly independent states may be especially vulnerable. Ethnic violence disturbs numerous former colonial territories of Africa, Asia, and the Middle East. Long-established polities are...

A Normative Approach to War: Peace, War, and Justice in Hugo Grotius.
September 1, 1994... Once the honorific "father of international law," Hugo Grotius remains a figure of considerable interest--not only to legal scholars but to students of international relations and the history of political thought. Grotius published the first...

The Political Psychology of the Gulf War: Leaders, Publics, and the Process of Conflict.
September 1, 1994... This is an unusually wide-ranging and yet coherent edited book. The distinguished contributors represent a useful diversity of expertise and viewpoints, and they have read and used each other's chapters. The book well meets its two goals of...

The Domestic Bases of Grand Strategy.
September 1, 1994... Editors Rosecrance and Stein present a focused and disciplined set of empirical critiques of structural realism, and while none of the chapters are blockbusters, they are all good. The book is a useful entry in the literature of theoretical...

China, the United States, and the Soviet Union: Tripolarity and Policymaking in the Cold War.
September 1, 1994... There is no consensus among students of international relations on the efficacy of the strategic triangle as an analytical tool for studying the interactions among China, the Soviet Union, and the United States. By contrast, the six contributors...

Making War and Waging Peace: Foreign Intervention in Africa.
September 1, 1994... Funders of policy-relevant research often worry about getting the results to the appropriate people. Left to themselves, academic researchers tend to publish expensive books or scatter obscure articles. The U.S. Institute of Peace, which sponsors...