Industrial Heating articles from December 2002

Industrial Heating archives from December 2002

Reward first-rate teaching talent. (Editorial).(Editorial)
December 1, 2002... A study sponsored by the National Research Council, the principal operating agency of the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering notes that the public and private sectors have invested heavily in university...

Corporate crooks. (Federal Triangle).(Column)
December 1, 2002... Most everyone understands the difference between right and wrong, but some choose to ignore the lessons--people such as managed Enron, WorldCom and Sunbeam. There is no doubt that some corporate managers broke laws, should go to jail, and have...

DOE expanding fossil-fuel initiative. (Trends).(Department of Energy)
December 1, 2002... In an effort to enhance the nation's economic and energy security through continued use of fossil fuels, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) announced a broad-based solicitation that seeks to expand research and development of coal, oil and...

Are you investing in environmental liabilities? (Environmental & Safety Issues).
December 1, 2002... We now live in a world that requires corporate disclosures from CEOs and CFOs regarding their company's financial condition. Companies such as Enron Corp. and WorldCom Inc. have devastated investors due to the fraudulent behavior and unethical...

Quench oil recovery saves dollars and downtime. (Problem Solver).
December 1, 2002... Situation: Lindberg Heat Treating Co., Rockford Div., Rockford, Ill., cleans its heat-treated and oil-quenched parts in heated spray wash tanks, which over time become contaminated with the quench oil. This created various problems...

Wirco Inc./IHRE: honesty is the best policy. (MTI Profiles: Metal Treating Institute).(Company Profile)
December 1, 2002... Since 1978, Wirco Inc., Avilla, Ind., has been committed to providing high-quality heat treat fixturing and furnace replacement parts to its customers. It was incorporated in 1969 as a commercial heat-treating company. The heat-treating assets...

Karl Dungs Inc.: a technological design and development leader. (HEA Profiles: Industrial Heating Equipment Association).(Company Profile)
December 1, 2002... Karl Dungs Inc., Lino Lakes, Minn., was established in 1997 as a subsidiary of KARL DUNGS GmbH & Co. in Stuttgart, Germany. Karl Dungs Sr. launched one of the first electronic burner flame safeguards. Still owned by the family, Karl Dungs...

Basic guide to ferrous metallurgy. (Thermal Process Guide).
December 1, 2002... Diagram provided by Tempil[R] Inc., South Plainfield, NJ 07080 1 TRANSFORMATION RANGE. In this range steels undergo internal atomic changes which radically affect the properties of the material. 2 LOWER TRANSFORMATION TEMPERATURE...

Annealing: annealing usually is performed to soften steel and prepare it for subsequent operations and to soften cold-worked nonferrous metals via recrystallization. (Thermal Process Guide).
December 1, 2002... General Annealing is a generic term for a heat treatment involving heating to and holding at a suitable temperature followed by cooling at a suitable rate. It is the term generally used to describe a heat-treating process used to produce...

Hardening: hardening is a heat treatment used to increase hardness by rapid cooling to cause an austenite to martensite transformation. (Thermal Process Guide).
December 1, 2002... General Hardening is the process of heating steel to a temperature to produce an austenitic structure and cooling at a rate so a substantial amount of austenite transforms to martensite. The proper austenitizing temperature to which the...

Normalizing. (Thermal Process Guide).
December 1, 2002... Normalizing is an operation for restoring the structure or producing a uniform structure for a particular steel being heat treated. Normalizing is used to treat primarily plain-carbon and low-alloy hypoeutectoid steels. General ...

Solution heat treating and precipitation hardening: solution heat treating is a form of homogenizing anneal, followed by a quench and subsequent reheating to cause controlled precipitation of the constituents. (Thermal Process Guide).
December 1, 2002... General One method to harden metals is precipitation hardening. Age hardening is a sight variation of this process but the essential features of both are the same. Age hardening increases hardness and strength and decreases ductility. It...

Stress relieving: stress relieving is used to remove residual stresses resulting from other manufacturing steps. (Thermal Process Guide).
December 1, 2002... Similar to tempering, stress relieving is achieved by heating to temperatures above 500[degrees]F (260[degrees]C), but at a temperature below the lower transformation temperature for steels and irons. For nonferrous metals, the temperature can...

Surface hardening: surface hardening treatments usually are intended to provide a hard, wear-resistant surface, or case, on a relatively soft, tough core. (Thermal Process Guide).
December 1, 2002... General Surface hardening is a surface treatment also known as surface modification, surface engineering and case hardening that involves diffusion techniques, which are subdivided into thermochemical and thermal processes. Thermo-chemical...

Tempering: tempering is the process of transforming metastable martensite (a super-saturated solution of carbon in iron) to tempered martensite (ferrite and carbide) at temperatures below the lower transformation temperature. (Thermal Process Guide).
December 1, 2002... General Tempering can be defined as heating steel to any temperature below the critical temperature, [A.sub.1], (which overlaps with stress relieving in some cases) and is applied to reheating following a hardening operation. Tempering...

Temperature conversions. (Thermal Process Guide).(Illustration)
December 1, 2002... Temperature Conversions Look up reading in the middle column; if in degrees Celsius, read Fahrenheit equivalent in left-hand column; if in degrees Fahrenheit, read Celsius equivalent in right-hand column. [degrees]F *...

Ask the expert.(www.airproducts.com/metals)(Brief Article)
December 1, 2002... Q: Why is control necessary for a protective atmosphere? A: The simplest non-reactive atmosphere for thermal processing of a metal or material is a pure inert gas or vacuum, yet neither offers protection against trace impurities such as...