American Political Science Review articles from June 1996

American Political Science Review archives from June 1996

The duration of interstate wars, 1816-1985.
June 1, 1996... The decision by leaders to initiate or join a war is fundamentally a political decision. The impact of political decision making on international conflict does not end when a war begins, however. The decision to continue fighting a war is also a...

The puzzle of Indian Democracy: a consociational interpretation.
June 1, 1996... India has long been a puzzle for students of comparative democratic politics. Its success in maintaining democratic rule since independence in 1947 (excluding the brief authoritarian interlude of the 1975-77 Emergency) in the world's largest and...

The vote of confidence in parliamentary democracies.
June 1, 1996... The institutional underpinning of parliamentary democracy is the government's dependence on majority support in the legislature. Scholars often note that this institutional arrangement ensures that directly elected members of parliaments can...

Adaptive signal processing, hierarchy, and budgetary control in federal regulation.
June 1, 1996... To protect rights and ensure policy responsiveness, contemporary liberal democracy endows elected authorities with powers and devices sufficiently strong to control administrative and regulatory agencies. In the twentieth century, legislative and...

Buying supermajorities. (coalition formation)
June 1, 1996... It is obvious to most students of positive political theory that minimal winning coalitions are cheaper to build than supermajority coalitions. If a coalition builder must pay for each member added to the coalition, then s/he should never pay...

A dynamic theory of collective goods program.
June 1, 1996... Formal theories of distributive politics focus on either particularistic or collective goods programs. Particularistic (e.g., pork barrel) programs involve allocations of divisible benefits to individual legislative districts. Pork barrel...

Institutionalizing the public interest: the defense of deadlock and beyond.
June 1, 1996... In words that resonate in our own day, James MacGregor Burns (1963, 3) bemoans "the deadlock of democracy." We have often been too late, and we have been too late with too little. Whether we can master depression in peacetime is still in doubt....

The origin of the counter-Enlightenment: Rousseau and the new religion of sincerity.
June 1, 1996... The counter-Enlightenment begins with Rousseau. He not only launched the famous attack on the arts and sciences or on modern rationalism generally but also initiated that paradoxical effort, pursued variously by Romantics, Existentialists, and...

From republic to empire: political revolution and the common good in Xenophon's Education of Cyrus.
June 1, 1996... Recent scholarship has reestablished Xenophon as a theorist of considerable importance and stature for our understanding of the origins of classical political philosophy.(1) At the center of this revival lies a renewed interest in his Education...

Liberty, equality, receptive generosity: neo-Nietzschean reflections on the ethics and politics of coalition.
June 1, 1996... In some sense progressive politics has always concerned itself with the politics of difficult coalitions. Yet, these concerns often stemmed from perceived tactical and strategic exigencies: uneven contingent historical developments which, with...

Making social science work across space and time: a critical reflection on Robert Putnam's Making Democracy Work.
June 1, 1996... All self-respecting political scientists like to think of themselves as intrigued with what makes democracy work. But what brings a reviewer to risk a critical reflection on one of the most acclaimed recent works in the field?(1) That author and...

Cross-Level Inference.
June 1, 1996... Henry E. Brady University of California, Berkeley The secret ballot no doubt has been a boon for democracy, but it has been the bane of social science researchers who must contend with voting data aggregated by precincts, constituencies, or...

Economic Democracy: The Politics of Feasible Socialism.
June 1, 1996... Peter Bachrach, Temple University This book is unusual in two major respects. First, the distinction between advanced capitalism and socialism does not turn, as traditional-minded socialists argue, on who owns the means of production. Second,...

Households: On the Moral Architecture of the Economy.
June 1, 1996... Scott Meikle, University of Glasgow Booth aims to get to the heart of the debate between "the household and market models" of society (p. 3), which, under the more familiar billing of socialism and capitalism, have dominated the politics of...

Theories and Narratives: Reflections on the Philosophy of History.
June 1, 1996... Joshua Foa Dienstag, University of Virginia The last fifteen years have seen a revival of interest in the topic of narrative across many disciplines in both the social sciences and the humanities. While in many ways this interest has the...

The New Ecological Order.
June 1, 1996... Joseph R. DesJardins, College of St. Benedict Two major shifts characterize much recent philosophical thinking about nature. The first involves a shift from an anthropocentric to a nonanthropocentric ethics. The former view holds that only...

The Greening of Protestant Thought.
June 1, 1996... John F. Haught, Georgetown University The relationship between Christianity and the environmental movement is one of the most curious cultural developments to have occurred during the last quarter century. It is also one of the most important,...

Political Style: The Artistry of Power.
June 1, 1996... John S. Nelson, University of Iowa Studies of politics are ripe for renewed appreciations of style. From diplomacy to everyday life, different politics cohere as embodied styles of action more pervasively than they form abstracted ideologies or...

Moral Voices, Moral Selves: Carol Gilligan and Feminist Moral Theory.
June 1, 1996... Sara Weir, Western Washington University Susan J. Hekman begins Moral Voices, Moral Selves with the background of the book's subtitle, "Carol Gilligan and Feminist Moral Theory:" She details the story of the 1982 publication of In a Different...

Conceptual Foundations for Multidisciplinary Thinking.
June 1, 1996... Courtney Brown, Emory University Stephen Jay Kline undertakes an ambitious task with his book Conceptual Foundations for Multidisciplinary Thinking. His goal is to offer a schema, a philosophical template, within which the next generation of...

Multicultural Citizenship.
June 1, 1996... Charles Taylor, McGill University This is a very important book, one that is indispensable for the present discussion of multiculturalism. There are two crucial facts about this discussion. First, it is cropping up in some variant in a host of...

The Moral Theory of Poststucturalism.
June 1, 1996... Brent L. Pickett, University of Colorado at Boulder Although poststructuralist thinkers have been criticized on many fronts, the most frequent and powerful objections have focused on their normative commitments. It has been argued that while...

Carl Schmitt and Leo Strauss: The Hidden Dialogue.
June 1, 1996... Shadia B. Drury, University of Calgary This book is a useful contribution to the current controversy over the fascinating and frustrating work of Carl Schmitt. The thesis of the book is that no one understood Schmitt better than Leo Strauss and...

The The Fragility of Freedom: Tocqueville on Religion, Democracy and the American Future.
June 1, 1996... Michael P. Zuckert, Carleton College That great sage Tristram Shandy once asked, "So long as a man rides his hobby-horse peaceably and quietly along the king's highway, and neither compels you or me to get up behind him, - pray, sir, what have...

Ethics, Killing and War.
June 1, 1996... Robert L. Holmes, University of Rochester Norman begins with the nature of moral thinking; proceeds circumspectly through discussions of the wrongness of killing, killing and letting die, killing in self-defense, and the killing of the...

Jerusalem and Athens: Reason and Revelation in the Works of Leo Strauss.
June 1, 1996... Michael Palmer, University of Maine Susan Orr's book is one of a relatively small but rapidly increasing number of attempts to read and understand the writings of Leo Strauss as Strauss read and understood the writings of political...

Theory and Practice: Nomos XXXVII.
June 1, 1996... John G. Gunnell, State University of New York at Albany The thirty-seventh volume of the NOMOS series consists of sixteen chapters derived from papers presented at the 1992 Annual meeting of the American Society for Political and Legal...

Marxism and the Leap to the Kingdom of Freedom: the Rise and Fall of the Communist Utopia.
June 1, 1996... Paul Thomas, University of California, Berkeley This book covers a lot of ground. Marx, Engels, Kautsky, Plekhanov, Luxemburg, Leninism, Stalinism and its dismantling from within - all are examined with some thoroughness and with an eye for...

The Cambridge Companion to Habermas.
June 1, 1996... Steven Best, University of Texas at El Paso If one is searching for a contemporary Hegel, one need look no further than Jurgen Habermas. He continues to be one of the most prolific, encyclopedic, and influential social theorists of recent...

Financing the 1992 Elections.
June 1, 1996... Frank J. Sorauf, University of Minnesota This is the latest volume in one of the oldest and most important continuing series in the study of American politics. Beginning with Financing the 1960 Election (1962), Herbert Alexander has chronicled...

Stare Indecisis: The Alteration of Precedent on the Supreme Court, 1946-1992.
June 1, 1996... S. Sidney Ulmer, University of Kentucky Does the Supreme Court ever overrule a precedent? Of course it does. It once overruled fifty in a single case, five of which were its own, merely in order to change a rule of statutory construction (Owen...

The Conundrum of Class: Public Discourse on the Social Order in America.
June 1, 1996... Ira Katznelson, Columbia University This valuable survey of the discursive deployment of class in American politics and society from the colonial period through the nineteenth century (initially a dissertation in American Studies) is aimed at...

Trustworthy Government: Leadership and Management Strategies for Building Trust and High Performance.
June 1, 1996... Frank J. Thompson, State University of New York at Albany Potential readers of this book should from the start be aware of two of its characteristics. First, the volume does not focus on trustworthy government in the broadest sense. Instead, it...

Urban Innovation: Creative Strategies for Turbulent Times.
June 1, 1996... Robert M. Stein, Rice University It has been ten years since Terry Clark and his colleagues from the Fiscal Austerity and Urban Innovation Project began their cross-national study of local governments. In the ensuing decade an enormous amount...

Government Lawyers: The Federal Legal Bureaucracy and Presidential Politics.
June 1, 1996... Herbert M. Kritzer, University of Wisconsin - Madison At least from the time of Alexis de Tocqueville, commentators and observers have recognized the apparently large role played by lawyers in American politics and government. With a few...

The Speaker's Electoral Connection: Willie Brown and the California Assembly.
June 1, 1996... David Soherr-Hadwiger, University of New Mexico In the last two decades, legislative campaign committees and leadership political action committees have gained prominence in congressional and state legislative elections. By the 1990s, these...

Working People of California.
June 1, 1996... Meta Mendel-Reyes, Swarthmore College As a labor organizer in California from the mid-1970s to the late 1980s, I experienced personally some of both the highs and the lows of the history of working people that are recounted in this superb new...

The New Social Contract: America's Journey from Welfare State to Police State.
June 1, 1996... Christopher Howard, College of William & Mary Compared to our understanding of why certain people are poor or what policies are most effective in fighting poverty, our understanding of the politics of poverty has changed little in recent years....

Mothers in Law: Feminist Theory and the Legal Regulation of Motherhood.
June 1, 1996... Sue Davis, University of Delaware The editors of this volume have compiled a series of revised papers that were originally presented at conferences in 1990 and 1992 on motherhood sponsored by the Feminism and Legal Theory Project, now located...

Public Opinion and the Communication of Consent.
June 1, 1996... George E. Marcus, Williams College This well-titled volume containing 18 essays, together with an introductory essay by Elihu Katz, provides succinct and lucid accounts of the work in the field of communications on the specific topic of public...

Poor People's Social Movement Organizations: The Goal is to Win.
June 1, 1996... Douglas R. Imig, University of Nevada, Las Vegas In this work Hall introduces an "organizational empowerment model" (p. xi), in which "organizational maintenance, internal polity, goals, and inter-organizational relations" (p. 20) give shape...

Facing Up to the American Dream: Race, Class, and the Soul of the Nation.
June 1, 1996... Joe R. Feagin, University of Florida The American dream has been at the center of the nation's culture for centuries, yet until the 1960s it was reserved for whites only. Since then, in theory at least, all Americans have had a chance to...

In Washington But Not of It: The Prophetic Politics of Religious Lobbyists.
June 1, 1996... Allen D. Hertzke, University of Oklahoma The influence of the Christian Right in the 104th Congress has heightened interest in national religious lobbies. Yet religious advocacy is broader than the visible efforts of Ralph Reed or Gary Bauer....

Perspectives on the Politics of Abortion.
June 1, 1996... MaryAnne Borrelli, Connecticut College This book is well titled: Its four substantive chapters present highly contrasting perspectives on the politics of abortion, each employing the methodologies of a different subfield within political...

Reconceiving Decision-Making in Democratic Politics: Attention, Choice, and Public Policy.
June 1, 1996... Barry Rundquist, University of Illinois at Chicago This book includes a theory of attention shifting, a critique of rational choice theory, explanations of various empirical patterns in American politics, a discussion of governments as adaptive...

Theories of Urban Politics.
June 1, 1996... Barbara Ferman, Temple University This volume is an ambitious and successful attempt to survey the major theoretical landscape that underlies the field of urban studies. The contributors to this volume are leading scholars from North America...

Presidential Campaign Discourse: Strategic Communication Problems.
June 1, 1996... Darrell M. West, Brown University Political communications are at the heart of contemporary election campaigns. Two-thirds of the overall budgets in presidential general elections goes toward television advertising. Candidates spend a...

Ideology and Educational Reform: Themes and Theories in Public Education.
June 1, 1996... Stephen G. Salkever, Bryn Mawr College David Paris has written a remarkable and eminently readable book that will interest a wide variety of political scientists. In it he manages in the space of a little over 200 pages to address with striking...

Health Care Politics and Policy in America.
June 1, 1996... Robert P. Rhodes, Edinboro University of Pennsylvania Patel and Rushefsky's book is a comprehensive analysis of health care politics and policy in the United States. It is organized as a textbook, and that is meant as praise, rather than...

The Price of Federalism.
June 1, 1996... John E. Chubb, The Brookings Institution The world of federalism is not heavily populated with big ideas or ambitious theories. The federal system is complicated territory with thousands of governments, organized in various ways and...

Presidential Leadership and Civil Rights Policy.
June 1, 1996... Hugh Davis Graham, Vanderbilt University With the exception of Ronald E. Brown's survey of presidential action in the civil rights domain from 1892 to 1968 - an essay summarizing a vast literature in too small a space to add significantly to...

The Two Majorities: The Issue Context of Modern American Politics.
June 1, 1996... Eric R. A. N. Smith, University of California, Santa Barbara In The Two Majorities, Byron Shafer and William Claggett set out to describe what they call the "issue context" of contemporary American elections and to analyze the potential...

Nativism Reborn? The Official English Language Movement and the American States.
June 1, 1996... Ronald Schmidt, Sr., California State University, Long Beach Language policy is perhaps the least studied arena of the contemporary "culture wars" in the United States. Raymond Tatalovich's ambitious work offers one of the first book-length...

Energy Possibilities: Rethinking Alternatives and the Choice-Making Process.
June 1, 1996... Robert M. Lawrence, Colorado State University Although Tatum has a chapter on the home power movement near the end of his book, in which he describes home power in generally favorable terms, he states that his work will not provide the solution...

Governing the White House: From Hoover through LBJ.
June 1, 1996... Phillip G. Henderson, Catholic University Governing the White House provides an insightful analysis of the evolution of key components of the White House staff. Specifically, Walcott and Hult assess the structure and functions of the White...

Feminist Generations: The Persistence of the Radical Women's Movement.
June 1, 1996... Nancy E. McGlen, Niagara University Whittier's main concern in Feminist Generations is to dispel the postfeminist myth that the radical feminist movement died in the 1980s. This myth, she believes, rests on two misinterpretations. The first is...

Self-Rule: A Cultural History of American Democracy.
June 1, 1996... Erwin C. Hargrove, Vanderbilt University Robert Wiebe is an historian who thinks and writes like a social scientist and who comfortably uses social science research. But as an historian he can fashion a larger tapestry than most social...

But Is It True? A Citizen's Guide to Environmental Health and Safety Issues.
June 1, 1996... Hank C. Jenkins-Smith, University of New Mexico The literature on the politics of environmental risk has made much of the fact that the lay public tends to perceive the threats to human health from chemicals, radiation, and other man-made...

Democracy, Dialogue, and Environmental Disputes: The Contested languages of Social Regulation.
June 1, 1996... Daniel Press, University of California at Santa Cruz Political scientists in the field of policy studies have not been very receptive to the fashionable perspectives of postmodernism, sometimes with good reason. Postmodern philosophers and...

The Labor Wars in Cordoba, 1955-1976: Ideology, Work, and Labor Politics in an Argentine Industrial City.
June 1, 1996... Peter Ranis, York College and the Graduate Center, CUNY James Brennan has written an ambitious and important book attempting to recapture and reevaluate the labor militancy before, during, and after the historic worker rebellion in Cordoba,...

British Politics and European Elections 1994.
June 1, 1996... Michael Keating, University of Western Ontario European elections are, as Butler and Westlake remind us, second order elections, with low turnout and low voter interest. The ostensible aim, to elect members of the European Parliament and decide...

Economic Reform and Democracy.
June 1, 1996... Anne E. Henderson, College of William and Mary Scholars familiar with the burgeoning literature on democratic transitions may perhaps be forgiven for a certain skepticism about the value added by each successive treatment of the topic. It is...

The Political Economy of Democratic Transitions.
June 1, 1996... Anne E. Henderson, College of William and Mary Scholars familiar with the burgeoning literature on democratic transitions may perhaps be forgiven for a certain skepticism about the value added by each successive treatment of the topic. It is...

Redefining the Egyptian Nation, 1930-1945.
June 1, 1996... Timothy P. Mitchell, New York University Between 1930 and 1945 a significant change occurred in the way many Egyptians imagined their national community. Before the 1930s, a highly westernized intellectual elite, adopting the model of European...

Scientism and Humanism: Two Cultures in Post-Mao China, 1978-1989.
June 1, 1996... Lucian W. Pye, Massachusetts Institute of Technology The center stage of Deng Xiaoping's China has been captured by the drama of economic growth, leaving the world with the impression that beyond pragmatism the Chinese are devoid of ideological...

Divided Waters: Bridging the U.S.-Mexico Border.
June 1, 1996... Stephen P. Mumme, Colorado State University This gem of a book analyzes the politics of water management on the United States-Mexico border using the twin cities of Nogales as a window on the possibilities for binational cooperation in water...

The European Union and the Regions.
June 1, 1996... Jeffrey Anderson, Brown University "Is Europe witnessing the death of the once mighty nation-state?" This dramatic question, which greets the reader on the inside flap of the book jacket, is the starting point for The European Union and the...

Democracy from Below: New Social Movements and the Political System in West Germany.
June 1, 1996... Russell J. Dalton, University of California, Irvine New social movements have become important and contentious new actors in advanced industrial societies. Koopmans presents a valuable study of the growth of these movements, and their use of...

Nationalism and Nationalities in the New Europe.
June 1, 1996... Donald Rothchild, University of California, Davis The study of nationalism has again become fashionable. Whereas liberal and Marxist scholars in the 1970s and 1980s were inclined to dismiss nationalism and ethnicity as anachronistic and...

The Rebel's Dilemma.
June 1, 1996... Anthony J. Gill, University of Washington In The Rebel's Dilemma, Mark Irving Lichbach presents a tour de force of the collective action research agenda with regards to the study of dissent, rebellion, and revolution. His book is monumental and...

Democratization and Social Settlements: The Politics of Change in Contemporary Portugal.
June 1, 1996... Walter C. Opello, Jr., State University of New York, Oswego These books are about the transition to democracy in Portugal, which began on April 25, 1974, when a group of military officers calling themselves the Armed Forces Movement (MFA)...

Remaking the Italian Economy.
June 1, 1996... Stephen Hellman, York University The ability of the Italian economy to flourish despite all the obstacles thrown in its way by the political system has long been noted and occasionally even studied in systematic fashion. Unsuccessful efforts...

The Making of Portuguese Democracy.
June 1, 1996... Walter C. Opello, Jr., State University of New York, Oswego These books are about the transition to democracy in Portugal, which began on April 25, 1974, when a group of military officers calling themselves the Armed Forces Movement (MFA)...

Argentina's Lost Patrol: Armed Struggle, 1969-1979.
June 1, 1996... Deborah L. Norden, Colby College For Argentina - perhaps even more than for its neighbors - the 1970s were a decade of debilitating and nearly incomprehensible violence. The military regime initiated in 1976 (Proceso de Reorganizacion Nacional)...

From Leningrad to St. Petersburg: Democratization in a Russian City.
June 1, 1996... Jeffrey W. Hahn, Villanova University The book under review is a study of the democratization process in a single Russian city, St. Petersburg (until 1991, Leningrad), from 1987 to 1994. Writing in a narrative style, Orttung chronicles the...

Corruption and State Politics in Sierra Leone.
June 1, 1996... Barry Riddell, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario Things Fall Apart was Achebe's novel written about the devastating effects of colonialism in Africa. Here, Will Reno recounts how patron-client relations taken to their extreme in Sierra...

Russia In Search of Its Future.
June 1, 1996... Stephen White, University of Glasgow The USSR, when it still existed, prided itself on knowing where it was going: forward and toward a radiant future. That faith has not survived the transition to postcommunist rule. Instead, there is the...

Designer Politics: How Elections Are Won.
June 1, 1996... Anthony King, University of Essex Any analysis of political marketing can go down either or both of two roads. Either it can focus on marketing's influence on politicians (whether or not, for example, it causes them to change their policies or...

Between Reform and Revolution: Political Struggles in the Peruvian Andes.
June 1, 1996... Cynthia McClintock, George Washington University The core argument of this book is that Peru's agrarian reform initiated political changes in Peru's highlands that culminated in the advance of the Sendero Luminoso guerrilla movement in the...

The Transformation of Italian Communism.
June 1, 1996... Donald L. M. Blackmer, Massachusetts Institute of Technology The author of The Transformation of Italian Communism had a fascinating tale to tell. In the post-Stalin years, the Italian Communist Party (PCI) was in a class of its own among the...

States and Economic Development: A Comparative Historical Analysis.
June 1, 1996... Peter Evans, University of California, Berkeley The rise of the East Asian NICs (newly industrializing countries) during the 1970s and 1980s helped spur a revival of interest in the economic role of the state. The resulting literature not only...

Recovered Roots: Collective Memory and the Making of Israeli National Tradition.
June 1, 1996... Myron J. Aronoff, Rutgers University There have been several important books published on collective memory, myth, and commemoration in Israel which are thus far only available in Hebrew (Maoz Azaryahu, State Cults; Celebrating Independence...

Multilateral Negotiations: Lessons from Arms Control, Trade and the Environment.
June 1, 1996... I. William Zartman, The Johns Hopkins University Although there are more instances and many case studies of multilateral negotiations, there are almost no conceptual - let alone theoretical - studies of the subject. Some of the excellent case...

The Workers of Nations: Industrial Relations in a Global Economy.
June 1, 1996... Jonas Pontusson, Cornell University In the words of the editor, the title of this collection of essays "reflects a basic tension inherent in the process of economic globalization: capital . . . is becoming more international, while labor...