American Political Science Review articles from December 1996

American Political Science Review archives from December 1996

Explaining interethnic cooperation.
December 1, 1996... I grew up in a Jewish section of Flatbush that bordered an Italian neighborhood. Sometimes on our way to school, some Italian kids - nearly all of them went to parochial schools - would hassle and even attack us. Although they lived only a few...

The electoral connection in the Chinese countryside.
December 1, 1996... Quantitative empirical inquiry into congruence between political leaders and ordinary citizens takes as its point of departure the following claim: Leaders emerge as the outcome of a competitive political process influenced in large part by...

Uncertainty, shifting power, and appeasement.
December 1, 1996... During the 1930s Great Britain tried to appease Germany by acceding to its demands to revise the international status quo in its favor. Had German demands been limited, appeasement might very well have averted an unnecessary war. As it turned...

Do bills of rights matter? The Canadian charter of rights and freedoms.
December 1, 1996... Constitutionalism, the attempt to protect liberty through the design of political institutions, is currently enjoying a revival of interest. Numerous countries, ranging from former members of the Eastern Bloc to Canada, have engaged in...

Partisan effects of voter turnout in senatorial and gubernatorial elections.
December 1, 1996... With a jump in turnout in 1992 and implementation of the National Voter Registration Act (NVRA) in 1995, the United States may have entered a new era of higher voter participation. If so, a period of three decades during which steadily declining...

Do majority-minority districts maximize substantive black representation in Congress?
December 1, 1996... After the 1990 Census, the North Carolina state legislature drew up a reapportionment plan whereby only one district out of twelve had a majority of minority voters, that is, was a "majority-minority" district. This plan was then submitted to...

Voting and vetoing.
December 1, 1996... In 1945, only a few weeks before the total victory over Nazi Germany, the founders of the United Nations met in San Francisco to continue discussions on the framework and charter of this institution. A year earlier, at Yalta, it had already been...

Myth and reality in business support for Democrats and Republicans in the 1936 presidential election.
December 1, 1996... The New Deal has recently become a major focus for social scientists concerned with power relations between the state and civil society. Much of this concern has been directed at the origins of the key legislative enactments of the early New...

The European Parliament as a conditional agenda setter: what are the conditions? A critique of Tsebelis (1994). (response to George Tsebelis, APSA Comparative Politics, vol. 6, p. 4, 1994)
December 1, 1996... In an influential paper on the cooperation procedure in the European Union (EU) that focuses, among others, on the legislative decision-making rule with which the internal market program was implemented, George Tsebelis (1994) argues that the...

More on the European Parliament as a conditional agenda setter: response to Moser. (response to Peter Moser in this issue, p. 834)
December 1, 1996... The article that Peter Moser criticizes (Tsebelis 1994) uses a multidimensional Euclidean model to investigate interactions among the Council of Ministers, the Commission of the European Union, and the European Parliament (EP) in the second round...

The claim of issue creation on the U.S. Supreme Court. (response to Kevin T. McGuire, American Political Science Review, vol. 89, p. 691, 1995)
December 1, 1996... In 1963, the U.S. Supreme Court received seven cases for review which, in one way or another, touched on the subject of capital punishment. In none of these petitions did attorneys raise questions concerning the constitutionality of the death...

Issues, agendas, and decision making on the Supreme Court. (response to Lee Epstein in this issue, p. 845)
December 1, 1996... In 1972 the U.S. Supreme Court heard oral arguments in two cases that, in one way or another, touched on the subject of abortion. In neither of these cases did attorneys raise questions concerning the point at which, during a pregnancy, the state...

The Black Progress Question: Explaining the African American Predicament.
December 1, 1996... At the dawn of the twentieth century, W. E. B. Du Bois, in the Forethought to The Souls of Black Folk (1903), made his now famous observation on the fundamental political problem then facing the United States: "The problem of the Twentieth...

Faded Dreams: The Politics and Economics of Race in America.
December 1, 1996... At the dawn of the twentieth century, W. E. B. Du Bois, in the Forethought to The Souls of Black Folk (1903), made his now famous observation on the fundamental political problem then facing the United States: "The problem of the Twentieth...

Separate and Unequal: Blacks Americans and the US Federal Government.
December 1, 1996... At the dawn of the twentieth century, W. E. B. Du Bois, in the Forethought to The Souls of Black Folk (1903), made his now famous observation on the fundamental political problem then facing the United States: "The problem of the Twentieth...

Separate City: Black Communities in the Urban South, 1940-1968.
December 1, 1996... At the dawn of the twentieth century, W. E. B. Du Bois, in the Forethought to The Souls of Black Folk (1903), made his now famous observation on the fundamental political problem then facing the United States: "The problem of the Twentieth...

The Bubbling Cauldron: Race, Ethnicity, and the Urban Crisis.
December 1, 1996... At the dawn of the twentieth century, W. E. B. Du Bois, in the Forethought to The Souls of Black Folk (1903), made his now famous observation on the fundamental political problem then facing the United States: "The problem of the Twentieth...

We Have No Leaders: African Americans in the Post-Civil Rights Era.
December 1, 1996... At the dawn of the twentieth century, W. E. B. Du Bois, in the Forethought to The Souls of Black Folk (1903), made his now famous observation on the fundamental political problem then facing the United States: "The problem of the Twentieth...

Political Protest and Social Change: Analyzing Politics.
December 1, 1996... Amid the many "turns" in the social sciences over the past few decades - most of them only briefly taken - there has been an extraordinary re-turn: the rebirth of systematic comparative and historical studies of contentious politics. I use the...

The Politics of Social Protest: Comparative Perspectives on States and Social Movements.
December 1, 1996... Amid the many "turns" in the social sciences over the past few decades - most of them only briefly taken - there has been an extraordinary re-turn: the rebirth of systematic comparative and historical studies of contentious politics. I use the...

New Social Movements in Western Europe: A Comparative Analysis.
December 1, 1996... Amid the many "turns" in the social sciences over the past few decades - most of them only briefly taken - there has been an extraordinary re-turn: the rebirth of systematic comparative and historical studies of contentious politics. I use the...

Shanghai on Strike: The Politics of Chinese Labor.
December 1, 1996... Amid the many "turns" in the social sciences over the past few decades - most of them only briefly taken - there has been an extraordinary re-turn: the rebirth of systematic comparative and historical studies of contentious politics. I use the...

Popular Contention in Great Britain: 1758-1834.
December 1, 1996... Amid the many "turns" in the social sciences over the past few decades - most of them only briefly taken - there has been an extraordinary re-turn: the rebirth of systematic comparative and historical studies of contentious politics. I use the...

Ikki: Social Conflict and Political Protest in Early Modern Japan.
December 1, 1996... Amid the many "turns" in the social sciences over the past few decades - most of them only briefly taken - there has been an extraordinary re-turn: the rebirth of systematic comparative and historical studies of contentious politics. I use the...

The Sacred Fire of Liberty: James Madison and the Founding of the Federal Republic.
December 1, 1996... Vincent McGuire, University of Colorado at Boulder Lance Banning, continuing his pursuit of the intellectual principles of the Founders, has given us a novel insight into what can only be called the odyssey of James Madison. Banning's singular...

Justice as Impartiality.
December 1, 1996... Charles Larmore, Columbia University Brian Barry's new book forms the second volume in a projected trilogy entitled A Treatise on Social Justice. It offers a systematic account of the liberal-democratic idea of justice as impartiality. Both...

Really Existing Nationalisms: A Post-Communist View from Marx and Engels.
December 1, 1996... David Miller, Nuffield College, Oxford University The revival of interest in the political theory of nationalism provides both an opportunity and a good reason to look again at how earlier theorists have responded to questions of nationality....

For Love of Country: An Essay on Patriotism and Nationalism.
December 1, 1996... David Miller, Nuffield College, Oxford University The revival of interest in the political theory of nationalism provides both an opportunity and a good reason to look again at how earlier theorists have responded to questions of nationality....

Theories of Tyranny from Plato to Arendt.
December 1, 1996... Larry Arnhart, Northern Illinois University This book surveys the idea of tyranny in the history of political theory. Moving in chronological order, Boesche offers extensive commentary on how tyranny has been analyzed by a dozen political...

Care, Gender, and Justice.
December 1, 1996... Wendy Gunther-Canada, University of Alabama at Birmingham In this provocative study Diemut Bubeck examines the exploitation of women as caregivers in a gendered society. This work's great strength lies in its materialist approach to the...

Classical Liberalism: The Unvanquished Ideal.
December 1, 1996... James M. Glass, University of Maryland The two books under review are arguments in support of classical liberal perspectives. David Conway engages in a philosophical debate with modern liberals, communitarians, and conservatives; the...

Liberty for the Twentieth-first Century: Contemporary Libertarian Thought.
December 1, 1996... James M. Glass, University of Maryland The two books under review are arguments in support of classical liberal perspectives. David Conway engages in a philosophical debate with modern liberals, communitarians, and conservatives; the...

The Two Faces of Political Apathy.
December 1, 1996... Philip Green, Smith College As its title reveals, this book is a well-deserved hommage to Peter Bachrach, who did so much to bring about the 1960s revival of what DeLuca calls, in a chapter on Bachrach and E. E. Schattschneider, "plain...

Discourses of Power: From Hobbes to Foucault.
December 1, 1996... Jacqueline Stevens, University of Michigan In Discourses of Power Barry Hindess characterizes two dominant conceptions of power in "Western political thought in the modern period" - the "capacity to act" and the "right to act" (p. 1) -...

The Struggle for Recognition: The Moral Grammar of Social Conflicts.
December 1, 1996... Horst Mewes, University of Colorado at Boulder Honneth's aim is an ambitious one: he wants to lay the "foundations for a normative social theory" (p. 1). Its basis, in his view, must be the "logic of social conflict." Theories of conflict, he...

Rights Across Borders: Immigration and the Decline of Citizenship.
December 1, 1996... Jeff Spinner-Halev, University of Nebraska - Lincoln While in some parts of the world states are inching toward integration with open borders and trade, elsewhere nationalism is showing its strength anew. David Miller declares that nationality...

On Nationality.
December 1, 1996... Jeff Spinner-Halev, University of Nebraska - Lincoln While in some parts of the world states are inching toward integration with open borders and trade, elsewhere nationalism is showing its strength anew. David Miller declares that nationality...

Hayek's Social and Political Thought.
December 1, 1996... Gordon Tullock, University of Arizona This book can be best summarized by its last three sentences: "Markets must, as [Hayek] rightly insists, play an important role. How far they should extend, and how far they should be constrained, and what...

The Pleasures of Virtue: Political Thought in the Novels of Jane Austen.
December 1, 1996... Ethan Fishman, University of South Alabama This is an unusual book. It takes the texts of novels seriously, even suggesting that they might offer valuable insights into classic political and ethical issues. It offers an original explication of...

Paradoxes of Modernity: Culture and Conduct in the Theory of Max Weber.
December 1, 1996... Nancy L. Schwartz, Wesleyan University Wolfgang Schluchter, a leading scholar of Max Weber, here contributes a work that has not previously been published in German and, in a key chapter, completes an important and missing link in his analysis:...

Mass Enlightenment: Critical Studies in Rousseau and Diderot.
December 1, 1996... Tracy B. Strong, University of California, San Diego Of all the great political theorists, Rousseau is perhaps, with Nietzsche and Plato, the most protean. The range of interpretations lends itself to every political position on the spectrum...

Rosseau and Liberty.
December 1, 1996... Tracy B. Strong, University of California, San Diego Of all the great political theorists, Rousseau is perhaps, with Nietzsche and Plato, the most protean. The range of interpretations lends itself to every political position on the spectrum...

Moral Rights and Political Freedom.
December 1, 1996... Jack Donnelly, University of Denver Moral Rights and Political Freedom is a book with a mission. "Individual rights today stand in grave danger" (p. 1), Tara Smith argues, due to an inflation in their number and a consequent devaluing of the...

Herodotus and the Origins of the Political Community: Arion's Leap.
December 1, 1996... Clifford Orwin, University of Toronto See that woman with the bronze-tipped ram battering at the gates of the pantheon of political theory? She's not trying to demolish the edifice but to compel the admission of one unjustly excluded. To hear...

Real Freedom for All: What (If Anything) Can Justify Capitalism?
December 1, 1996... Howard J. Sherman, University of California, Riverside Van Parijs argues that capitalism has an unacceptable level of inequality and that freedom is a high priority. He recognizes and states in great detail the conservative argument that...

Arendt and Heidegger: The Fate of the Political.
December 1, 1996... Fred Dallmayr, University of Notre Dame Finally a book about Arendt and Heidegger that one can read with intellectual benefit - and without embarrassment! Recent years have seen the emergence of a genre of writing on this topic that, in its...

Reconsidering American Liberalism: The Troubled Odyssey of the Liberal Idea.
December 1, 1996... Thomas L. Dumm, Amherst College James P. Young's reconsideration of American liberalism is a comprehensive and thematic re-reading, not only of the liberal idea in America, but of the history of most of American political thought from the...

Freeing the First Amendment: Critical Perspectives on Freedom of Expression.
December 1, 1996... Donald A. Downs, University of Wisconsin, Madison In the first major essay of Freeing the First Amendment, noted First Amendment scholar Frederick Schauer declares that vibrant criticism of current liberal free speech doctrine is needed because...

Battles on the Bench: Conflict Inside the Supreme Court.
December 1, 1996... Lawrence Baum, Ohio State University No group of people who work together on consequential matters for long periods can avoid conflict. For that reason, the frequency with which conflicts arise among justices on the United States Supreme Court...

Ethnic Ironies: Latino Politics in the 1992 Elections.
December 1, 1996... Roberto E. Villarreal, University of Texas at El Paso Ethnic Ironies: Latino Politics in the 1992 Elections is a continuation of an effort to establish a record of Latinos' participation in the electoral system. In a way, it is a comparative...

The Rhetoric of Church and State.
December 1, 1996... Stephen V. Monsma, Pepperdine University In The Rhetoric of Church and State Federick Gedicks powerfully analyzes the underlying causes of the controversies - and many would say incoherence - that often mark the Supreme Court's church-state...

The Federal Impeachment Process: A Constitutional and Historical Analysis.
December 1, 1996... Mark J. Rozell, American University It is no accident that commentators and scholars pay the most attention to the impeachment process during periods of official proceedings against high-level federal officeholders. The topic has less obvious...

Strategic Disagreement: Stalemate in American Politics.
December 1, 1996... Sean Q. Kelly, East Carolina University In Strategic Disagreement, John Gilmour provides a well-structured discussion of the political strategies pursued by politicians and political parties that often result in stalemate in American politics....

Autos, Smog, and Pollution Control: The Politics of Air Quality, Management in California.
December 1, 1996... John J. Kirlin, University of Southern California A useful, comprehensive primer on development and implementation of air quality management policies in California, Autos, Smog and Pollution Control ranges widely. National, state, and local...

Catastrophic Politics: The Rise and Fall of the Medicare Catastrophic Coverage Act of 1988.
December 1, 1996... Christine L. Day, University of New Orleans The Medicare Catastrophic Coverage Act (MCCA), passed by overwhelming majorities in both chambers of Congress in 1988, was the largest expansion of Medicare since the program's inception. Funded...

Poverty and Power: The Political Representation of Poor Americans.
December 1, 1996... Kay Lehman Schlozman, Boston College Douglas Imig's investigation of the response of advocates for the poor to the political changes wrought by the Reagan administration is the best kind of case study. On the one hand, it is theoretically...

Public Attitudes Toward Church and State.
December 1, 1996... J. Christopher Soper, Pepperdine University Public Attitudes toward Church and State provides a thoughtful and effective analysis of mass and elite views of religious free-exercise and establishment clause issues. The book makes outstanding use...

Who Controls Public Lands?: Mining, Forestry and Grazing Policies, 1870-1990.
December 1, 1996... Robert H. Nelson, University of Maryland Who Controls Public Lands? argues that four basic ideas have dominated policies for the 30% of the land area of the United States now owned by the federal government. During the nineteenth century,...

Young v. Old: Generational Combat in the 21st Century.
December 1, 1996... William G. Mayer, Northeastern University The age profile of the American population, it has long been recognized, has changed substantially over the last several decades. The birth rate has been declining, life expectancy is increasing, the...

With Malice Toward Some: How People Make Civil Liberties Judgments.
December 1, 1996... James L. Gibson, University of Houston When I finished reading Political Tolerance in American Democracy by John Sullivan, Jim Piereson, and George Marcus (1982) many years ago, I thought it the definitive work on political tolerance. In...

The Dilemma of the Fetus: Fetal Research, Medical Progress, and Moral Politics.
December 1, 1996... Patricia Boling, Purdue University Steven Maynard-Moody has written a lucid, gripping, and fair history of the public debate over fetal research. The story begins in the years preceding Roe v. Wade, with dawning public dismay over unethical...

Nothing to Read: Newspapers and Elections in a Social Experiment.
December 1, 1996... Marion R. Just, Wellesley College When media researcher Jeff Mondak encountered an obstacle in the shape of the 1992 Pittsburgh newspaper strike, he imaginatively turned it into a research opportunity. The population of Pittsburgh became the...

Cityscapes and Capital: The Politics of Urban Development.
December 1, 1996... Richard E. DeLeon, San Francisco State University Michael Pagano and Ann Bowman have written an informative and provocative book that opens new terrain for students of urban politics and local economic development. Based on a comparative...

The Impact of Judicial-Selection Method on State-Supreme-Court Policy: Innovation, Reaction, and Atrophy.
December 1, 1996... Henry R. Glick, Florida State University Whether the method of selecting judges has an effect on judges' preference and court decisions has been a controversial issue in the politics of court reform and in political science for decades. Many...

Community, Culture and Economic Development: The Social Roots of Local Action.
December 1, 1996... Gerry Stoker, University of Strathclyde at Glasgow This book presents an account of rural politics in two small towns in Somerset County, Maryland's poorest county. It argues that there are considerable economic and political interests that...

The Jurisprudential Vision of Justice Antonin Scalia.
December 1, 1996... Richard A. Brisbin, Jr., West Virginia University Four decades ago the Supreme Court's justices were strong personalities with distinctive visions about the future of the American regime. Justices Hugo Black, William Brennan, William Douglas,...

Managing Legal Uncertainty: Elite Lawyers in the New Deal.
December 1, 1996... Mark Kessler, Bates College In this richly detailed sociohistorical study, Ronen Shamir (sociology, Tel Aviv University) examines conflicting political reactions of elite corporate lawyers, solo practitioners, and academic legal realists to...

Madison on the "General Welfare" of America: His Consistent Constitutional Vision.
December 1, 1996... George W. Carey, Georgetown University In recent decades some scholars have challenged the widely accepted position that Madison's views on federalism, particularly with respect to the constitutional distribution of powers between the states...

Popular Government and the Supreme Court: Securing the Public Good and Private Rights.
December 1, 1996... Gary Jeffrey Jacobsohn, Williams College One of the frustrations of writing about the world's oldest written constitution is that there are certain subjects about which it is very difficult to say anything that has not been said before....

Remaking Congress: Change and Stability in the 1990s.
December 1, 1996... Paul J. Quirk, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign The U.S. Congress in recent years has refused to sit still long enough to let political scientists paint an accurate portrait. Over the past two decades Congress has been embroiled in...

Counties in Court: Jail Overcrowding and Court-Ordered Reform.
December 1, 1996... William A. Taggart, New Mexico State University During the last quarter-century, most state governments and countless local governments have been on the losing side of lawsuits brought by individuals challenging the conditions of publicly...

Closed Doors, Opportunities Lost: The Continuing Costs of Housing Discrimination.
December 1, 1996... Samuel L. Myers, Jr., University of Minnesota For more than a decade, federal lending officials and the top brass at insurance and housing regulatory agencies denied the existence of illegal racial and ethnic discrimination in housing markets....

Soldiers, Civilians, and Democracy: Post-Franco Spain in Comparative Perspective.
December 1, 1996... Donald Share, University of Puget Sound Spain's remarkable transition from authoritarianism to democracy between 1975 and 1978 is often cited as the paragon of peaceful and relatively rapid regime transition. However, the failed coup attempt of...

Feminists, Islam, and Nation: Gender and the Making of Modern Egypt.
December 1, 1996... Masoud Kazemzadeh, University of Alabama at Birmingham From the eighteenth century until the 1960s, the study of Middle Eastern polities had been dominated by the Orientalist paradigm. According to this paradigm, Western social scientific...

Women and the Political Process in Twentieth-Century Iran.
December 1, 1996... Masoud Kazemzadeh, University of Alabama at Birmingham From the eighteenth century until the 1960s, the study of Middle Eastern polities had been dominated by the Orientalist paradigm. According to this paradigm, Western social scientific...

The Politics of Water: Urban Protest, Gender, and Power in Monterrey, Mexico.
December 1, 1996... Helen Ingram, University of California at Irvine Useful and wide ranging, this case study manages to address a number of topics. Vivienne Bennett uses municipal water supply policy in Monterrey as a window through which to view unbalanced urban...

State, Capitalism, and Democracy in Latin America.
December 1, 1996... Ronald H. Chilcote, University of California, Riverside The major theme in this important book revolves around the possibilities and limitations of democratic capitalism in Latin America. This problematic evolves rather deliberately through a...

Political Liberalization and Democratization in the Arab World, vol. 1, Theoretical Perspectives.
December 1, 1996... Augustus Richard Norton, Boston University Is the title Political Liberalization and Democratization in the Arab World sardonic? Given the recent democratization reverses in Algeria, Egypt, Tunisia, and Yemen, one might think so; but in fact...

SDP: The Birth, Life and Death of the Social Democratic Party.
December 1, 1996... David E. Butler, Nuffield College This is a notable contribution to political science. The story of the birth, life, and death of a party that for a short time seemed likely to break the mold of British politics would always have been a...

Poland's Permanent Revolution: People vs. Elites, 1956-1990.
December 1, 1996... Robert Zuzowski, University of the Witwatersrand This is a splendid collection of articles, five of them, all dealing with Poland's political crises, beginning with the October 1956 crisis and culminating in the 1989 collapse of the communist...

State Building and Democracy in Southern Africa: Botswana, Zimbabwe, and South Africa.
December 1, 1996... James R. Scarritt, University of Colorado at Boulder Utilizing a modified version of the state-society framework presented in Joel Migdal's (1988) Strong Societies and Weak States, Pierre du Toit analyzes the prospects for sustainable democracy...

Anatomy of a Dictatorship: Inside the GDR, 1949-1989.
December 1, 1996... Helga A. Welsh, Wake Forest University The scholarly investigation of former dictatorships constitutes one of many attempts to understand the past and to avoid its repetition. This approach is particularly evident in the unified Germany where...

Engendering the Chinese Revolution: Radical Women, Communist Politics, and Mass Movements in the 1920s.
December 1, 1996... Jean C. Robinson, Indiana University The Chinese Communists periodically promote new policies aimed at gender reform. The old assertion that "women hold up half the sky" and the new assertion that sexual equality is rapidly being achieved rest...

Rights of Passage: Struggles for Lesbian and Gay Legal Equality.
December 1, 1996... Shane Phelan, University of New Mexico Lesbian and gay politics is a new and fertile field for research on social movements. Rights of Passage is a fine example of the new scholarship. Didi Herman addresses the relation between social movements...