Journal of the American Dietetic Association articles from May 2000

Journal of the American Dietetic Association archives from May 2000

Helping others help themselves.
May 1, 2000... In the Journal this month we revisit some of our favorite topics, including fruit and vegetable consumption, use of low-fat food by people with diabetes, and the development of a multimedia nutrition education program for adults. So what do...

Giant steps forward for the profession.
May 1, 2000... In this, my last month as president of the American Dietetic Association, I look back with pride at the progress our profession has made in the past year. Our greatest achievement, of course, is the completion of our new strategic plan, which...

Foodservice in correctional facilities.
May 1, 2000... How would you approach development of a foodservice plan-budgeted at less than $3 per person per day--for a growing population that included both men and women, the young and the elderly, the healthy and the chronically ill, vegetarians and...

The antioxidant conundrum: Two recent studies point in different directions.
May 1, 2000... Many epidemiological studies have advanced the idea that high blood concentrations of antioxidant vitamins or dietary intake of antioxidants can protect against cancer and cardiovascular disease. On the strength of these findings--and the...

Diet office redesign to enhance satisfaction and reduce costs.
May 1, 2000... Fierce competition in the market of managed care has created enormous to pressure for provider organizations to maintain the highest levels of efficiency and effectiveness (1). Often there is gap between existing performance levels in clinical...

Arizona Dietetic Association annual meeting.
May 1, 2000... The Arizona Dietetic Association annual meeting will be held June 8-9 in Mesa, Ariz. Collaborators for this meeting include the HIV/AIDS dietetic practice group, American Society for Healthcare Food Service Administrators, Special Supplemental...

Obituaries.(Obituary)
May 1, 2000... Claudia Cope McKown, MS, RD, has passed away. She had been the foodservice director at Springhill Hospital in Mobile, Ala, since the hospital was built. During her career she also worked at Searcy Hospital in Mount Vernon, Ala, Huntsville...

HFM scholarships to 2000 conference.(Healthcare Foodservice Management)
May 1, 2000... The National Society for Healthcare Foodservice Management is offering 25 scholarships for operator members to its 2000 HFM National Training Conference, Sept 12-16 at The Registry Resort, Naples, Fla. The scholarships--funded by contributions...

Produce For Better Health Foundation encouraging 5 A Day consumption.
May 1, 2000... 5 A Day Across the USA--a 14-day, 12-city, 6,100-mile cross-country trip--launches May 18 in Salinas, Calif. The program, cosponsored by the National Cancer Institute, concludes June 2 in Washington, DC.

Fellowships and awards tram Menopause Society.
May 1, 2000... The North American Menopause Society is offering 9 research fellowships and other merit awards and prizes. Two fellowship grants of $20,000 will be presented to qualified residents, fellows, or junior faculty members for clinically relevant...

National Cancer Insititute Fellowship Program.
May 1, 2000... The National Cancer Institute is accepting applications to its Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program. This program trains physicians and postdoctoral scientists in cancer prevention and control. Master of public health training, NCI Summer...

Outbreaks of Norwalk-like viral.
May 1, 2000... Outbreaks of Norwalk-like viral (NLV) gastroenteritis have been reported in Alaska and Wisconsin. In November, after 20% of 500 employees of a company called in sick following a restaurant-catered company luncheon, the Alaska Division of Public...

Resources for ethical dilemmas in dietetics.
May 1, 2000... Members of every profession will, at some point, face an ethical dilemma. Dietetics is no exception. Whether it be in the area of alternative medicine, telemedicine, sale of products, or conflicts of interest, dietitians are faced with ethical...

LETTERS TO THE EDITORS.
May 1, 2000... EFFECT OF ASCORBATE SUPPLEMENTS ON URINARY OXALATE AND RISK OF KIDNEY STONES To the Editors: Some ascorbate (vitamin C) is converted in humans to oxalate [1]. Because oxalate cannot be further metabolized in humans, it is excreted,...

Proposed Dietary Guidelines 2000 generate comments, controversy.
May 1, 2000... ADA offers praise, suggests improvements For the fifth time in 20 years, the nation's preeminent nutrition experts have convened and proposed a series of guidelines that Americans can follow to achieve a sound, healthful diet. And just as...

Dietetics: Legalities, ethics, and eccentricities.
May 1, 2000... The complex legal and ethical issues facing health care professionals today are also affecting dietitians. I hope to convey a sense of the law by picking out an area or 2 that will enlighten you. For instance: * Is a physician who brings...

Improved lactose digestion and intolerance among African-American adolescent girls fed a dairy-rich diet.
May 1, 2000... ABSTRACT Objective To determine whether African-American adolescent girls who were fed a dairy-rich diet for 21 days could adapt to lactose, experiencing an overall improvement in lactose tolerance as well as a decrease in hydrogen gas...

The benefits of drinking milk, even if you are lactose intolerent.(Brief Article)
May 1, 2000... Most people would agree that if you are lactose intolerant, you should not drink regular milk. After reading the preceding article, however, Georgia Clark-Albert, MS, RD, has changed her thinking. Clark-Albert is the director of nutrition...

Use of low-fat foods by people with diabetes decreases fat, saturated fat, and cholesterol intakes.
May 1, 2000... ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the effect of providing free access to several fat-modified foods on dietary energy and macro-nutrient intake in people with and without diabetes mellitus. Design Five low-fat or no-fat products or...

Making fat-modified foods palatable for people with diabetes.(Brief Article)
May 1, 2000... Fat-modified foods are not created equal, says Suzanne Vieira, MS, RD, director of culinary nutrition at Johnson & Wales University, Providence, RI, and chair of the food and culinary dietetic practice group. Nor are they all the best choices...

Diet high in monounsaturated fat does not have a different effect on arterial elasticity than a low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet.
May 1, 2000... SYLVIA POMEROY [1] ABSTRACT Objective To compare the effects of a modified-fat diet high in monounsaturated fat, and a low-fat/high-carbohydrate diet on arterial elasticity. Design Randomized crossover design; each diet period was...

Where can I find information on medical nutrition therapy?(Brief Article)
May 1, 2000... Occassionally the Knowledge Center receives questions regarding guidelines for medical nutrition therapy (MNT) for a particular disease or condition. An introduction to MNT protocols along with 3 protocols appeared in the Journal in 1999: ...

The knowledge, attitudes, and practices of dietitians licensed in Oregon regarding functional foods, nutrient supplements, and herbs as complementary medicine.(Statistical Data Included)
May 1, 2000... YI-KYOUNG LEE [1] ABSTRACT Objective To examine the perceived knowledge and attitudes of dietitians licensed in Oregon (LDs) regarding the effectiveness and safety of functional foods, nutrient supplements, and herbs as complementary...

Nutrient contribution of infant cereals used as fluid thickening agents in diets fed to the elderly.(Statistical Data Included)
May 1, 2000... ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate whether a nutrient-fortified fluid-thickening agent (Pablum, H. J. Heinz Co of Canada, North York, Ontario, Canada) replaces nutrients lost to food displacement associated with its use. Design Seven-day,...

Design, development, and formative evaluation of "Put Nutrition Into Practice," a multimedia nutrition education program for adults.
May 1, 2000... ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to design, develop, and formatively evaluate a computer-based multimedia nutrition education program for adults based on the Dick and Carey model of instructional design. The 4 phases of the study...

Preventing obesity in American Indian children: When to begin.(Statistical Data Included)
May 1, 2000... Pediatric obesity rates in American Indian communities are alarmingly high [1]. The American Indian School Children Height and Weight Survey-- conducted by the Indian Health Service in 1990--showed that of 9,464 children aged 5 to 18 years, 40%...

Behaviors of low-income mothers related to fruit and vegetable consumption [1].(Statistical Data Included)
May 1, 2000... Diets high in fruits and vegetables demonstrate a strong and consistent pattern for decreasing the risk for many cancers and providing benefits against cardiovascular disease, diabetes, stroke, obesity, diverticulosis, and catafacts [1,2]....

Blood glucose laboratory for first-year medical students: An interdisciplinary model for nutrition-focused diabetes management.
May 1, 2000... Reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with diabetes continues to be a challenging problem [1,2]. Education of the individual with diabetes is a large component of that challenge. As 1 of 4 objectives, the National Diabetes Education...

Free galactose content of fresh fruits and strained fruit and vegetable baby foods: More foods to consider for the galactose-restricted diet.
May 1, 2000... Galactosemia is one of a handful of inborn errors of metabolism for which newborns are tested in many states. The disorder results from the defective function of galactokinase, galactose 1-phosphate uridyltransferase, or uridine diphosphate...

Do consumers of savory snacks have poor-quality diets?(Statistical Data Included)
May 1, 2000... In 1997, Americans spent more than $16 billion on the purchase of savory snack foods. These salty snacks include potato, tortilla, and corn chips; crackers; pretzels; and extruded snacks such as cheese curls [1]. Among these snack foods, potato...

Position of the American Dietetic Association: Nutrition, aging, and the continuum of care.
May 1, 2000... ABSTRACT Scientific evidence increasingly supports that good nutrition is essential to the health, self-sufficiency, and quality of life of older adults. With the population of the United States living longer than ever before, the older...

Dietary total and saturated fat and HDL subpopulations.(Statistical Data Included)
May 1, 2000... This study investigated the effect of reductions in total fat and saturated fatty acid (SFA) intakes on high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subpopulations. Reduction in total fat and SFA intakes was associated with a decrease in levels of large...

Sources of dietary saturated fatty acids and risk of CHD in women.(coronary heart disease)
May 1, 2000... A distinction between stearic acid (C18:0) and other saturated fatty acids does not appear to be important in dietary advice to reduce risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), partly because levels of stearic acid and other saturated fatty acids...

Effect of longitudinal changes in body weight on fat-free mass.(Brief Article)
May 1, 2000... Loss of fat-free mass (FFM) is not inevitable during adulthood, at least up to age 81 years. The magnitude and direction of change in FFM are strongly influenced by change in body weight. Whole-body potassium counting was used to estimate FFM...

Omnivorous vs vegetarian diet and resistance training-induced changes in body composition.
May 1, 2000... Older men who ate meat experienced greater gains in fat-free mass and skeletal muscle mass in response to resistance training than those who ate a lacto-ovo-vegetarian (LOV) diet. Nineteen overweight to moderately obese men (aged 51 to 69...

Green tea extract, energy expenditure, and fat oxidation.
May 1, 2000... Green tea has thermogenic properties and promotes fat oxidation; these properties are not explained by its caffeine content alone. Green tea extract may affect body composition via the sympathetic nervous system's activation of thermogenesis,...

Rheumatoid arthritis and dietary olive oil and cooked vegetables.(Brief Article)
May 1, 2000... Intakes of cooked vegetables and olive oil were inversely and independently associated with risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA); mechanisms underlying these associations are uncertain. Patients with RA (n=145) and 188 matched control subjects...

Genetic vs environmental influences on serum lipoproteins.
May 1, 2000... This study suggests that lifestyle factors have little effect on familial aggregation of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. Subjects were 2,284 adults who participated in the...

Use of BMI to assess overweight in individual vs groups of children.(body mass index)(Brief Article)
May 1, 2000... Truly obese children should be accurately identified as early as possible, but it is important not to use criteria that could result in a significant number of healthy children being falsely labeled as overweight or obese. Body mass index (BMI)...

Effect of age-related height loss on BMI.(body mass index)(Brief Article)
May 1, 2000... True height loss during aging must be taken into account when height or indexes based on height (such as body mass index [BMI]) are used in physiologic or clinical studies. Subjects were 2,084 men and women (aged 17 to 94 years) enrolled in the...

BMI and asthma.(body mass index)(Brief Article)
May 1, 2000... Body mass index (BMI) is significantly positively associated with risk of adult-onset asthma. The increasing prevalence of obesity in developed nations may help explain concomitant increases in asthma prevalence. Subjects were 85,911 women...

Macrosomia in infants born to mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus.(Brief Article)
May 1, 2000... Among infants born to mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) who were obese before pregnancy, macrosomia is positively related to maternal weight before pregnancy and maternal blood glucose levels measured during fasting; infants born...

Coffee, caffeine, and blood pressure.
May 1, 2000... Drinking regular coffee may increase blood pressure in some hypertension-prone subjects. The authors searched MEDLINE and Current Contents databases from January 1966 to April 1999 using the text words "coffee or caffeine" and "blood pressure...

Plasma antioxidants and lipid peroxidation in maternal and cord blood.(Brief Article)
May 1, 2000... Increased levels of antioxidants in cord vs maternal plasma may contribute to the high resistance of cord plasma to copper-induced lipid peroxidation. Venous blood samples were collected from 40 healthy pregnant women (aged 16 to 40 years)...

Breast milk vs formula and visual acuity in term infants at age 7 months.(Brief Article)
May 1, 2000... At age 7 months, essential fatty acid (EFA) status, infant diet, or potential confounding variables had no effect on visual acuity. EFA levels in red blood cell and plasma phospholipids were measured in 7-month-old breast-fed infants (n=48) and...

Survival and dependence on parenteral nutrition in short-bowel syndrome.(Brief Article)
May 1, 2000... In adults with short-bowel syndrome (SBS), small-bowel length is inversely related to risk of permanent intestinal failure. Presence of the terminal ileum or colon is associated with increased survival rates and decreased likelihood of...

Overfeeding with a low-protein diet and susceptibility to obesity.(Brief Article)
May 1, 2000... The authors reexamined the classic human overfeeding studies of the 1960s with emphasis on a subgroup of volunteers who were shifted between overfeeding with a typical affluent (normal-protein) diet and overfeeding with a low-protein diet....

Frequency of eating and appetite in obese men.(Brief Article)
May 1, 2000... Obese men ate 27% less energy at an ad libitum test lunch when they ate a preload divided into 5 small meals than when they ate the same preload as a single meal. On 2 occasions, healthy obese men (n=7, mean age 37.4[pm]18.5 years, mean body...

Renal function and protein content of low-fat diets.(Brief Article)
May 1, 2000... Moderate changes in dietary protein intake are associated with changes in renal size and function but without adverse effects. Sixty-five healthy, overweight and obese adults (body mass index = 25 to 34) ate an ad libitum low-fat diet (30% of...

Fasting and serum lipid and lipoprotein levels.(Brief Article)
May 1, 2000... In nonobese subjects, fasting is accompanied by increases in serum total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and apolipoprotein B (apo B) levels and a decrease in serum insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) level. Ten...

Oxidative stress during work at moderate altitude.(Brief Article)
May 1, 2000... Work at high altitude has been associated with oxidative stress. This study examined the effects of work at moderate altitude on indicators of oxidative stress: breath pentane levels, urine 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine level, serum oxygen radical...

Weekly vs daily iron supplements in nonpregnant women.(Brief Article)
May 1, 2000... Weekly iron supplementation for 7 months (30 doses) improved and sustained iron status of young women at least as effectively as and was better tolerated than daily iron supplementation for 3 months (90 doses). Healthy women (n=116, aged 18 to...

Fish intake, exercise training, and lipid peroxidation.(Brief Article)
May 1, 2000... Including fish daily as part of a low-fat diet reduced in vivo lipid peroxidation in subjects with dyslipidemia and type 2 diabetes; exercise had no effect on lipid peroxidation. Forty men and 15 women with dyslipidemia (serum triglyceride...

MSG intake and plasma and erythrocyte levels of glutamate, glutamine, and alanine.(monosodium glutamate)(Brief Article)
May 1, 2000... Intake of monosodium glutamate (MSG) had no effect on circadian variations in plasma levels of glutamate, glutamine, and alanine. On 2 separate days with a 1-week washout period, 10 healthy men ate ordinary Taiwanese meals, first without and...

Alcohol intake and risk of stroke.(Brief Article)
May 1, 2000... Light to moderate alcohol intake reduces the overall risk of stroke and the risk of ischemic stroke in men. The benefit is apparent with as little as 1 drink per week; greater intake, up to 1 drink per day, does not increase the observed...

Serum marker for caffeine intake and risk of spontaneous abortion.(Brief Article)
May 1, 2000... Only extremely high serum levels of paraxanthine (a metabolite of caffeine) are associated with spontaneous abortion. Therefore, moderate caffeine intake is unlikely to increase the risk of miscarriage. Serum paraxanthine levels were measured...

Contamination of enteral and parenteral nutrients with aluminum.(Brief Article)
May 1, 2000... Enteral and parenteral solutions can be contaminated from the natural aluminum content of the nutrients in the formula itself and the amount gained during the manufacturing process. Highly processed enteral nutrients such as soy formula,...

Conference on dysphagia.
May 1, 2000... This supplement contains 13 articles that discuss patient populations at risk for dysphagia; various clinical and instrumental diagnostic procedures; the effects of aging and medications on dysphagia; surgical procedures and other medical...

Weight concerns, weight control behaviors, and smoking initiation.(Brief Article)
May 1, 2000... Among both girls and boys, contemplation of smoking is positively related to weight concerns. Experimentation with cigarettes seems to be positively related to weight control behaviors. Smoking status, weight concerns, and weight control...

Calcium intakes of children and adolescents.(Brief Article)
May 1, 2000... Recent studies and dietary recommendations emphasize the importance of adequate calcium intake in children, especially during the rapid bone growth and mineralization associated with puberty. The National Institutes of Health Consensus...

Feeding newborn infants with a bottle vs a cup.(Brief Article)
May 1, 2000... Administration times, amounts ingested, and physiologic stability of infants do not differ when newborn infants are fed using a bottle vs a cup. Breast-feeding takes longer than cup- or bottle-feeding, but infants experience less physiologic...

Mass media alone can promote dietary change.(Brief Article)
May 1, 2000... A mass media campaign without other interventions was sufficient to encourage a significant proportion of the population in a community to alter a targeted dietary habit. The 1% Or Less campaign, conducted in Wheeling, WVa (population 35,000),...

Composting: Food waste and disposables.(Brief Article)
May 1, 2000... Increasing numbers of foodservice operators are using composting to reduce their fees for landfill use and to enhance their public relations image. All food waste (coffee grounds, fruit and vegetable peelings, and eggshells) and unbleached...

COMMUNITY NUTRITION: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES.(Review)
May 1, 2000... By Jeannette B. Endres, Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall; 1999. Hardcover. Pp 398. Price: $60. ISBN 0-13-509191-8 If you are a nutritionist working in the community, or if you are just beginning your career in nutrition and deciding if...

AMERICAN DIABETES ASSOCIATION GUIDE TO MEDICAL NUTRITION THERAPY FOR DIABETES.(Review)
May 1, 2000... Edited by Marion J Franz, MS; RD, and John P. Battle, MD. Alexandria, Va: American Diabetes Association; 1999. Hardcover. Pp 256. Price: $49.95. This text is well-written and provides a concise and practical look at the management of diabetes....

ERRATA.(February 2000 issue, "Folic acid and Down syndrome")(March 2000 Table of Contents)(Correction Notice)
May 1, 2000... In the February 2000 Beyond the Headlines article, "Folic acid and Down syndrome," the proper amount of folic acid recommended for women of childbearing age should have read 400 [mu]g, not 400 mg. In the March 2000 Table of Contents, the...