American Political Science Review articles from June 1994

American Political Science Review archives from June 1994

Choosing justice: Socrates' model city and the practice of dialectic.
June 1, 1994... those who are to undertake the job of civic guard (411e4). It follows that techne no longer provides a sufficient indication of singularity of occupation. The founders' recognition of the integrity of this pair of arts thus represents a...

Heidegger on freedom: political not metaphysical.
June 1, 1994... Berlin, Isaiah. 1992. "Philosophy and Life: An Interview; New York Review of Books, 28 May, pp. 52-53. Blitz, Mark. 1981. Heidegger's "Being and Time" and the Possibility of Political Philosophy. Ithaca Cornell University Press. Boswell,...

Politics and the environment: nonlinear instabilities dominate.
June 1, 1994... The relationship between presidential elections in the United States and the degradation of the environment is not thoroughly understood. In this analysis, the relationship is characterized as a nonlinear interaction between oscillating...

Divided government in the American states: a byproduct of legislative professionalism?
June 1, 1994... Bill Clinton's election brought an end to an unprecedented 12 consecutive years of divided national government. But few observers are confident that Clinton's plurality victory has banished divided government from the scene, especially with the...

Racial threat and partisan identification.
June 1, 1994... Over the past three decades, as the Democratic party in the South has come to depend more heavily on black voters for its success, it has experienced a decline among white adherents. Power theory views relationships between groups as a function...

The strategic role of party ideology when voters are uncertain about how the economy works.
June 1, 1994... A continuum of voters, indexed by income, have preferences over economic outcomes. Two political parties each represent the interests of given constituencies of voters: the rich and the poor. Parties/candidates put forth policies--for instance,...

Economic security and value change.
June 1, 1994... Abramson, Paul R., and Ronald Inglehart, 1987. "Generational Replacement and the Future of Post-Materialist Values." Journal of Politics 49:231-41. Abramson, Paul R., and Ronald Inglehart, 1992. "Generational Replacement and Value Change in...

Expectations and preferences in British general elections.
June 1, 1994... Hibbs, Douglas A., Jr. 1982. "On the Demand for Economic Outcomes: Macroeconomic Performance and Mass Political Support in the United States, Great Britain, and Germany." Journal of Politics 43:426-61. Hudson, John. 1982. Inflation: A...

Collective identity formation and the international state.
June 1, 1994... Morris, Aldon, and Carol McClura Mueller, eds. 1992. Frontiers in Social Movement Theory. New Haven: Yale University Press. Nau, Henry. 1993. "Identity and International Politics." Presented at the annual meeting of the American Political...

Reassessing mass support for political and economic change in the former USSR.
June 1, 1994... Finifter and Mickiewicz (1992) present data from a survey of public opinion in the former USSR. They use these data to analyze some of the critical issues in the transition toward new political arrangements, including popular views of whether the...

Bayesian inference for comparative research.
June 1, 1994... A widely used tool in quantitative comparative politics is the linear regression model, estimating relationships between institutional and economic variables observed for a set of countries constituting some population of interest. A brief survey...

Public sphere, postmodernism and polemic.
June 1, 1994... COMMENT There are the sterilizing effects: Has anyone ever seen a new idea come out of a polemic?--Michel Foucault, Polemics, Politics, and Problemizations In his article "Postmodernism and the Public Sphere," Dana Villa (1992a) disputes...

Democracy and Decision: The Pure Theory of Electoral Preference.
June 1, 1994... Geoffrey Brennan has coauthored, with James Buchanan, a seminal work in constitutional political economy, The Reason of Rules, and The Power To Tax. Loren Lomasky is a philosopher interested in questions of authority and rights. After previously...

Arendt, Camus, and Modern Rebellion.
June 1, 1994... Arendt was a theorist of the extraordinary, a philosophical poet of the preternatural: Holocaust and Achilles, concentration camps and ancient spaces of appearance, imperialism and revolutions in search of freedom. In these jarring historical and...

The Idea of Democracy.
June 1, 1994... This collection consists of five parts. Part 1 concerns the "point" of democracy; parts 2-4 relate democracy to "preferences," "public reason," and "economics"; and part 5 consists of cases studies. Each part contains main papers plus...

Heidegger's Crisis: Philosophy and Politics in Nazi Germany.
June 1, 1994... The common thread connecting these two useful books is the vexed problem of the relation between Heidegger's philosophy and his nazism. Heidegger joined the Nazi party and served as the Nazi rector of the University of Freiburg briefly in 1933-34...

American Democracy: Aspects of Practical Liberalism.
June 1, 1994... Self-consciously, this book is in the tradition of Tocqueville, Bryce, and Laski. Its author, Gottfried Dietze, an erudite scholar and renowned teacher, is a native of the land of Beethoven, Hegel, and Goethe. He is also a long-time American...

Life's Dominion: An Argument about Abortion, Euthanasia, and Individual Freedom.
June 1, 1994... That women have a "right to abortion" is a dogma of contemporary liberalism; that people have a "right to die" is well on its way to achieving dogmatic status. One is hardly surprised, therefore, to find Ronald Dworkin, a liberal moralist of the...

A New Constitutionalism: Designing Political Institutions for a Good Society.
June 1, 1994... The essayists in this collection believe "that something systematic can be said about how political institutions work and can be made to work . . . and why some regimes are better than others'. In the current intellectual climate, this seems an...

The Dialogue of Justice: Toward a Self-Reflective Society.
June 1, 1994... In The Dialogue of Justice, James Fishkin has produced a readable and stimulating approach to liberalism. Meta-level engagement with a range of contemporary liberal theorists leads up to a reworking and development of something close to the...

Institutional Realism: Social and Political Constraints on Rational Actors.
June 1, 1994... Robert Grafstein has made a valuable effort to confront fundamental questions about the ontological status of political institutions and their effects on political behavior. Grafstein's theory of institutional realism holds that institutions are...

The Interpretable Constitution.
June 1, 1994... In the best tradition of political philosophy, Will Harris aims to make us puzzle over things taken for granted and to awaken a sense of wonder about the whole enterprise of written constitutionalism. His book often succeeds in provoking the...

Algernon Sidney and the Republican Heritage in England and America.
June 1, 1994... Algernon Sidney was executed in 1683. He was suspected of plotting to assassinate Charles II, king of England, and his brother James, Duke of York, the future James II. In the absence of the two witnesses required by the English law of treason,...

Choice over Time.
June 1, 1994... The issues of maintaining the quality of the ecosphere, the sustaining of the modern welfare state, and the restructuring of our national debt are each of immediate interest and of concern for those who examine intergenerational equity issues....

The Social Cage: Human Nature and the Evolution of Society.
June 1, 1994... Unlike the vast majority of theory works in social science, Maryanski and Turner embrace natural science as a relevant source of theory, data, and methods that social scientists can employ the better to understand human social behavior. In...

Foundations of Liberalism.
June 1, 1994... This is a very good book. Margaret Moore critically discusses, with admirable clarity and fairness, the work of a number of leading contemporary liberal thinkers, including Gewirth, Rawls, Gauthier, Larmore, Kymlicka, and Raz. Informed by a...

On the Edge of Anarchy: Locke, Consent, and the Limits of Society.
June 1, 1994... In this work, the author seeks "to present, analyze, and to a certain extent defend . . . John Locke's own theory in his Two Treatises of Government." In addition, On the Edge of Anarchy tries to present "the best possible defense" of Locke's...

Liberal Nationalism.
June 1, 1994... Yael Tamir's Liberal Nationalism is a philosophical essay on a subject of central importance in today's politics. Inspired by her involvement in the Israeli peace and civil rights movements, it attempts to reconcile two sets of seemingly...

Inequality.
June 1, 1994... Larry Temkin, an associate professor of philosophy at Rice University, has undertaken a daunting task. Observing that philosophers have written scores of books and journal articles in recent years in defense of egalitarianism, what he finds...

From Politics to Reason of State: The Acquisition and Transformation of the Language of Politics, 1250-1600.
June 1, 1994... In 1612, Trajano Boccalini took a step beyond Giovanni Botero to do what would have been shocking and unspeakable to Brunetto Latini in 1266 or even to Niccolo Machiavelli in 1512. He gave to "reason of state"-that insidious art of preserving the...

The Problems of a Political Animal: Community, Justice, and Conflict in Aristotelian Political Thought.
June 1, 1994... Bernard Yack's new book is an incisive and well-written meditation on the inescapable conflicts that define human communities. Unfortunately, his title is a bit misleading, since the word problems implies that there are solutions, whereas the...

Restoring Real Representation.
June 1, 1994... As the titles of both books indicate, these works set out to make a case for improving representation. Although both do a fine job of laying the groundwork of their theses, they make a less than convincing case that their proposed reforms would...

The Rebirth of Urban Democracy.
June 1, 1994... This is an earnest book and a good one. The authors seem torn between the optimism about neighborhood-based participation that is reflected in the book's title and their responsibility as social scientists to provide solid data and evaluate it...

Inviting Women's Rebellion: A Political Process Interpretation of the Women's Movement.
June 1, 1994... In less than 200 pages, Ann Costain analyzes the contemporary women's movement from roughly the 1960s through what she describes as its crescendo in 1975 to its current state of apathy and decline. She uses interviews and secondary archival...

Legislative Leviathan: Party Government in the House.
June 1, 1994... The conventional wisdom is tenacious. Political parties are weak in the United States. Indeed, congressional politics can be understood without factoring party cleavage or polarization into the analysis because the parties in Congress have...

At Women's Expense: State Power and the Politics of Fetal Rights.
June 1, 1994... Daniel's well-written and cogently argued book addresses the important issue of fetal rights outside the narrow context of abortion, where it is too often exclusively situated. Like Zillah Eisenstein (and Robin West), Daniels centers our focus on...

Regulatory Politics in Transition.
June 1, 1994... One of the most exciting recent developments in political science is the attention devoted to historical analysis--the rediscovery of history, if I may be permitted a mild exaggeration. Clearly, the dominant and, to date, the most fruitful...

The Lincoln Persuasion: Remaking American Liberalism.
June 1, 1994... The Lincoln Persuasion is a posthumously published book that is without two of the chapters David Greenstone intended for it to have, because they were not finished at the time of his death: one on the abolitionists Lydia Maria Child and...

The Craft of Justice: Politics and Work in Criminal Court Communities.
June 1, 1994... This is the third book based on a National Institute of Justice-funded study of the criminal court systems of nine middle-sized communities spread among three states (Illinois, Michigan, and Pennsylvania). In the first two books, Roy Flemming,...

Declaring Independence: Jefferson, Natural Language, and the Culture of Performance.
June 1, 1994... Starting from the premise that the Declaration of Independence was meant to be read aloud, Fliegelman takes his readers on a high-speed chase across the landscape of American popular culture in the early national period. He argues that the...

Inside NASA: High Technology and Organizational Change in the U.S. Space Program.
June 1, 1994... These two very good books use the theme of the organizational life cycle as a point of departure for the analysis of two organizations, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) and the National Aeronautics and Space Agency (NASA). Each...

LULAC: The Evolution of a Mexican American Political Organization.
June 1, 1994... The past few years have seen a steady, if modest, increase in the interest in, and research on, Latinos in the U.S. political system. Not only has research increased, it has also changed somewhat in tenor and direction and has encompassed a...

The Hollow Core: Private Interests in National Policy Making.
June 1, 1994... It has been said that the study of pressure politics in America is characterized by a surfeit of theory and a paucity of data. In this important volume, a distinguished set of coauthors who hail from the relevant disciplines of law, sociology,...

Redefining the First Freedom: The Supreme Court and the Consolidation of State Power, 1980-1990.
June 1, 1994... Religious deviance is one of the leading rationales human beings have given for depriving each other of fundamental rights. For worshipping the wrong deity or rock--or for worshipping the right deity or rock in the wrong way--people have been...

Sharing Power: Public Governance and Private Markets.
June 1, 1994... Sharing Power, by Donald F. Kettl, stands in a lengthening line of recent works on the relationship of public governments to private markets in the provision, production, and delivery of traditional public services. Kettl's work is not, however,...

The Market Experience.
June 1, 1994... Robert Lane was "blindsided in the 1960s by the counterculture" and spent the next 25 years coming to terms with it. As a result, he has produced a book that could do more to revolutionize Western civilization than anything produced by the...

Redeeming America: Piety and Politics in the New Christian Right.
June 1, 1994... This book examines the political thought espoused by leaders of the Christian Right in their published work. It is a welcome addition to existing scholarship, which focuses disproportionately on the activities, rather than the thought, of the...

Monitoring Government: Inspectors General and the Search for Accountability.
June 1, 1994... This book, by Paul Light, is a monograph on an institutional innovation in the federal government, namely, the centralization of auditing and investigation functions at the top level of executive branch departments and agencies, with such...

The United States as a Developing Country: Studies in U.S. History in the Progressive Era and the 1920s.
June 1, 1994... These two books are fascinating contributions to the growing literature synthesizing politics and history, though each for very different reasons. Martin Sklar's United States as a Developing Country, is a collection of articles representing over...

The Dynamics of Ethnic Competition and Conflict.
June 1, 1994... Olzak offers an ambitious and insightful view into the workings of group conflict. Her contributions in this volume are both theoretical and empirical. She focuses her attention on the historical period from 1877 to 1914 in the United States....

Out of Order.
June 1, 1994... This well-written book explores the mass media's influence in presidential elections. No previous study better documents the difference that media-dominated campaigns have made to American politics. Full of epigrammatic insights, this study...

The Supreme Court and the Attitudinal Model.
June 1, 1994... This is an important book by an important pair of scholars of the Supreme Court. It has already engendered a great deal of controversy, even among those who generally agree with the line of reasoning; and it will accordingly create even more...

The Politics Presidents Make: Leadership from John Adams to George Bush.
June 1, 1994... What are the determinants of presidential leadership? Why are some presidents widely considered "great," while others range in historical reputation from mediocre to disastrous failures? These questions have, in one way or another, been central...

The Scar of Race.
June 1, 1994... It is not possible to understand American politics without eventually engaging the question of race. Of course, the centrality and character of debates on the status of African-Americans in the polity have varied enormously. Yet since before the...

Hostage to Revolution: Gorbachev and Soviet Security Policy, 1985-1991.
June 1, 1994... Coit Blacker has produced a compact and very readable book that reviews the turbulent changes in Soviet foreign and security policy under Gorbachev. He writes in a well-organized and accessible manner, effectively using subtitles and verbal "road...

Coalition Politics and Parliamentary Power.
June 1, 1994... These recent books on parliaments and parliamentary practices are the products of a persistent endeavor, on the part of some Nordic scholars, as well as research milieus, to study the impact of institutional forces in political life. Although...

China's Quest for National Identity.
June 1, 1994... This remarkably coherent symposium should command broad attention throughout our discipline because it illuminates in numerous ways the confusing complexities and uncertain relationships among such supposedly self-evident concepts as state,...

Making a Market: The Institutional Transformation of an African Society.
June 1, 1994... Jean Ensminger has written an excellent book that addresses several different audiences. She is an anthropologist, but much of what she has to say is addressed to economists, sociologists, and political scientists. She "combines the...

The Politics of Food in Mexico: State Power and Social Mobilization.
June 1, 1994... The sun has not set on hopes that state bureaucracies in developing countries can implement reforms biased in favor of the poor. This hope persists despite the relatively sad record to date. The literature is replete with examples of reforms that...

Nations of Immigrants: Australia, the United States, and International Migration.
June 1, 1994... Is the process of state-formation among "nations of immigrants" distinctive in some important ways? Strange as it seems, despite the considerable weight attributed to immigration in explaining the political, economic, and social development of...

Environmental Risk, Environmental Values, and Political Choices: Beyond Efficiency Trade-Offs in Public Policy Analysis.
June 1, 1994... Contributors to the Gillroy volume argue that when traditional market methods, alone, are used to analyze public choices, conflicts over environmental risks often resist resolution. Including original essays by chemists, economists, philosophers,...

The Return of Civil Society: The Emergence of Democratic Spain.
June 1, 1994... The two books under review here are quite different in scope, but they share a common interest in exploring the recent history of Spain and the reasons for its successful democratization. The Return of Civil Society, by Victor Perez-Diaz, is a...

Apple of Gold: Constitutionalism in Israel and the United States.
June 1, 1994... Once dismissed as an artifact of eighteenth-century Europe, constitutionalism seems to be enjoying a certain renaissance. New or revised constitutional texts, inescapably accompanied by debate over more broadly constitutive matters, now figure...

Decision Making in the European Community: The Council Presidency and European Integration.
June 1, 1994... The entry into force of the Maastricht Treaty on European Union on 1 November, 1993 came after much delay, including a razor-thin referendum vote in France and two such votes (the second was to deal with an initial rejection) in Denmark. The...

Legislatures in the Policy Process: The Dilemmas of Economic Policy.
June 1, 1994... The two volumes reviewed here report findings and conclusions from ambitious research projects investigating aspects of policy making in a cross-national setting. In both, the research emanates from on-going collaboration by international teams...

German Unification in the European Context.
June 1, 1994... Perfect hindsight has led many scholars and practitioners alike to conclude that Germany's division was always destined to be temporary. Politicians in Bonn wrangle over the proper share of credit for having pursued the strategy that made...

The Sacred Cause: Civil-Military Conflict over Soviet National Security, 1917-1992.
June 1, 1994... Like many other features of the Soviet political order, Soviet civil-military relations have recently attracted new scholarly scrutiny. Even during the comparatively stable Khrushchev and Brezhnev eras, Western analysts' disagreements about the...

Citizens, Political Communication, and Interest Groups: Environmental Organizations in Canada and the United States.
June 1, 1994... This work is self-consciously directed at addressing in an empirical way an important normative issue in democratic theory: How are citizens to face the mounting informational challenges posed by policy issues in "postindustrial" society?...

Red Sunset: The Failure of Soviet Politics.
June 1, 1994... Accounts of the political system of the USSR have alternated between emphasizing its routinized, bureaucratic character and considering it anarchic, potentially unstable, and prone to personal dictatorship. In the late 1970s, Western analysts...

The Birth of Judicial Politics in France: The Constitutional Council in Comparative Perspective.
June 1, 1994... Judicial Politics in France is the first full-length study in English of France's Constitutional Council. An exhaustive account of a neglected institution, it adds an important chapter to our understanding of French politics. In a careful study...

The Challenge of Japan: Before World War II and After.
June 1, 1994... The two books under review are most welcome additions to the increasing literature in English on Japan's foreign policy, of which Gerard Curtis's collection, Japan's Foreign Policy after the Cold War (1992) is a notable example. They give readers...

The Presidency and the Rhetoric of Foreign Crisis.
June 1, 1994... As George Bush's meteoric public approval ratings in the wake of the Persian Gulf war aptly demonstrate, leadership in foreign crises from the Oval Office can provide clear domestic political benefits. But such approval can also be a short-lived...

The 1992 Project and the Future of Integration in Europe.
June 1, 1994... Part of the professional creed of political scientists is the belief that narrowly focused academic volumes--preferably monographs--are the most worthy. Yet this has not consistently been true of the scholarly study of the European Community. To...

The New Global Economy in the Information Age: Reflections on Our Changing World.
June 1, 1994... For the reader looking for new arguments or evidence about change in the world economy, this book will be a disappointment. On the other hand, it offers a succinct, albeit one-sided, summary of familiar arguments and data about the world economy...

International Peacekeeping.(Brief Article)
June 1, 1994... Alas for authors in the field of international relations in the mid-1990s and, above all, for those who write about something as contemporary as United Nations peacekeeping! International Peacekeeping evidently went to press just before the...

Bridging the Gap: Theory and Practice in Foreign Policy.
June 1, 1994... Alexander George undertakes an ambitious task in Bridging the Gap and does a more-than-creditable job in accomplishing it. George sets out to "encourage better communication and closer collaboration between academic scholars who study foreign...

Minorities at Risk: A Global View of Ethnopolitical Conflicts.
June 1, 1994... Ted Robert Gurr is probably best known for his Why Men Rebel (1970) which remains the fullest application of relative deprivation theory to conflict analysis. In Minorities at Risk, Gurr surveys the world to present "an integrated substantive and...

The Politics of Economic Adjustment.
June 1, 1994... Since the early 1980s, the challenge of adjustment has dominated economic policy throughout the developing world. In many countries, economic reform has been concurrent with democratization and regime change. Neoclassical reform measures, urged...

The United States and Latin America in the 1990s: Beyond the Cold War.
June 1, 1994... The end of the Cold War marked a turning-point in inter-American relations. From the early nineteenth century through the late 1980s, the U.S. policy toward Latin America primarily focused on real, potential, or imagined threats to its national...

The New Cold War? Religious Nationalism Confronts the Secular State.
June 1, 1994... This is an interesting book on a topic of contemporary concern. The rise of various ethnic and religious movements, which are challenging traditional authorities in many countries of the Second and Third Worlds, has led to the fear that the West...

Regulating Unfair Trade.
June 1, 1994... These two short books provide considered, scholarly examinations of U.S. efforts during the 1980s to counteract objectionable trading practices of other countries and ensure a "level playing field" for U.S. firms. Although both hedge their bets,...

Gendered States: Feminist (Re)Visions of International Relations Theory.
June 1, 1994... Gendered States provides an important critique of international relations theory by problematizing one of the theory's most central and privileged concepts, the state. The book provides critical analysis and deconstruction of the relationship...

Waiting for the Millennium: The United Nations and the Future of World Order.
June 1, 1994... There are several paradoxes associated with the United Nations. The organization has always been the object of contradictory attitudes: at the same time that many pin their hopes for world peace and security on the United Nations, others discard...

The Elusive Transformation: Science, Technology, and the Evolution of International Politics.
June 1, 1994... This book offers a very well written and thoughtful overview of the likely impacts of science and technology on international politics. Written as an extensive personal reflection by someone who has studied these issues for more than three...