Canadian Journal of History articles from April 1996

Canadian Journal of History archives from April 1996

Price-setting in English Borough Markets, 1349-1500.(Special Issue: Essays on Medieval Economy in Memory of David Farmer)
April 1, 1996... One of the most predictable features of urban life, at almost any time or place, is some form of regular market.(1) A recent study of markets and fairs in Roman Italy stresses their importance as a normal feature of Roman towns, and surmises...

Market towns and the countryside in late Medieval England.(Special Issue: Essays on Medieval Economy in Memory of David Farmer)
April 1, 1996... David Farmer made his name as a historian of the most austere of subjects -- prices, wages, grain yields -- and his fellow workers will remain in his debt for many decades because of the thoroughness and accuracy with which he collected and...

The mobilization of labour in the milling industry of thirteenth- and early fourteenth century England.(Special Issue: Essays on Medieval Economy in Memory of David Farmer)
April 1, 1996... THE MOBILIZATION OF LABOUR IN THE MILLING INDUSTRY OF THIRTEENTH-AND EARLY FOURTEENTH-CENTURY ENGLAND The relationship between land and labour in medieval England has traditionally been set in terms of priorities. In a...

The rise and fall of markets in southeast England.(Special Issue: Essays on Medieval Economy in Memory of David Farmer)
April 1, 1996... Cet article analyse l'essor et la chute des marche's dans le sud-est de l'Angleterre, plus particulierement dans les comtes de Kent, Surrey et Sussex. Un bon nombre de marches qui avaient obtenu leur license ne semblent pas avoir pris...

A bibliography of the publications of David L. Farmer.(Special Issue: Essays on Medieval Economy in Memory of David Farmer)
April 1, 1996... Books Britain and the Stuarts (London, G. Bell & Sons, 1965), pp. xii. 436. Chapters in Collaborative Volumes "Prices and Wages," in The Agrarian History of England and Wales, Volume II, 1042-1350, ed. H.E. Hallam (Cambridge:...

The Humanity of Thucydides.
April 1, 1996... Clifford Orwin, Professor of Political Science at the University of Toronto and author of a series of articles on Thucydides, now offers a challenging study of the issues of justice, piety, and necessity in the thought of Thucydides. Orwin's...

The Perfection of Solitude: Hermits and Monks in the Crusader States.
April 1, 1996... In this intriguing and original work, Andrew Jotischky seeks out the motives which impelled the faithful of western Europe to dedicate themselves to the religious life in the Holy Land, and he examines the nature of their existence there. In...

The Criminal Law System of Medieval and Renaissance Florence.
April 1, 1996... Voici un ouvrage fort copieux et complexe de Laura Ikins Stern sur la formation de l'Etat territorial florentin au tournant du XVe siecle, vu a travers les institutions judiciaires. Peu d'etudes jusqu'ici ont investi autant d'effort dans...

The Early Modern City: 1450-1750.
April 1, 1996... This new synthesis, aimed at students and issued simultaneously in paperback as part of a new Longman series, A History of Urban Society in Europe, is a stunning success. Its focus is on life in European cities, not on urbanization, city...

Scenarios of Power: Myth and Ceremony in Russian Monarchy, vol. 1.
April 1, 1996... By "scenarios of power," Richard Wortman has in mind the elaborate ceremonies by which the Russian monarchy conveyed to the world its might. Political theatre occurred elsewhere to support official myths, of course, but Wortman shows that the...

Popular Culture, Crime and Social Control in 18th-Century Wurttemberg.
April 1, 1996... The author (and publisher) must be commended for bringing so much information on early modern Swabian folk practices to the attention of English readerships: Wegert certainly has surveyed an impressive volume of ethnographic literature. This...

Revolt in Prerevolutionary France: The Prince de Conti's Conspiracy against Louis XV, 1755-1757.
April 1, 1996... In the penultimate year of his long reign, Louis XIV forced the parlement of Paris to register the papal bull Unigenitus, which was intended to complete the suppression of Jansenism throughout Europe. Just months before his death, he declared...

The Chief Governors: The Rise and Fall of Reform Government in Tudor Ireland, 1536-1588.
April 1, 1996... Ireland's sixteenth-century history has become the arena for a clash of interpretations and Ciaran Brady's The Chief Governors has added a formidable new gladiator to the fray. What has become the orthodox interpretation of Tudor...

Ireland from Independence to Occupation: 1641-1660.
April 1, 1996... As the fly-leaf and several of the contributors to this volume of essays observe, the Irish rebellion of 1641 and its aftermath have been crucial to the shaping of Irish history and, Indeed, to the way in which Anglo-Irish relations have...

Constitutional Royalism and the Search for Settlement: 1640-1649.
April 1, 1996... From his debtor's cell in the Fleet, James Howell, erstwhile clerk of the council in waiting and impecunious royalist, inveighed in the late 1640s against those parties who had stirred up the "fiery clashings" of England's civil war. The...

The French Idea of Freedom: The Old Regime and the Declaration of Rights of 1789.
April 1, 1996... There is irony in the title of this volume on "the French idea of freedom." The deputies of the French National Assembly who debated and approved "The Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen" in 1789 self-consciously envisioned...

Il progetto politico de Mazzini (Italia-Europa).
April 1, 1996... Salvo Mastellone ends his book with a comparison between the steadfast Mazzini, ever faithful to his "project," and the "professional politicians" of twentieth-century Italy whose main calling, apparently, has been to respond to the...

Peasant and French: Cultural Contact in Rural France During the Nineteenth Century.
April 1, 1996... James Lehning, previously known for his demographic and quantitative approach to the study of peasants, has taken a linguistic and anthropological turn in Peasant and French. He begins by criticizing the "metanarrative" of rural French history...

The Triumph of Corporate Capitalism in France: 1867-1914.
April 1, 1996... Academics and English readers interested in contemporary France will welcome a brief, widely researched and cogently argued account of the law and practice which accompanied the emergence of the dominant form of modem business corporation, the...

German Nationalism and Religious Conflict: Culture, Ideology, Politics, 1870-1914.
April 1, 1996... In this very important book, Helmut Walser Smith offers a richly detailed and theoretically informed study of the relationship between religion and the formation of national identity in imperial Germany. In particular, Smith explores the role...

The Rusyns of Slovakia: An Historical Survey.
April 1, 1996... On 27 January 1995 the Rusyn Renaissance Society representatives issued a formal declaration and, with the following words, proclaimed the codification of the Rusyn language in Slovakia: "We solemnly declare that from this day forward our...

In the Soviet House of Culture: A Century of Perestroikas.
April 1, 1996... This book traces the cultural history of the indigenous Nivkhi (called the Giliaks in the nineteenth century) of Sakhalin Island in the Russian Far East in the twentieth century. Bruce Grant, an Assistant Professor of Anthropology at...

Government, Industry, and Re-Armament in Russia: 1900-1914, The Last Argument of Tsarism.
April 1, 1996... Peter Gatrell, Senior Lecturer in Economic History at the University of Manchester, will be best known to many for his fine examination of late imperial Russian economic history, The Tsarist Economy 1850-1917 (London, 1986). However, for...

Marxism and the Leap to the Kingdom of Freedom: The Rise and Fall of Communist Utopia.
April 1, 1996... Andrzej Walicki is critical of "Western Marxists" and "Sovietologists" for minimizing the role of Marxist theory in the development of Soviet totalitarianism. He accuses them of giving an "idealized misreading" of Marx and an "unphilosophical...

Stalin's Letters to Molotov.
April 1, 1996... New work based on Russian archives is now beginning to appear, and the books herein reviewed are two such examples. The book edited by Professors Lih, Naumov, and Khlevniuk is a translation from Russian of the collection of eighty-six letters...

Lenin: A New Biography.
April 1, 1996... New work based on Russian archives is now beginning to appear, and the books herein reviewed are two such examples. The book edited by Professors Lih, Naumov, and khlevniuk is a translation from Russian of the collection of eighty-six letters...

Double Deception: Stalin, Hitler, and the Invasion of Russia.
April 1, 1996... The twentieth century has been shaped and defined by its two world wars and the peculiar conflict between Soviet Russia and the western world. Although the Cold War is conventionally said to follow World War II, there is mounting evidence to...

Stalin's Drive to the West: 1938-1945, The Origins of the Cold War.
April 1, 1996... The twentieth century has been shaped and defined by its two world wars and the peculiar conflict between Soviet Russia and the western world. Although the Cold War is conventionally said to follow World War II, there is mounting evidence to...

The Soviet Union and the Origins of the Second World War: Russo-German Relations and the Road to War, 1933-1941.
April 1, 1996... Why did the Soviet Union seek (or appear to seek) alliance with the western democracies after Adolf Hitler came to power in Germany? According to one school of historians, Moscow's purpose was to threaten Hitler with encirclement as a means of...

Law and English Railway Capitalism: 1825-1875.
April 1, 1996... For most specialists in modem British history, legal history after 1688 remains something of a nightmare. The advent of doctrine in areas such as tort and contract law quickly reduces those without specific legal training to frustration...

Shop Floor Citizens: Engineering Democracy in 1940s Britain.
April 1, 1996... Though the ambit of research on political and social change in wartime and postwar Britain has continued to expand in recent years, with more revisionist treatments complementing the orthodox accounts of the coalition and Attlee governments,...

In Jeopardy: The Royal Navy and British Far Eastern Defence Policy, 1945-1951.
April 1, 1996... Inside this short book (approximately 115 pages of text), is an interesting and informative article attempting to get out. Malcolm Murfett, Senior Lecturer in the Department of History at the National University of Singapore and a well-known...

Becoming Southern: The Evolution of a Way of Life, Warren County, Mississippi, 1760-1860.
April 1, 1996... In Becoming Southern, Christopher Morris relates the history of the area between the Yazoo and Loosa Chitto Rivers in the Lower Mississippi Valley as it evolved into the "Southern" community of Warren County, Mississippi. Focusing on the...

Brethren Society: The Cultural Transformation of a "Peculiar People."
April 1, 1996... The great strength of this worthy book on a little known American religious body is that it takes culture (in a matter-of-fact sense of the word) seriously. Questions of dress and other sumptuary regulations, credal formulations and their...

Positivist Republic: Auguste Comte and the Reconstruction of American Liberalism, 1865-1920.
April 1, 1996... It has long been understood that liberalism in the United States underwent a tremendous transformation at the turn of the twentieth century. From a system of thought that preached free individualism, equality (at least among white males), and...

The FDR Years: On Roosevelt and His Legacy.
April 1, 1996... William E. Leuchtenburg, the distinguished American historian of the New Deal, was at first doubtful that there were enough of his lesser known essays to be collected for a book. Upon reflection, however, he agreed to the project. Those...

Erie Lackawanna: Death of an American Railroad, 1938-1992.
April 1, 1996... In this well-illustrated volume, H. Roger Grant traces the recent corporate history of the "Weary Erie." Its residual corporate entity financed his research and provided an honorarium. This helps explain the attention given this mid-size...

Between Reform and Revolution: Political Struggles in the Peruvian Andes, 1969-1991.
April 1, 1996... Anthropologist Linda Seligmann has crafted a fascinating ethnography of one highland Peruvian community during a period of intense change. Her book analyses the impact that Peru's radical agrarian reform, decreed in 1969 by General Juan...

To Steal a Book is an Elegant Offense: Intellectual Property Law and Chinese Civilization.
April 1, 1996... This is a sort of a history book, for the author, William P. Alford, draws on the ancient history of Chinese civilization to explicate a very contemporary problem -- the Chinese disregard for copyright, patents, and other forms of legal...

Cherishing Men from Afar: Qing Guest Ritual and the Macartney Embassy of 1793.
April 1, 1996... James Hevia's fine book shows what revisionism, executed properly, can achieve. The book is about an episode that is among the best known in the history of Sino-European relations: the mission in 1793 of George, Viscount Macartney to the court...

Sport in Australia: A Social History.
April 1, 1996... Two of Australia's foremost sport historians, Wray Vamplew and Brian Stoddart, have crafted an edited work featuring twelve other authors, in the style of Tony Mason's Sport in Britain: A Social History (Cambridge University Press, 1989). Sport...

The Way of the Heavenly Sword: The Japanese Army of the 1920s.
April 1, 1996... From the Meiji Restoration to the Pacific War, the emergence of Japan as a modern state was irrevocably intertwined with its successes in war. Japan's victory over Russia in 1905 made her a great power, and led to a search for autochthonic...

Mobilizing the Masses: Building Revolution in Henan.
April 1, 1996... The success of the Chinese Communist party in mobilizing the normally conservative and passive peasantry for a large-scale social revolution has been the subject of extensive controversy not only in the literature of modern Chinese history,...

The History of Everyday Life: Reconstructing Historical Experiences and Ways of Life.
April 1, 1996... As an important movement of analysis and radical social criticism, Alltagsgeschichte (the history of everyday life) has been around for the better part of two decades, both within and outside of the German historical establishment. Although...

The Distorted Past: A Reinterpretation of Europe.
April 1, 1996... Revisionism is the current trend in historical writing. Of most, most professional historians are revisionists inasmuch as they work to correct or amplify our understanding of the past through a reconsideration of the sources available. In...

Instruments and the Imagination.
April 1, 1996... Newton tells us that the prisms he used for his now-famous experiments on the nature of light were purchased at a country fair. Prisms at the time were mere artifacts for amusement, part of what was called "natural magic" -- until Newton...

Airpower: Theory and Practice.
April 1, 1996... This series of articles was first published as a special issue of the Journal of Strategic Studies in March 1995, so the present volume represents the concept of a joint publication of a periodical issue and a book. No doubt this does provide...