Journal of the American Dietetic Association articles from July 2000

Journal of the American Dietetic Association archives from July 2000

Gathering reliable information: Our quest.(Brief Article)
July 1, 2000... Today, unprecedented (yet welcome) public interest in nutrition augurs the need to develop new data gathering methods. In the US, we have a banner national nutrition monitoring system, yet underreporting by our clients of food intake can...

National Nutrition Summit: Collaboration, consensus, action.(Brief Article)
July 1, 2000... The persistent paradox of escalating obesity and chronic hunger in America offers compelling evidence that the nutritional needs of large segments of the US population remain unmet. The federally sponsored National Nutrition Summit, held May...

Dietetics professionals applaud new USDA guidelines.(Brief Article)
July 1, 2000... Dietetics professionals are welcoming recent revisions to the US Department of Agriculture's (USDA) Dietary Guidelines for Americans--calling the guidelines comprehensive and practical tools both for themselves and the public. "This is...

NetWellness: Utilizing a consumer health information Web site to access nutrition professionals.
July 1, 2000... Managed care has resulted in a heightened focus on cost-effective and cost-contained medicine and health and disease prevention. At the same time, many consumers have become disillusioned with traditional health care treatments. As a result,...

High-protein, low-carbohydrate diets: Do they work?
July 1, 2000... Every day the media reminds their viewing and reading public that people in the United States are growing fatter by the hour. And each year in the United States, people spend $33 billion on weight-loss programs, products, and pills (1). It is...

MNT essential to plans for adding prescription drug benefit to Medicare.(medical nutrition therapy)
July 1, 2000... Providing prescription drug coverage for Medicare beneficiaries has emerged as the top policy issue for Congress and the Clinton administration to grapple with this year--eclipsing other high-profile health care issues such as managed-care...

Obituaries.(Brief Article)(Obituary)
July 1, 2000... The Journal has learned of the deaths of the following members of the Association: Denise Hotaling, RD, has passed away. She worked for 19 years as Clinical Dietitian and Food Service Director at United Helpers Management Co in...

CDC.(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)(Brief Article)
July 1, 2000... In a recent issue of Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Ga, released the following information of interest to dietetics professionals. In December 1998 the Chester County...

Breast Cancer, Cognitive Function Soy Safety Issues Examined.
July 1, 2000... Recognition of the potent biological properties of soy and soybean components has recently led to some concerns about possible contraindications to soy consumption. Some have argued that, at the very least, some minor side effects are to be...

Research Continues To Support Soy Use.(Brief Article)
July 1, 2000... For the past 8 years this newsletter has chronicled soy-related research in an attempt to help the dietetic and nutrition communities better understand how soyfoods can contribute to a healthy diet. The Soy Connection discussed the high...

The 2000 Dietary Guidelines for Americans: What are the changes and why were they made?
July 1, 2000... The Dietary Guidelines for Americans form the foundation of US federal nutrition policy. Each federal nutrition program in the United States uses the Dietary Guidelines as one part of the nutrition standard. Therefore, every day the...

Accuracy in dietary assessment: On the road to good science.
July 1, 2000... Over the past few decades, a variety of methods have been developed to obtain dietary intake information (ie, conducting dietary assessment). From the diet history and food-frequency questionnaire to dietary recalls and records of food...

In person vs telephone-administered multiple-pass 24-hour recalls in women: Validation with doubly labeled water.(Polling Data)(Statistical Data Included)
July 1, 2000... ABSTRACT Objective To determine the accuracy of energy intakes estimated with the multiple-pass 24-hour recall method in women by conducting in-person and telephone interviews. Doubly labeled water measurements of total energy...

Obesity prevalence by age group and 5-year changes in adults residing in rural Wisconsin.(Statistical Data Included)
July 1, 2000... ABSTRACT Objective To estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity and weight changes over a 5-year period in a rural adult population by age group. Subjects Residents of Marinette County, Wis: 613 women and 352 men. ...

A new recommendation for maternal weight gain in Chinese women.(Statistical Data Included)
July 1, 2000... ABSTRACT Objective To characterize the distribution of maternal weight gain in Chinese women living in a well-nourished community, to recommend target weight gains from quartile values derived from women with good pregnancy outcomes, and...

Alphabet soup: An acronym primer.(Brief Article)
July 1, 2000... Sometimes, even dietitians can lose track of the alphabet soup of acronyms that permeate the profession and their changing meanings in practice. So what's really the difference between an RDA and a RDI, an EAR and an AI, and what do they mean...

Impact of a camp experience on phenylalanine levels, knowledge, attitudes, and health beliefs relevant to nutrition management of phenylketonuria in adolescent girls.
July 1, 2000... ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of an education intervention in a summer camp setting on knowledge, attitudes, and health beliefs regarding metabolic control of phenylketonuria and dietary compliance. Design An...

Use of a supermarket shell-labeling program to educate a predominately minority community about foods that promote heart health.
July 1, 2000... ABSTRACT Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the awareness and use of a supermarket-shelf labeling program designed to encourage shoppers to make food choices that promote heart health. Design A shelf-labeling program...

Effects of increased consumption of fluid milk on energy and nutrient intake, body weight, and cardiovascular risk factors in healthy older adults.
July 1, 2000... ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the impact of increased consumption of milk, without other dietary advice, on older adults' energy and nutrient intakes, weight, cardiovascular risk factors (blood pressure, plasma lipid levels), and quality...

Applying conversation analysis to foster accurate reporting in the diet history interview.
July 1, 2000... ABSTRACT Inaccuracy in reporting dietary intakes is a major problem in managing diet-related disease. There is no single best method of dietary assessment, but the diet history lends itself well to the clinical setting. In many diet...

Evaluation of WHO and NHANES II standards for overweight using mortality rates.
July 1, 2000... The World Health Organization (WHO) has proposed a classification system to define overweight and obesity using categories of body mass index (BMI) (1). BMI is calculated as weight (kg)/height ([m.sup.2]). In the WHO report overweight was...

Behavioral strategies to increase fruit and vegetable intake by fourth- through sixth-grade students.
July 1, 2000... Eating fewer than the recommended number of daily servings of fruits and vegetables is a risk factor for major diseases (1,2). Studies have shown that US children are not meeting current recommendations for daily intake of fruits and...

Acceptability of oatmeal chocolate chip cookies prepared using pureed white beans as a fat ingredient substitute.
July 1, 2000... The typical American diet continues to be lower in fiber and higher in fat than current nutrition recommendations dictate (1). As consumers have attempted to reduce their fat intakes, the demand for and consumption of reduced-fat foods has...

Dietary patterns among members of the Catawba Indian nation.
July 1, 2000... Diabetes mellitus leads to serious complications and mortality (1). Compared with US whites, African-Americans, Mexican-Americans, Hispanics, and Native Americans are affected disproportionately by diabetes (2). A report from the US Centers...

Nutrition composition of emu compares favorably with that of other lean meats.
July 1, 2000... Emu, a bird native to Australia, is a relatively new edition to the domestic livestock population in the United States. The American Emu Association estimates the current population at about 1 million birds (Carrie Tisdale, personal...

Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations: Friend, not foe.
July 1, 2000... The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) evaluates and accredits over 18,000 organizations and programs; it has been in existence since 1951 as an independent, not-for-profit organization with a mission to...

Exercise vs intake restriction and triglyceride response to a high-fat meal.
July 1, 2000... The effect of exercise on postprandial lipid metabolism appears to be greater than and different from that attributable to the energy deficit incurred. Eleven postmenopausal women participated in an oral fat-tolerance test after undergoing 1...

Differences in energy expenditure and aerobic fitness in black vs white women.
July 1, 2000... Black women had lower aerobic fitness levels than white women, independent of differences in lean-tissue mass or activity-related energy expenditure (AEE). Differences in sleeping EE (SEE), resting EE (REE), and total EE (TEE) were diminished...

Antioxidant status of smokers vs nonsmokers and effects of supplementation.
July 1, 2000... Previous reports of lower plasma levels of vitamin E and carotenoids in smokers vs nonsmokers may have been caused by differences in dietary habits between groups. However, smoking is associated with depleted levels of plasma vitamin C, which...

Parathyroid gland function and bone metabolism in long-term total parenteral nutrition.
July 1, 2000... Parathyroid gland function is abnormal in subjects who receive long-term total parenteral nutrition (TPN); this may contribute to disturbances in bone metabolism. Six patients (mean age=45.5[pm]8.0 years) who had been receiving TPN for a mean...

Lutein, other carotenoids, and colon cancer.
July 1, 2000... Increased dietary intake of foods high in lutein (spinach, broccoli, lettuce, tomatoes, oranges and orange juice, carrots, celery, and greens) may help prevent colon cancer. Adults with newly diagnosed first primary adenocarcinoma of the...

Exposure to fumes from cooking oils and lung cancer.
July 1, 2000... Cigarette smoking cannot fully explain the epidemiologic characteristics of lung cancer in Taiwanese women, who have a relatively high incidence of lung cancer despite a low prevalence of smoking. Subjects were 131 nonsmoking women with newly...

Diet and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.(Brief Article)(Statistical Data Included)
July 1, 2000... The positive association between glutamate intake and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is consistent with the theory that implicates glutamate excitotoxicity in the pathogenesis of ALS; the positive association between fat intake and ALS...

Calcium intake and bone mineral content in young women.(Brief Article)
July 1, 2000... Of 255 women (aged 18 to 30 years) who responded to advertisements distributed at businesses in Memphis, Tenn, and in the University of Memphis Psychology Department, 122 had calcium intakes [leq]700 mg/day (measured using a rapid assessment...

Comprehension of percentage daily value on food labels.(Brief Article)
July 1, 2000... Most adults do not understand the percentage daily value (%DV) on food labels or know how to use this information; most adults are able to use food labels to evaluate the amount of fat in foods; and routine use of food labels is negatively...

Alcohol intake and incidence of type 2 diabetes in men.(Brief Article)
July 1, 2000... Nondrinkers and men with high alcohol intakes had higher risks of developing diabetes than men with moderate alcohol intakes. Subjects were 8,663 men (aged 30 to 79 years at baseline) who completed 2 medical evaluations at the Cooper Clinic...

American Diabetes Association 2000 Clinical Practice Recommendations.(Brief Article)
July 1, 2000... This supplement is a collection of current American Diabetes Association Clinical Practice Recommendations on various aspects of diabetes diagnosis, classification, management, and health care administration. It includes articles on nutrition...

Tea and plasma antioxidant activity.(Brief Article)
July 1, 2000... A single dose of black or green tea induces a significant rise in plasma antioxidant activity; adding milk to tea does not affect this increase. On 6 occasions with at least 2 days between each test, healthy volunteers (aged 18 to 70 years,...

Energy expenditure in blacks vs whites.(Brief Article)
July 1, 2000... Blacks may have lower resting metabolic rates (RMRs), total daily energy expenditures (TDEEs), and physical activity energy expenditures (PAEEs) than whites. If these racial differences are confirmed, interventions designed to decrease energy...

Risk of mortality, body fat, fat-free mass, and body mass index.(Brief Article)(Statistical Data Included)
July 1, 2000... The apparent U-shaped relationship between body mass index (BMI) and total mortality may result from interactions of risks associated with body fat mass and fat-free mass. Men (n=735) born in Gothenburg, Sweden, in 1913 were monitored between...

Use of different methods to determine energy density of the diet.(Brief Article)
July 1, 2000... Using different methods to calculate energy density of the diet influences relationships between energy density and other dietary measures and subject characteristics. Energy density was calculated using 6 methods that excluded different...

Maintenance of weight loss over 15 years.(Brief Article)(Statistical Data Included)
July 1, 2000... Overweight adults rarely maintain long-term weight loss, and predictors of long-term maintenance of weight loss are different for women and men. Subjects who had previously been overweight (body mass index [greater than]27, n=911) were...

Effectiveness of 2 methods of hard boiling eggs to inactivate Salmonella enteritidis.(Brief Article)
July 1, 2000... Two strains of Salmonella enteritidis were inoculated into the yolks of medium and extra-large shell eggs stored at 10[degrees]C and 21[degrees]C; within 30 minutes after inoculation, bacteria survival was monitored during 2 cooking methods:...

Fruit and vegetable intakes and prostate cancer.(Brief Article)(Statistical Data Included)
July 1, 2000... High intake of vegetables, especially cruciferous vegetables, is associated with reduced risk of prostate cancer. Subjects were 628 men (aged [less than]65 years) with newly diagnosed prostate cancer and 602 healthy matched control men living...

Dietary flavonoids and lung cancer.(Brief Article)(Statistical Data Included)
July 1, 2000... Foods rich in flavonoids may protect against certain forms of lung cancer, possibly by inhibiting P450 enzymes, which decreases bioactivation of carcinogens. Smoking history and usual intake of 242 food items were assessed during in-person...

Grape juice and platelet aggregation.(Brief Article)(Statistical Data Included)
July 1, 2000... The flavonoids in grape juice appear to inhibit platelet aggregation and may help decrease the risk of coronary thrombosis and myocardial infarction. Five healthy men and 5 healthy women (aged 26 to 58 years) drank commercial purple grape...

Meal viscosity, gastric response, and satiety.(Brief Article)(Statistical Data Included)
July 1, 2000... The viscosity of a meal in the stomach can be measured noninvasively using echo-planar magnetic resonance imaging (EPI). The stomach rapidly dilutes meals after ingestion; this reduces meal viscosity and causes only a minimal delay in gastric...

Electronic program for calculation of parenteral and enteral nutrition needs.(Brief Article)
July 1, 2000... Several studies have found deleterious effects associated with total parenteral nutrition (TPN), and surveys have shown that between 25% and 50% of US academic medical centers provide excess glucose in TPN formulations. A computer program was...

Prevalence of celiac disease in at-risk children.(Brief Article)
July 1, 2000... Celiac disease is not rare in the United States and may be as common as in Europe. Immunoglobulin G antigliadin (AGA-IgG), AGA-IgA, and antiendomysium (EMA) antibodies are useful markers for identifying patients who should undergo a...

Duration of allergy to cow's milk protein in infants.(Brief Article)
July 1, 2000... Twenty-two infants with allergy to cow's milk proteins who did not tolerate extensively hydrolyzed protein formulas (mean age = 4.6[plus or minus]3.7 months) were fed an amino acid-based diet for a mean 11.8[plus or minus]8.7 months. Infants...

Fluoride in drinking water and hip fracture.(Brief Article)
July 1, 2000... Intake of fluoride in drinking water at concentrations of about I ppm does not appear to be associated with increased risk of hip fracture. Subjects were men and women (aged [greater than or equal to]50 years) living in Cleveland County,...

Vitamin E supplements and cardiovascular events in high-risk patients.(Brief Article)
July 1, 2000... In patients at high risk for cardiovascular events (myocardial infarction, stroke, or death from cardiovascular causes), daily supplementation with vitamin E for a mean 4.5 years had no effect on cardiovascular outcomes. Subjects were 2,545...

Use of gastric residual volumes to determine tube-feeding tolerance.(Brief Article)
July 1, 2000... Different health care facilities and health practitioners specify different gastric residual volumes as indicators of tube-feeding intolerance. Some investigators suggest that one high residual volume should not prompt the clinician to stop...

Benefits and proper application of clinical guidelines for parenteral nutrition.(Brief Article)
July 1, 2000... Nutrition practitioners need to recognize that clinical guidelines for the safe provision of parenteral nutrition (PN) are effective in reducing some but not all sources of potential error. In response to several incidents involving improper...

Impact of treating childhood obesity on parental weight and cardiovascular risk factors.(Brief Article)
July 1, 2000... Treatment of childhood obesity by targeting the parents as the sole agents of change, which has previously been shown to be more effective than a child-oriented program, may have the added benefit of improving the eating and activity patterns...

Development and application of a framework for identifying and prioritizing environmental interventions to reduce obesity.(Brief Article)
July 1, 2000... Environments worldwide are increasingly "obesogenic" (ie, they promote high energy intake and sedentary behaviors). This article describes an analysis grid for environments linked to obesity (ANGELO), a conceptual framework for understanding...

Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease.(Brief Article)
July 1, 2000... This supplement includes articles that summarize the coronary disease process and the potential for its prevention; socloenvironmental, psychological, social, socioeconomic, dietary, genetic, mass media, and secular influences on development...

METHODS FOR INVESTIGATION OF AMINO ACIDS AND PROTEIN METABOLISM.(Review)
July 1, 2000... Edited by Antoine E. EI-Khomry, MD. Boca Raton, Fla: CRC Press; 1999. Hardcover. Pp 259. Price: $99.95. ISBN 0-8492-9612-3 This book is intended as a resource for investigative researchers and graduate students in nutrition to help design...

NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY.(Review)
July 1, 2000... 2nd ed. By Tom Brody. San Diego, Cal: Academic Press; 1999. Hardcover. Pp 1,006. Price: $79.95. ISBN 0-1212-4836-9 The new edition of this textbook--first published in 1994--includes added discussions of some current topics of interest,...

NUTRITION: CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY.(Review)
July 1, 2000... 2nd ed. By Julian F. Spallholz, PhD, L. Mallory Boylan, PhD, RD, and Judy A. Driskell, PhD, RD. Boca Raton, Fla: CRC Press; 1999. Hardcover. Pp 345. Price: $59.95. ISBN 0-8493-8504-0 This book is composed of 17 chapters that are...

Guide for body acceptance.(Review)
July 1, 2000... In Body Wars: Making Peace with Women's Bodies (Carlsbad, Calif: G[ddot{u}]rze Books; 2000. Softcover. Pp 307. Price: $14.95. ISBN 0-936077-34-4), Margo Maine, PhD, focuses each chapter on a particular "war." The struggles include dieting...

Education manuals.(Review)
July 1, 2000... The Dietitian's Patient Education Manual, Volumes 1 and 2 (Gaithersburg, Md: Aspen Publishers; 1999. Looseleaf binder. Price: $299. ISBN 0-8342-0196-8) has been updated to include patient handouts and instructional materials that address new...

National Academies reports.(Brief Article)
July 1, 2000... The Food and Nutrition Board of the Institute of Medicine, National Academies, has published 2 reports from the Committee on Military Nutrition Research. The Role of Protein and Amino Acids in Sustaining and Enhancing Performance discusses...

Minerals textbook.(Review)
July 1, 2000... This book, developed for classroom use, examines the physiological and biochemical functions of mineral nutrition and metabolism in human and animal subjects. Minerals: Nutrition and Metabolism (New York, NY: Vantage Press; 1999. Softcover....

Foodborne illness booklet.(Review)
July 1, 2000... Eating Safely: Avoiding Foodborne Illness provides consumers with information about disease agents that can get into various foods and gives tips toward safe handling and consumption. This 48-page booklet--published by the American Council on...

Foodservice textbook.(Review)
July 1, 2000... Foodservice Management Study Course (3rd ed. Ames, Iowa: Iowa State University Press; 1999. Softcover. Pp 250. Price: $32.95. ISBN 0-8138-2392-7), edited by Shirley Gilmore, PhD, RD, provides information about staff management in the...

ERRATA.(June 2000 issue, p. 722)(Brief Article)
July 1, 2000... In the June 2000 article, "Commencing our new strategic plan: Presenting ADA's 2000-2001 Board of Directors," Barbara J. Ivens' ADA commission affiliation was incorrectly listed (p 722). Her ADA affiliation should read: Barbara J. Ivens, MS,...