American Political Science Review articles from December 1997

American Political Science Review archives from December 1997

The gains debate: framing state choice. (international relations theory)
December 1, 1997... State attempts to secure international cooperation are confined by the distribution of power across relevant actors, the constraints imposed by the international system, and the intentions and actions of other states. Recently, the theoretical...

Hegel and the ontological critique of liberalism. (Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel)
December 1, 1997... Is some form of identification with ethical norms and institutions a necessary condition of viable social life? If so, what form of identification is required? Contemporary communitarian theory argues for a particular form, which I will call...

Schumpeter, the New Deal, and democracy. (Joseph Schumpeter, economist)
December 1, 1997... Both his intellectual heirs and critics recognize the "extraordinary impact of Joseph Schumpeter on Anglo-American political scientists and theorists during the last half century (Held 1987, 164). There is wide agreement that his treatment of...

The boundaries of public reason.
December 1, 1997... The main burden of public reason in the liberal state is to reconcile claims originating in political differences among persons who may have nothing in common except membership in the political system. One of the more prominent exemplars for such...

A not-so-distant mirror: the 17th Amendment and congressional change. (provision for direct election of U.S. senators)
December 1, 1997... The selection of U.S. senators by state legislators occurred for the last time in November 1912. Just a few months later, on May 31, 1913, the 17th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution went into effect. It brought down the curtain on indirect...

The "veepstakes': strategic choice in presidential running mate selection.
December 1, 1997... In electing a subordinate officer the Electors will not require those qualifications requisite for supreme command. The office of Vice President will be a sinecure. It will be brought to market and exposed to sale to procure votes for the...

Distance versus direction: the illusory defeat of the proximity theory of electoral choice.
December 1, 1997... In an extensive series of articles, two of which were published in the Review, George Rabinowitz, Stuart Elaine Macdonald, and Ola Listhaug have launched a new spatial theory of electoral choice.(1) The new theory is presented as a direct...

Culture and the environment in the Pacific Northwest.
December 1, 1997... Empirical studies of environmental attitudes often ask what people want (Dunlap, Gallup, and Gallup 1993; Dunlap and Scarce 1991) but less frequently ask why. Perhaps it is because the answer seems straightforward, even simple. People want...

The realist paradigm and degenerative versus progressive research programs: an appraisal of neotraditional research on Waltz's balancing proposition. (political theory of Kenneth M. Waltz)
December 1, 1997... Within international relations inquiry, the debate over the adequacy of the realist paradigm has been fairly extensive since the 1970s. In Europe it is often referred to as the interparadigm debate (see Banks 1985; Smith 1995, 18-21). In North...

Evaluating theories. (response to article by John Vasquez, in this issue, p. 899)
December 1, 1997... Having previously covered the criticisms John Vasquez makes (see especially Waltz 1979, 1986), I respond to his article reluctantly. One is, however, always tempted to try again. Following Lakatos (1970), albeit shakily, in moving from...

Progressive research on degenerate alliances. (response to the article of John Vasquez,in this issue, p. 899)
December 1, 1997... John Vasquez is right to insist that students of international politics should, justify their theories in terms of Imre Lakatos's (1970) criteria for distinguishing progressive research programs from degenerative ones. Indeed, in our article on...

Lakatos and neorealism: a reply to Vasquez. (response to article by John Vasques, in this issue, p. 899)
December 1, 1997... John Vasquez (1997) provides an account of Lakatos's (1970) methodology of scientific research programs and then uses the criteria to conclude that the neorealist scientific research program is degenerating. In support of his claim, Vasquez...

New realist research on alliances: refining, not refuting, Waltz's balancing proposition. (Kenneth M. Waltz)(response to article by John Vasquez, in this issue, p. 899)
December 1, 1997... Vasquez's (1997) essay is a useful contribution to the enduring controversy over the merits of the realist approach to international relations theory. Disclaimers aside, Vasquez suggests that there is (or should be) one "true theory" of realism...

The progressive power of realism. (response to article by John Vasquez, in this issue, p. 899)
December 1, 1997... John Vasquez's evaluation of the realist research program is a misstep on the road to better international relations theory. By portraying realism as "degenerating," Vasquez hopes to influence both "individual decisions about where scholars are...

The Dissonance of Democracy: Listening, Conflict, and Citizenship.
December 1, 1997... David Kahane, University of Alberta In this lucid and intelligent book, Susan Bickford offers an account of democratic deliberation meant to show the political significance, as well as the interconnection, of group memberships and individual...

Privacy and the Politics of Intimate Life.
December 1, 1997... Eileen Bresnahan, University of Utah Although these books cover some of the same ground - both discuss issues related to abortion and to arguments for the transformation of politics in terms of an ethic of care - they do so in different ways,...

Women, Politics, and Reproduction: The Liberal Legacy.
December 1, 1997... Eileen Bresnahan, University of Utah Although these books cover some of the same ground - both discuss issues related to abortion and to arguments for the transformation of politics in terms of an ethic of care - they do so in different ways,...

Reasonable Democracy: Jurgen Habermas and the Politics of Discourse.
December 1, 1997... William E. Scheuerman, University of Pittsburgh Simone Chambers has written an extremely learned, carefully argued defense of Jurgen Habermas's theory of communicative rationality as a basis for conceptualizing deliberative democracy. Those...

Public Morality and Liberal Society.
December 1, 1997... Dennis G. Stevens, Augustana College In opposition to dominant trends in scholarship and changing popular attitudes, Harry Clot presents a careful, reasoned argument on behalf of what he calls "an ethic of decency" (p. 14). This ethic, he...

Beyond Orientation: Essays on Cross-Cultural Encounter.
December 1, 1997... Norma Claire Moruzzi, University of Illinois at Chicago In the nearly two decades since it was first published, Edward Said's (1979) Orientalism has become an interdisciplinary classic, a text that has reshaped scholarly approaches to...

Please Don't Wish Me a Merry Christmas: A Critical History of the Separation of Church and State.
December 1, 1997... Marla Brettschneider, University of New Hampshire Stephen M. Feldman presents a detailed critique of the history of the notion and politics of the separation of church and state in the West. His central goal is to disprove fundamental...

Domesticating Passions: Rousseau, Woman, and Nation.
December 1, 1997... Cheryl Hall, University of South Florida In recent years, many feminist political theorists have begun "rereading" canonical texts in political theory with an eye not only to their masculinist tenor but also to the resources they may offer...

Rousseau and the Politics of Ambiguity: Self, Culture, and Society.
December 1, 1997... Cheryl Hall, University of South Florida In recent years, many feminist political theorists have begun "rereading" canonical texts in political theory with an eye not only to their masculinist tenor but also to the resources they may offer...

Machiavelli's Virtue.
December 1, 1997... Timothy Fuller, Colorado College Harvey Mansfield brings together essays on Machiavelli he has written over 30 years and adds a substantial title essay. This collection includes Mansfield's introductions to works he has translated as well as...

Socrates' Discursive Democracy. Logos and Ergon in Platonic Political Philosophy.
December 1, 1997... Chris Rocco, University of Connecticut In Book 1 of Plato's Republic one finds as many definitions of justice as there are interlocutors. While everyone present recognizes that part of justice which resonates with his particular character,...

Judging Rights: Lockean Politics and the Limits of Consent.
December 1, 1997... Melissa A. Butler, Wabash College Isaac Newton practiced alchemy. He also left extensive musings on theological matters. When, as a student, I first learned about these aspects of Newton's life, I was stunned by what was, to me, their apparent...

The Heart of Altruism: Perceptions of a Common Humanity.(Brief Article)
December 1, 1997... Howard Margolis, University of Chicago This valuable and often moving book is divided between accounts of Monroe's extensive interviews with people who have made exceptional commitments to helping others and analysis that (mainly) challenges...

Requiem for Modern Politics: The Tragedy of the Enlightenment and the Challenge of the New Millennium.
December 1, 1997... John Martin Gillroy, Bucknell University A unique depression overtakes the individual who reads William Ophuls. It is not a superficial depression that can be easily dismissed, but a profound depression as one realizes that beneath the polemic...

The Legacy of Rousseau.
December 1, 1997... Eve Grace, Colorado College The premise of this fruitful volume is that we can better understand modernity's discontents by returning to one of the first radical antimoderns: Rousseau. The editors asked the contributors of these fourteen...

Tragedy and Enlightenment: Athenian Political Thought and the Dilemmaa of Modernity.
December 1, 1997... Denise Schaeffer, College of the Holy Cross "We are much more Greeks than we care to admit." So begins Rocco's book, a far-ranging treatment that includes Oedipus Tyrannos, the Oresteia, and Plato's Gorgias and Republic and concludes with...

A Conscience as Large as the World: Yves R. Simon Versus the Catholic Neoconservatives.
December 1, 1997... Mark David Hall, East Central University The Roman Catholic Church is often viewed as a bulwark against change of any sort. Over the past 35 years, however, Catholic doctrine has evolved rapidly, particularly in the realms of politics and...

John Dewey and the High Tide of American Liberalism.
December 1, 1997... Alfonso J. Damico, University of Florida During the first half of the twentieth century, John Dewey came closer than anyone else to setting the terms of debate for discussions about the nature of philosophy, education, and democracy in America....

Liberal Modernism and Democratic Individuality.
December 1, 1997... David Weistein, Wake Forest University According to Austin Sarat and Dana Villa in their introductory essay to Liberal Modernism and Democratic Individuality, George Kateb trusts that the "redemption of modernity hinges upon the possibility...

Democracy's Place.
December 1, 1997... Henry S. Richardson, Georgetown University This collection of previously published essays erects a multi-tiered scaffold in preparation for constructing an ambitious normative theory of democracy. As platforms offering critical purchase, the...

Liberal Economics and Democracy: Keynes, Galbraith, Thuros, and Reich.
December 1, 1997... Claudio J. Katz, Loyola University Chicago In the early 1970s, when even Milton Friedman proclaimed that "we are all Keynesians now," one would scarcely have anticipated that laissez-faire principles would soon dominate public debate....

International Relations and the Limits of Political Theory.
December 1, 1997... Steven Forde, University of North Texas Howard Williams presents his book as "a progress report upon my own thinking in political theory" as well as a statement about the current unsettled or transitional state of political theory in general....

The Pursuit of Absolute Integrity: How Corruption Control Makes Government Ineffective.
December 1, 1997... Michael Johnston, Colgate University No one much likes corruption, and calls for reform are politically popular. But the cures can be worse than the problem itself; at the very least, reformers ought to be aware of the difficulties they can...

Taking the Initiative: Leadership Agendas in Congress and the "Contract with America."
December 1, 1997... Donald C. Baumer, Smith College John Bader's book about congressional leadership is an effort to demonstrate that party leaders have been making choices about policy priorities for many years, and these choices can be linked directly to their...

Politics or Principle? Filibustering in the United States Senate.
December 1, 1997... Fred R. Harris, University of New Mexico The Senate of the United States is both powerful and peculiar: powerful because its authority is equal to that of the House of Representatives and then some, peculiar because it is not a majoritarian...

It Takes a Nation: A New Agenda for Fighting Poverty.
December 1, 1997... Lawrence M. Mead, New York University Ever since poverty became a national issue almost 40 years ago, research and writing about it have been dominated by academic economists, mostly of a liberal persuasion. Their work, based on advanced...

The Constitution of Interests: Beyond the Politics of Rights.
December 1, 1997... Mark Tushnet, Georgetown University Law Center John Brigham and Wayne Moore chart parallel paths through constitutional law that seem likely to lead future scholars to conclusions about the role of constitutional law in public life that differ...

Constitutional Rights and Powers of the People.
December 1, 1997... Mark Tushnet, Georgetown University Law Center John Brigham and Wayne Moore chart parallel paths through constitutional law that seem likely to lead future scholars to conclusions about the role of constitutional law in public life that differ...

Affirmative Action and the Stalled Quest for Black Progress.
December 1, 1997... Abigail Thernstrom, Manhattan Institute What a surprise: a book on affirmative action that actually has something new and illuminating to say. No thread-bare arguments, no tiresome polemics, no cute little anecdotes in the service of one...

The Face of the Nation: Immigration, the State and National Identity.
December 1, 1997... Rodolfo O. de la Garza, University of Texas This study develops a theory of "improvisational institutionalism" intended to explain American immigration policy. The author argues that this is needed because the major empirical theories that...

National Elections and the Autonomy of American Party Systems.
December 1, 1997... Peter F. Galderisi, Utah State University In this well-researched volume, James Gimpel reassesses V.O. Key's now classic claim that party competition leads to party unity (Southern Politics in State and Nation, 1949; American State Politics,...

Race, Campaign Politics, and the Realignment in the South.
December 1, 1997... Thad Beyle, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill This study looks at the "politics" side of our discipline, specifically, recent politics in the South. Glaser seeks to explain two separate yet intertwined political puzzles on the...

The Presidential Republic: Executive Representation and Deliberative Democracy.
December 1, 1997... Samuel B. Hoff, Delaware State University The concept of political representation, so extensively analyzed as it pertains to the legislative branch of American government, is applied to the presidency in this timely and thought-provoking study....

Down from Bureaucracy: The Ambiguity of Privatization and Empowerment.
December 1, 1997... William T. Gormley, Jr., Georgetown University In recent years, we have witnessed numerous efforts to curb big government. In a quest for greater efficiency, we have tried various forms of decentralization, deregulation, and privatization....

Continuity and Disruption: Essays in Public Administration.
December 1, 1997... John Rouse, Ball State University The underlying thesis of this work is that administration is central to politics. According to Matthew Holden, Jr., "politics, in brief, is the process of organizing power within human groups, large and small,...

Media Entrepreneurs and the Media Enterprise in the U.S. Congress.
December 1, 1997... Burdett A. Loomis, University of Kansas Once, in commenting on the value of mavericks in the U.S. Senate, Sen. Joseph Biden remarked that one senator like William Proxmire was great for the institution, but thirty like him would be a disaster....

The Power of Separation: American Constitutionalism and the Myth of the Legislative Veto.
December 1, 1997... Charles R. Shipan, University of Iowa In the 1983 case of INS v. Chadha, the Supreme Court struck down as unconstitutional those legislative vetoes that violate the presentment and bicameralism clauses of the Constitution. Since then, a strong...

Environmental Management and Governance.
December 1, 1997... William R. Lowry, Washington University How local governments are used in environmental management has a significant effect on policy outcomes. Yet, surprisingly little social science has systematically addressed the role of local governments...

Education nd Democratic Citizenship in America.
December 1, 1997... Michael X. Delli Carpini, Barnard College, Columbia University The presumed importance of formal education to good citizenship has been deeply imbedded in the theory and practice of democracy in America since the founding. Education provides...

Who Deliberates? Mass Media in Modern Democracy.
December 1, 1997... James S. Fishkin, University of Texas at Austin Ben Page's new book has many virtues. It is readable, thoughtful, and built around some case studies that will engage anyone interested in politics. The book is also more than a series of essays...

Building a Democratic Order: Reshaping American Liberalism in the 1930s and 1940s.
December 1, 1997... Clyde P. Weed, Southern Connecticut State University David Plotke has undertaken an important task here. His book attempts nothing less than the reintegration of state theory with earlier portraits of parties and electoral systems. The result...

The New Citizenship: Unconventional Politics, Activism, and Service.
December 1, 1997... Dick Simpson, University of Illinois at Chicago The New Citizenship is ideal for use as a supplement for American government courses or as a text in courses on elections, political participation, community organizing, or community service. It...

A Matter of Interpretaton: Federal Courts and the Law.
December 1, 1997... David Schultz, University of Wisconsin, River Falls Reconciling judicial power and discretion with majority rule is one of the most enduring and perplexing dilemmas in American politics. From the time Alexander Hamilton penned Federalist 78,...

The Making of an American Senate: Reconstitutive Change in Congress, 1787-1841.
December 1, 1997... Richard Bensel, Cornell University By way of this fine book, Elaine Swift has given us a highly sophisticated account of the transformation of the U.S. Senate from the founding through the Jacksonian period. Members of the Constitutional...

City of Stone: The Hidden History of Jerusalem.
December 1, 1997... Hillel Frisch, Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem, whose name ironically may be linked etymologically to peace, has in the past 150 years become synonymous with conflict. In fact, the recent history of this city is a microreflection of...

Governing Jerusalem: Again on the World's Agenda.
December 1, 1997... Hillel Frisch, Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem, whose name ironically may be linked etymologically to peace, has in the past 150 years become synonymous with conflict. In fact, the recent history of this city is a microreflection of...

Taking on Goliath: The Emergence of a New Left Party and the Struggle for Democracy in Mexico.
December 1, 1997... Charles L. Davis, University of Kentucky Following the 1988 presidential election, many commentators and even officials of the ruling Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI) were heralding the end of one-party rule in Mexico. A coalition...

Social Movements, Political Violence, and the State: A Comparative Analysis of Italy and Germany.
December 1, 1997... Christian Davenport, University of Colorado-Boulder Each of the books reviewed attempts to explain why, amid numerous options, violence is selected by different political actors. Della Porta principally examines dissidents, while O'Kane and...

Taking Lives.
December 1, 1997... Christian Davenport, University of Colorado-Boulder Each of the books reviewed attempts to explain why, amid numerous options, violence is selected by different political actors. Della Porta principally examines dissidents, while O'Kane and...

Terror, Force, and States: The Path from Modernity.
December 1, 1997... Christian Davenport, University of Colorado-Boulder Each of the books reviewed attempts to explain why, amid numerous options, violence is selected by different political actors. Della Porta principally examines dissidents, while O'Kane and...

The Transformation of Property Rights in the Gold Coast: An Empirical Analysis Applying Rational Choice Theory.
December 1, 1997... Robert Fatton, Jr., University of Virginia In this succinct, clear, and well-written book, Kathryn Firmin-Sellers offers a rational-choice explanation of the transformation of property rights in the Gold Coast. Her main argument is that...

Voting for Reform: Democracy, Political Liberalization, and Economic Adjustment.
December 1, 1997... Leslie Elliott Armijo, Northeastern University These two edited collections explore the influence of political context on economic development outside the advanced industrial democracies. Reform examines the ways in which domestic political...

Global Change, Regional Response: The New International Context of Development.
December 1, 1997... Leslie Elliott Armijo, Northeastern University These two edited collections explore the influence of political context on economic development outside the advanced industrial democracies. Reform examines the ways in which domestic political...

Traditional Politics and Regime Change in Brazil.
December 1, 1997... David S. Brown, Rice University When the state was "brought back" in the early 1980s, political scientists began to focus more intently on the constraints political institutions place on political actors. Since then, studies that emphasize the...

Daughters of Palestine.
December 1, 1997... Joyce Gelb, City University of New York These three books deal with aspects of women's political leadership in comparative political perspective. The Mazur book on France and the volume edited by Stetson and Mazur focus primarily on state...

Gender Bias and the State: Symbolic Reform at Work in Fifth Republic France.
December 1, 1997... Joyce Gelb, City University of New York These three books deal with aspects of women's political leadership in comparative political perspective. The Mazur book on France and the volume edited by Stetson and Mazur focus primarily on state...

Comparative State Feminism.
December 1, 1997... Joyce Gelb, City University of New York These three books deal with aspects of women's political leadership in comparative political perspective. The Mazur book on France and the volume edited by Stetson and Mazur focus primarily on state...

Comparing Policy Networks: Labor Politics in the U.S., Germany, and Japan.
December 1, 1997... Robert Huckfeldt, Indiana University Knoke, Pappi, Broadbent, and Tsujinaka undertake an important and ambitious effort to compare labor policymaking across three national contexts - Japan, Germany, and the United States. Even in the context of...

The Politics of Clientelism: Democracy and the State in Columbia.
December 1, 1997... J. Mark Ruhl, Dickinson College John Martz is a leading authority on Latin American politics who has been studying Colombia and its neighbors, Venezuela and Ecuador, for four decades. In 1962 he published Colombia: A Contemporary Political...

The Policy-Making Process in Contemporary Japan.
December 1, 1997... T. J. Pempel, University of Wisconsin Throughout the 1990s, a number of longstanding verities about Japanese politics and economics ran headlong into new and competing realities. Nearly four decades of exceptional economic performance gave way...

Japanese Democracy: Power, Coordination, and Performance.
December 1, 1997... T. J. Pempel, University of Wisconsin Throughout the 1990s, a number of longstanding verities about Japanese politics and economics ran headlong into new and competing realities. Nearly four decades of exceptional economic performance gave way...

Ethnoregional Conflict in Democracies: Mostly Ballots, Rarely Bullets.
December 1, 1997... Robert J. Thompson, East Carolina University Saul Newman has written an important book for those of us interested in ethnoregional conflict in the democratic political systems of Western Europe and North America. The subtitle of the book...

The Undermining of the Sandinista Revolution.
December 1, 1997... Andrew J. Stein, Tennessee Technological University Nicaragua has been studied as thoroughly as any country, as is demonstrated by the hundreds of publications since the early 1980s. Its attraction was the uniqueness of the transformation...

Building a Palestinian State: The Incomplete Revolution.
December 1, 1997... Ian S. Lustick, University of Pennsylvania Although seldom included in comparative treatments of revolution, social movements, or decolonization, the Palestinian revolt of 1987-93, commonly known by its Arabic name as the "Intifada," has been...

Repertoires and Cycles of Collective Action.
December 1, 1997... These seven articles on collective action in social movements all work with the concepts of repertoires and cycles of protest. The book grew out of a couple of sessions at the Social Science History Association in 1991, and all but three of the...

Democracy, Capitalism and Empire in Late Victorian Britain, 1885-1910.
December 1, 1997... It is widely assumed that religion undergirded politics in late-Victorian and Edwardian Britain. The nineteenth-century historian Thomas Macaulay described the Anglican Church as "the Tory Party at prayer," while the Liberal Party came together...

Corporatism and Comparative Politics: The Other Great "Ism."
December 1, 1997... Douglas A. Chalmers, Columbia University For some time now, political scientists have been using "corporatism" to describe state incorporation of social groups in many eras and regions. Almost three decades ago Howard Wiarda was an early...

Class Counts: Comparative Studies in Class Analysis.
December 1, 1997... Tom Mayer, University of Colorado The Comparative Class Analysis Project, some results of which are reported in this book, is one of the few truly great social research endeavors of our time. Carried on over a period of 17 years, it sheds more...

Markets, States, and Public Policy: Privatization in Britain and France.
December 1, 1997... Anthony Daley, Connecticut College The relationship between politics and markets has changed dramatically in the last generation. Political elites in both advanced and developing countries have for the most part forsaken attempts to control...

Debt Games: Strategic Interaction in International Debt Rescheduling.
December 1, 1997... Cedric Dupont, Graduate Institute of International Studies, Geneva The cascade of financial distress that hit most developing countries after the tightening of U.S. monetary policy in 1981 has been a major threat to the international financial...