Bulletin of the South Carolina Academy of Science articles from January 1 2005

Bulletin of the South Carolina Academy of Science archives from January 1 2005

SCAS president encourages membership.(South Carolina Academy of Science)(Letter to the editor)
January 1, 2005... It is with great pleasure and anticipation that I look forward to serving you as president of The South Carolina Academy of Science (SCAS). On behalf of the Academy of Science I am writing to express to you our deepest appreciation for your...

South Carolina Academy of Science Teachers of the Year.(awards)(Awards list)
January 1, 2005... SOUTH CAROLINA ACADEMY OF SCIENCE TEACHERS OF THE YEAR John D. Bernard, 1970 Lower Richard High School Major C. Rhodes, 1972 Spartanburg High School Troy Bridges, 1972 ...

Randolph M. Brooks Dreher High School, Columbia, SC.(2004 Award For Excellence in Secondary School Science)(South Carolina)(Letter to the editor)
January 1, 2005... South Carolina Academy of Science The 2004 South Carolina Academy of Science Teacher of the Year, Randy joins 33 other teachers from South Carolina since 1972 as the official SCAS South Carolina Teacher of the year. Randy has been noted...

The Governor's Awards for Excellence in Science.
January 1, 2005... An award was established in 1985 by the Drug Science Foundation to honor specifically an individual or team within the state whose achievements and contributions to science in South Carolina merit special recognition, to promote wider awareness...

Governor's award recipients.
January 1, 2005... The South Carolina Academy of Science gratefully recognizes the contribution of Roche Carolina, MeadWestvaco, Michelin North America, and Winthrop University for their support of the Governor's Award for Excellence in Science 1985-1988 Drug...

Proclamation 2004 Governor's Award for Excellence in Scientific Research.
January 1, 2005... The 2004 Governor's Award for Excellence in Scientific Research goes to Carolina Distinguished Professor John W. Baynes, of the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina. Dr. Baynes received his Ph.D. in...

Proclamation 2004 Governor's Award for Excellence in Science Awareness.
January 1, 2005... The 2004 Governor's Award for Science Awareness is awarded to Dr. David J. Stroup, Professor of Biology at Francis Marion University. Dr. Stroup obtained his B.S degree in Biology in 1972 at the University of Akron, Akron, Ohio, and his...

Meeting schedule.(Calendar)
January 1, 2005... SCHEDULE, SEVENTY-EIGHTH ANNUAL MEETING SOUTH CAROLINA ACADEMY OF SCIENCE MARCH 15TH AND 16TH, 2005 WINTHROP UNIVERSITY, ROCK HILL, SOUTH CAROLINA Tuesday, March 15 6:00 PM - 8:00 PM SCAS Council Meeting and Baruch Room ...

Topical sessions.(Calendar)
January 1, 2005... FIELD BIOLOGY ROOM: 105 SIMS BUILDING PRESIDING: JANICE CHISM, WINTHROP UNIVERSITY 8:30-8:45 AM A HERPETOLOGICAL SURVEY OF THE YAWKEY WILDLIFE CENTER, James Dillman and Tim Mousseau, University ...

Biological control of Adelges tsugae (HWA) with Sasajiscymnus tsugae (Ladybird Beetle).(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)(Brief article)
January 1, 2005... The primary threat to the health and sustainability of the eastern hemlock forest is the Hemlock Woolly Adelgid (HWA). A biological control agent, Sasajiscymnus tsugae, has been mass reared to help control HWA. Two release sites of S. tsugae...

Measuring solar signal in a radio telescope.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)(Brief article)
January 1, 2005... This project explores the radio spectrum spread emitted by the solar activity of the sun. The plan is to use radio equipment capable of receiving the broadcast frequencies between 1410 MHz and 1430 MHZ. This range is in the C-band television...

Production of glycosidases and 1,4-[beta]-endoglucanase by pythium irregulare grown by flax shive fermentation.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... Pythium irregulare is an oleaginous fungus that is capable of producing essential fatty acids (EFAs) when grown on a waste product of flax shives. EFAs are important to the human body because they confer cardioprotective effects--reducing...

Temporal and spatial localization of mitochondrial DNA in the Blue Mussel Mytilus edulls embryo using fluorescence in situ hybridization techniques.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... The Blue Mussel, Mytilus edulls, exhibits the unique property of Mitochondrial Double Uniparental Inheritance. Males display both male and female mitochondrial haplotypes in somatic cells; while females coincide with that of most organisms by...

Testing stiffness and yield strength of clavicular fracture fixation devices.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)(Brief article)
January 1, 2005... The purpose of this project was to determine the stiffness and yield strength of five bone plates, devices used in surgery to heal fractured clavicles. Six samples of five devices (2.7 DC, 3.5 DC, 3.5 LDC, 3.5 Recon, and 3.5 CRecon) were tested...

The effects of various inhibitors on vascular endothelial growth factor and peroxynitrite in retina endothelial cells.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... Diabetes causes many problems in human beings every year. Retinopathy, diseases of the retina, is often caused by diabetes, or more specifically caused by angiogenesis in the retina. Angiogenesis is the process of making new blood vessels. When...

Energy output from an underwater windmill as a function of the number of propellers present.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)(Brief article)
January 1, 2005... The purpose of the experiment was to test the effect of the number of propellers on the output voltage of an underwater windmill-type device when it is placed in a simulated ocean current environment. Various numbers of propellers were used to...

Miniaturized fractal embedded antennas for wireless handheld device application.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... A Co-Planar Waveguide (CPW) fed miniaturized fractal antenna is proposed for possible application in the Bluetooth or IEEE 802.11b WLAN frequency bands. The antenna can be embedded easily within the portable device housing of a mobile personal...

Toxicity, microbial contamination, and anti-tumor activities of alnus rubra (red alder), a medicinal plant.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... Red alder is a medicinal plant that has been used almost as a cure-all by Native American tribes of the Pacific Coast. The objective of this research is to determine the toxicity, microbial contamination, antibacterial and anti-tumor...

The efficacy of hand washing and sanitizers on microbial contamination.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... The objectives of this project were to evaluate the effects of different cleaning techniques used during food preparation. With the main emphasis on the workers' hands, we tested several different hand washing techniques on bare hands and...

A statistical study of the factors that increase the risk of the development of leg complications related to chronic venous insufficiency.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... Chronic venous insufficiency is a complex vascular disease that deals with venous circulation in the lower legs. The primary focus of this study was to find a way to diagnose ulcer development before its formation, and to find which aspect of a...

The correlation between foreign language aptitude and grade point average.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)(Brief article)
January 1, 2005... The purpose of this experiment was to study any correlation between language aptitude and grade point average. To determine language aptitude, the Pimsleur Language Aptitude Battery (PLAB) was administered a group of 42 students. The subjects'...

Expression of extracellular matrix receptors in 3-dimensional collagen gels.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... Interactions between cells and their extracellular matrix (ECM) environment are important in regulating numerous cellular functions. Within the heart, fibroblasts secrete most of the extracellular matrix proteins, particularly collagen, and...

Inductive and supressive regulation of TNF production in mouse macrophages with anthrax toxins.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... Anthrax is a potent and often fatal endosporic bacterial infection, making it an ideal biological weapon. Upon entering the body, spores germinate within macrophages and the live bacteria produce multiple toxins. One of these is lethal toxin...

In situ hybridization of the alkaline phosphatase gene of the echinoderm Strongelocentrotus purpuratus.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... Echinoderms, animals like sea urchins and starfish, carry a distinct gene known to scientists as the alkaline phosphatase gene that is believed to be responsible for developing a pre-skeletal system within the echinoderm, of which is later on...

Engineering solutions for supersonic air travel.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... A quarter-scale retractable carbon-fiber beam created by Gulfstream was designed to extend the length of an aircraft. This would push the shock wave created by traveling at supersonic speeds beyond the front of the aircraft. The primary...

Parallel rendering and visualization of CAEFF process models.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)(Center for Advanced Engineering Fibers and Films)(Brief article)
January 1, 2005... The goal for the project is the creation of a graphical framework for the Center for Advanced Engineering Fibers and Films (CAEFF) Integrated Model using the Keck visualization cluster's display wall. This framework will facilitate development...

GPU programmable simulation of arbitrary visual fields.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)(Brief article)
January 1, 2005... In an effort to improve upon previous studies in the field of eye-tracking and interactive Gaze-Contingent Displays (GCDs), this research project tested the ability to run real-time GCDs that respond to the user's eye movements and degrade the...

The effects of fetal bovine serum on axonal growth.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)(Brief article)
January 1, 2005... The research consisted of analyzing the effects of fetal bovine serum on the average cell diameter, protrusion count, and length of protrusions of central nervous system neurons harvested from the frontal brain lobes of chicken embryos ranging...

Preparation of calcium sulfate-based orthopedic cements with calcium phosphate additives.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)(Brief article)
January 1, 2005... Calcium sulfate hemihydrate (CSH, CaSO4 x 1/2 H2O) powders are currently being produced as a bone substitute, and many corporations such as Smith & Nephew and Wright Medical Technology are marketing self-setting, orthopedic cements based on...

The more energy efficient fuel: e85 ethanol or gasoline, in a small internal-combustion engine.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... Increasingly, media attention is being given to the use of gasoline alternatives and gasoline-ethanol mixtures in the use of automobiles. However, the use of ethanol-gasoline mixtures for operating small engines (such as lawn mowers, leaf...

Comparison study of the sun at various frequencies.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)(Brief article)
January 1, 2005... Four different radio telescopes and two x-ray telescopes were used to collect solar data. The data was analyzed by comparisons of a series of graphs from each telescope. The main objective was to compare the data from the four different...

Ascorbic acid biosynthesis and metabolism in hyperthyroid broiler chickens.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... Hyperthyroidism, or an abnormally high metabolism, is a major problem in the poultry industry. Due to a variety of genetic and management (i.e. temperature, overcrowding, etc.) related issues are thought to be responsible for the high incidence...

Response of Castanea dentata to drought stress.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)(Brief article)
January 1, 2005... Castanea dentata (American chestnut) was exposed to water deficits by allowing the substrate to dry via evapotranspiration. Trees were measured for gas exchange, amount of chlorophyll in a leaf, and growth characteristics. Substrate volumetric...

Biochemical and hormonal response to stress induced by synthetic acth and regulation by ascorbic acid in broiler chickens.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... This study was implemented in an effort to determine whether mild physiological stress can be induced using Synacthen depot, to evaluate biochemical and hormonal responses, and to determine whether ascorbic acid is capable of alleviating...

The analysis of Propionibacterium jensenii b1264 variants for increased production of the anti-acne bacteriocin jenseniin P.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... Jenseniin P is a bacteriocin that has been shown to kill the various cutaneous propionibacteria responsible for acne vulgaris, a skin condition that infects the sebaceous glands and hair follicles of the face, neck, back and chest of millions...

The effects of different concentrations of Hoagland's Nutrient media on Gossypium Hirsutum.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)(Brief article)
January 1, 2005... The purpose of this experiment was to test the null hypothesis that there would be no difference between the growth rates of cotton treated with different concentrations of Hoagland's nutrient media. The plants were watered every other day, and...

The impact of weekly almond consumption on blood sugar.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... In the United States, there are over 14 million people with diabetes. It is commonly known that foods can have a substantial effect on blood sugar. The purpose of this experiment was to test the ability of weekly consumption of almonds to lower...

The effect of appearance and aroma on the palatability of cookies.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... Flavor, the taste that lures the human senses to indulge their taste buds. Two aspects that contribute to creating flavor are appearance and aroma. The purpose of this experiment was to determine whether appearance (color) and aroma are...

Produced accuracy of paintballs in relation to barrel porting patterns.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)(Brief article)
January 1, 2005... Paintball is a rapidly growing sport that began in the 1980's. Many popular myths surrounding the accuracy and precision of paintball barrels can be found on internet paintball sites. However, few scientific experiments have actually been...

Progress toward the synthesis of Bis--urea macrocycles.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... Organic nanotubes mimic the basic structure of biological tubules found throughout biological life systems such as the extracellular matrix and cellular ion transport channels. The intricate composition of biological tubules is simplified in...

A monitoring platform for induction motor diagnostic.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)(Brief article)
January 1, 2005... There is currently research in progress at the University of South Carolina to develop advanced algorithms to monitor the health of an induction motor. The goal of this research is to implement a new diagnostic tool that may help detect a...

Two block size PBDs with a maximum number of triples.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)(Brief article)
January 1, 2005... A solution of the covering problem of pairs with triples can be obtained by constructing a PBD(v, {3, 2}, 1) with a maximum number of triples. In this note, we will find the necessary and sufficient conditions to construct a PBD(v, {3, k}, 1)...

The effect of epidermal pigmentation on the reflectance signal of a multilayered tissue phantom.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... Photosensitizers have been employed in conjunction with visible light for the treatment of cancer. Prior to the treatment of patients, doctors can use fiber optic systems to measure a reflectance spectrum to determine the amount of...

Changes in polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) concentrations in surface sediments in Lake Hartwell, South Carolina.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)(Brief article)
January 1, 2005... Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were once produced by the Sangamo Weston Plant located on Twelve Mile Creek, which feeds into Lake Hartwell. Their production was discontinued in 1978. Samples were taken form the surface sediments in Lake...

Effect of mechanical stretch on cardiac fibroblast proliferation.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)(Brief article)
January 1, 2005... Ventricular hypertrophy is a process involving cardiac myocyte hypertrophy and cardiac fibroblast proliferation that results in a structural rearrangement of ventricular chamber and wall components. The principle of mechanotransduction suggests...

Synthesis and characterization of titanium-zirconium mixed oxides for use as porous supports for hydrogen storage materials.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)(Brief article)
January 1, 2005... Diverse mixed-oxides containing Zirconium (Zr) and Titanium (Ti) were prepared using the sol gel method. Due to their high surface area, large porosity and likely catalytic activity, mixed-oxides of these and other metallic species are...

Nutraceutical intervention of the NF(kappa)B pathway to reduce adverse effects of inflammation.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... This research project investigates the effect of nutraceuticals on the production of cytokines. Nutraceuticals are naturally occurring compounds that have health-promoting properties. Cytokines are chemicals released during inflammation that...

Do female striped ground crickets exhibit mate choice in the laboratory?(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... Sexual selection is a process in which differences in reproductive success are explained by females picking males based on specific traits. Such traits within species include color, size, and vocalization in males in order to attract females....

Cotton trash density using a density gradient column.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)(Brief article)
January 1, 2005... This project tests the hypothesis that the ginning process of cotton produces trash as a function of the density. A density gradient column was utilized to measure the densities of the different types of cotton trash. With this gradient, the...

Analysis of Atlantic white shrimp in the Charleston area for white spot syndrome virus using Shrimple[R] and real-time PCR.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... Since its first appearance in shrimp culture facilities in Taiwan in the early 1990s, white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) has spread around the globe. It was seen in the wild and observed in South Carolina in 1997. WSSV is highly virulent and...

Development of a Hall-sensor based magnetometer.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... The goal of this project was the design and construction of a device that would use a Hall sensor and the Meisner Effect to measure the effectiveness of a material as a superconductor. To understand the Meisner Effect, it is best to imagine a...

The non-covalent immobilization of glucose oxidase through random molecular imprinting onto poly (glycidyl methacrylate).(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)(Brief article)
January 1, 2005... The objective of this project was to immobilize glucose oxidase (GOx) through a novel approach in molecular imprinting in order to not only retain but also increase enzyme stability and efficiency. What sets this methodology apart from other...

A survey of Blackberry production in upstate South Carolina for the presence of Blackberry Yellow Vein associated Virus.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... A new Crinivirus, Blackberry Yellow Vein associated Virus (BYVaV), has been reported from blackberry cultivars (Genus Rubus) growing in the southern and southeastern USA. This survey aimed to ascertain the occurrence of BYVaV in various...

Preliminary petrographic analysis of quaternary organic sediments from Congaree National Park, South Carolina.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... A core sample was taken through organic sediments from the edge of the Congaree river floodplain. Previous radiocarbon tests suggest that these sediments date to the late Pleistocene. Oriented microtome sections were prepared by placing two...

Preliminary petrographic analysis of quaternary organic sediments from Congaree National Park, South Carolina.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... A core sample was taken through organic sediments from the edge of the Congaree river floodplain. Previous radiocarbon tests suggest that these sediments date to the late Pleistocene. Oriented microtome sections were prepared by placing two...

Determining the susceptibility and resistance changes of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus using trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, clindamycin, and erythromycin.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... The bacteria Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus (MRSA) was tested for resistance and susceptibility against three antibiotics: clindamycin, erythromycin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. The point of this experiment was to observe the...

The effect of the relative birth date in school year on occurrence of ADHD and ADD.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and attention deficit disorder (ADD) are psychiatric disorders that effect many people throughout the world. They are known to detrimentally affect a persons learning ability. The purpose of this...

Seasonal effects on fish populations and distribution in a Coastal South Carolina River.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)(Brief article)
January 1, 2005... South Carolina generally experiences very hot summers and moderate to cold winters. Along with the temperature variations, other factors are affected through seasonal changes. In the coastal region of South Carolina, summers are known for...

Normalization of spot weld fatigue life.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... Using open literature and in-house fatigue test data, the fatigue life curves of resistance spot-welds for several steels in the lap-shear geometry were compared and normalized. Lap-shear samples of different grades of steels ranging from 0.80...

The involvement of ZAT7 and ZAT8 in salt stress responses in Arabidopsis thaliana.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... Plants frequently encounter abiotic stresses (salinity, heavy metals, oxidative stress, etc.) that inhibit their potential for growth, development, and/or productivity. With the human population increasing, agriculture must constantly meet high...

Trypsin expression and localization in embryonic avian spinal cord and hindlimb muscle.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... Trypsin, a serine protease normally found in the fibrinolytic, digestive, and circulatory systems has also been found to play a role in the degradation and sculpting of extracellular matrix. Previous studies have also suggested that it may be...

The effects of prior exposure and varying species on transformation rates of Utterbackia imbecillis.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)(Brief article)
January 1, 2005... Mussels are a highly endangered group of animals because they are very sensitive to any change in their environment. If mussels begin dying in a river and conditions continue to deteriorate, other aquatic animals will also die. It is important...

The effect of wasabi on staphylococcus aureus.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... Natural products have long been investigated as alternatives to conventional antibiotics. Many plants and roots have been shown to inhibit the growth of bacteria and viruses under laboratory conditions. The purpose of this experiment was to...

The spatial ecology of the red-bellied water snake.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)(Brief article)
January 1, 2005... Nerodia erythrogaster, the red-bellied water snake, is a water snake that is commonly found hundreds of meters from a source of water. This project was designed to determine more information about the average rate of movement, average distance...

A lowcountry light pollution assessment conducted by public volunteers.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)(Brief article)
January 1, 2005... The aim of this project was to assess the extent of light pollution in Charleston, Berkeley, and Dorchester counties, South Carolina. Volunteers were recruited to observe 2 constellations on clear nights during moonless periods from Sept. 6-17...

Interactions among genes affecting floral organ growth in Arabidopsis thaliana.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... Arabidopsis thaliana is a model system for the study of plant development. Its small genome, rapid life cycle, small size, and large number of mutants and genomic resources make it an ideal angiosperm for plant research. The Arabidopsis flower...

Effects of the extracellular matrix on the response of heart fibroblasts to insulin-like growth factor-1.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... The extracellular matrix (ECM) of the vertebrate heart forms a network that plays an essential role in heart function. Changes or alteration of the organization of the various components of the ECM have been correlated with heart diseases as...

Directed target ablation for beamed energy propulsion.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)(Brief article)
January 1, 2005... As a continuation of research completed in the school year of 2002-2003, this project has three objectives. All three parts are designed to make Beamed Energy Propulsion (BEP) more efficient. The main portion of testing determined whether...

Pain and overuse injuries to the upper extremity in the adolescent female windmill fastpitch softball player.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... Overuse injury in fastpitch softball pitchers has become increasingly prevalent in recent years. Although numerous studies on overuse injuries have been performed on baseball pitchers, youth through adult, there is little medical information...

The effects of concentrations of nerve growth factor on axonal regeneration.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)(Brief article)
January 1, 2005... The neurons of the central nervous system are incapable of nerve regeneration for unknown reasons. Nerve growth factor (NGF), a neurotrophic factor, has been proven experimentally to stimulate regulated growth in sympathetic neurons and to...

Mechatronics and coding.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... My project this summer deals with Motorola's line of MC68HC11 microcontrollers. A microcontroller can be broadly described as a single-chip computer. They are small and complete with their own Central Processing Unit, memory storage, and I/O...

Extent of neuronal damage to rat hippocampus after pre- and postnatal alcohol exposure.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), resulting from alcohol exposure to the human fetus, is characterized by both behavioral and neuroanatomical deficits. Some behavioral deficits include problems in memory and spatial learning which have been...

Localizations of stem cells and HuR in min mouse small intestine.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in men and women, causing up to 10% of all cancer deaths. While humans generally get cancer in the colon and not in the small intestine, the model used in this study, a min mouse, rarely gets...

Colony forming unit reduction mediated by Mannose-biofuntionalized Nanoparticles.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... Previous studies have shown that Escherichia coli ORN178 has mannose binding sites on its surface, which causes it to bind to D-Mannose-biofunctionalized Nanoparticles and induce aggregation of bacteria. The purpose of this research project was...

The effect of tea antioxidants on the light emissions of luminol and hydrogen peroxide solutions.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... The human body has naturally occurring ions which appropriate electrons from other atoms. These ions are most commonly referred to as free radicals. The removal electrons from atoms results in oxidative damage, more specifically molecular...

Synthesis of orthopedic cement by the addition of anhydrous calcium hydrogen phosphate to calcium sulfate hemihydrate.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)(Brief article)
January 1, 2005... Commercially available calcium sulfate hemihydrate (CSH) powders were mixed with anhydrous calcium hydrogen phosphate (monetite) in order to develop a novel resorbable orthopedic cement. The setting solution, distilled water, converted the CSH...

Extraction and identification of glucosinolates from Brassicaceae cover crops used in a bell pepper producion system.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... Glucosinolates (mustard oils) from Brassicaceae plants were to be examined for their weed suppression capabilities when used as cover crops in a bell pepper production system. Bell peppers were rated for tolerance to various Brassicaceae cover...

Time-temperature profiles of home-delivered meals.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)(Brief article)
January 1, 2005... Time-temperature profiles of home-delivered meals from meal delivery services (such as Meals on Wheels) were studied so a better understanding of bacteria-related foodbourne illness could be obtained. Since Meals on Wheels is volunteer-staffed...

Studying sediment cores in search for evidence of hurricanes (paleotempestology) at Moccasin pond, Bull's Island S.C.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... A 300-year historical record of intense hurricane landfalls in S.C. has been created and will be used to compare the results from this first paleotempestological research done in S.C. at Moccasin pond on Bull's island. This research began in...

Immunity and bacterial endotoxin: adenosine and LPS effects on FCaRI, TLR2, and TLR4 in human macrophages.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... The cell surface receptors of macrophages such as the TLR2 (toll-like receptor), TLR4, and FcaRI are important in innate immunity response, which includes inflammation and cytokine release in response to stimuli. I tested the effects of...

Effect of the amount of wax present on floss on the amount of bacteria extracted from teeth.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)(Brief article)
January 1, 2005... There is one question that many people, including some dentists still do not know the answer to: "Do different types of floss work better than others?". "According to some scientists, regardless of what type of dental floss a person uses, the...

Does the price of a golfball correlate with the coefficient of restitution?(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... Golf is a multi-billion dollar per year sport in the U.S. Amateur golfers spend enormous sums of money on clubs and balls that they feel will deliver the longest drive distances. However, the quality and efficacy of golf equipment varies...

"Toxicity, contamination, and tumorigenic response of commercial goldenseal (Hydrastis Canadensis), a popular medicinal herb.".(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... Hydrastis Canadensis, or Goldenseal, is a Native American plant that has many medicinal uses. Harvesting of this plant has increased greatly in the past several years, leading to shortages and price increases. The objective of this research was...

Alternative anthelmintics for organic dairy cattle.(SOUTH CAROLINA JUNIOR ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ABSTRACTS)
January 1, 2005... Cattle and dairy farmers use dewormers, or anthelmintic treatments, to deal with the continuous problem of internal parasites. Because of the government regulations on organic foods, however, the use of chemical anthelmintics on a routine basis...