Underground Construction articles from March 2004

Underground Construction archives from March 2004

Innovation.(Editor's Log)
March 1, 2004... While the term innovation is often bandied about (and overused), our March issue of Underground Construction really stands out in my mind as being full of stories deserving of the "innovative" designation. The articles serve as testimony to...

Gulf Coast pipeline blocked.(Newsline: for the latest industry developments)
March 1, 2004... The California Energy Commission has adopted a report that recommends against building a pipeline to transport gasoline from the Gulf Coast to California. The report, Gulf Coast of California Pipeline Feasibility Study, concluded that the Gulf...

New wet weather flow policy proposed.(Newsline: for the latest industry developments)
March 1, 2004... The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced a proposed policy that would provide guidance on National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit requirements for treatment plants in publicly owned treatment works (POTWs)...

Michels officially joins race for U.S. Senate.(Newsline: for the latest industry developments)
March 1, 2004... Michels Corporation Vice President Tim Michels officially announced his candidacy for the U.S. Senate at the family owned Michels Corporation office in New Berlin, WI. "I'm announcing my candidacy for the U.S. Senate because this nation...

WEF comments on EPA's guidance on blending.(Newsline: for the latest industry developments)
March 1, 2004... The Water Environment Federation (WEF) submitted comments in response to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) draft guidance on blending. The draft guidance, released in November 2003, addressed the need for maximizing...

Invest in clean air.(Newsline: for the latest industry developments)
March 1, 2004... EPA Administrator Mike Leavitt, addressing a board of directors meeting of the Edison Electric Institute, told the nation's power company officials their industry must begin investing now to reduce emissions of sulfur dioxide (S[O.sub.2]),...

EPA pollution reduction enforcement rises.(Newsline: for the latest industry developments)
March 1, 2004... The EPA's compliance assurance and enforcement results for Fiscal Year 2003 show that environmental benefits increased an estimated 131 percent over FY2002. Estimated pollutants reduced, treated or properly managed totaled approximately 600...

James Kurth named DCA safety director of the year.(Newsline: for the latest industry developments)
March 1, 2004... James Kurth, safely director for Infrasource Underground Services, was awarded the sixth annual Safely Director of the Year Award at the DCA Safely Congress during the Underground Construction Technology International Conference and Exhibition...

In memorial.
March 1, 2004... Billie Gump, widow of Dick Gump, former managing director of the Pipe Line Contractors Association, died Jan. 20, in Dallas, TX. Services were held on Jan. 23, at the Chapel at Sparkman-Hillcrest Funeral Home in Dallas. Gump is survived by her...

Second contender for Alaskan gas pipeline.(washington watch)
March 1, 2004... Republican leaders ill the House and Senate made a decision the first week in February to break up the components of the energy bill which nearly cleared Congress at the end of the 2003 session and try to pass those components as individual...

Central Plastics Co.(Equipment spotlight: pipe & joint fusion)
March 1, 2004... Central Plastics' BS-4 Butt Fusion Machine is capable of butt fusing 1/2-inch IPS thru 4-inch IPS pipe and fittings. This compact machine is manufactured using structural aluminum castings for stability, yet is still light, weight at only 34...

Footage tools.(Equipment spotlight: pipe & joint fusion)
March 1, 2004... The Footage Tools compact Butt Fusion System is ideal for most fusion operations. Trimming or facing the pipe is easy using the gear drive power facing tool, which is positioned between the pipe clamps using the guide pins. Guide plugs on the...

McElroy Mfg.(Equipment spotlight: pipe & joint fusion)
March 1, 2004... The new PolyPorter, by McElroy Manufacturing is designed to aid in the lifting and moving of polyethylene pipe as well as double as a pipe stand. It is equipped with pneumatic tires for ease of maneuverability over rocky terrain and a roller...

Connectra Fusion Technologies.(Equipment spotlight: pipe & joint fusion)
March 1, 2004... Connectra's new 28 CQ hydraulic HDPE fusion machine offers 2-inch IPS to 8-inch DIPS capability in a unit that sells for under $7,000. With a carriage weight of only 98 pounds, the two-clamp, lightweight design is powered by a unique hand...

Vacmasters.(Product Showcase)
March 1, 2004... VACMASTERS manufactures a complete family of AIR-VACUUM EXCAVATION SYSTEMS and DIRECTIONAL, BORING MUD VACUUMS. Our SYSTEM 4000, SYSTEM 3000 and SYSTEM 100 air-vacuum excavators enable operators to pothole using high pressure air 95% of the...

Astec Underground.(Product Showcase)
March 1, 2004... Astec Underground American Augers and Trencor, now known as Astec Underground, are industry-leading manufacturers of trenchers; horizontal directional drills, boring machines, mud systems and downhole tooling. Our equipment is in service all...

Hobas is premier trenchless pipe.(Product Showcase)
March 1, 2004... HOBAS IS PREMIER TRENCHLESS PIPE HOBAS fiberglass-reinforced, polymer mortar pipe provides inherent corrosion resistance, superior hydraulic characteristics and a long, maintenance-free life. Key applications are sanitary sewers, potable water...

Lansas[R]--new Atlanta warehouse.(Product Showcase)
March 1, 2004... LANSAS[R]--NEW ATLANTA WAREHOUSE LANSAS[R] has answered the needs of our customers once again! We now have a fully stocked warehouse in Atlanta, Georgia. Our stock includes plugs from 3/4" to the largest multi-size plug available, the 60" X 96"...

SDR 26 HWS expands Inserta Tee[R] line.(Product Showcase)
March 1, 2004... SDR 26 HWS Expands INSERTA TEE[R] Line INSERTA FITTINGS Co. announces an expansion of its family of compression lateral connection fittings. This INSERTA TEE[R] allows SDR26 HWS 4" (100mm) through 15" (375mm) laterals to be connected to any...

American Highway Products Ltd.(Product Showcase)
March 1, 2004... American Highway Products Ltd. Water/Gas Valve Compression Riser is used to reduce cost and stream line the adjusting of utilities to the new grade when paving a road. It's unique Compression Design ensures a pressed in bearing fit when...

ISCO Industries.(Product Showcase)
March 1, 2004... ISCO Industries has published a new, extensive Product Catalog complete with information about HDPE pipe and specifications, HDPE molded and fabricated fittings, McElroy fusion machines, mechanical connections and much more. The 208 page...

Distribution Construction Company.(Product Showcase)
March 1, 2004... Distribution Construction Company--We provide our customers with horizontal directional drilling systems that offer: Power and Speed; Fast, efficient setup; Broad range of pipe types and sizes; Quality on-site management; A skilled and...

Horizontal Boring Machine by Laney Machine.(Product Showcase)
March 1, 2004... Horizontal Boring Machine by LANEY MACHINE--The Laney 3D-55 is self contained and powered by a 3 cylinder V M Diesel engine that makes 67 horsepower. Power is transferred through a 5 speed Eaton Fuller transmission, and the machine has 24,550...

Central Mine Equipment.(Product Showcase)
March 1, 2004... Central Mine Equipment The CME 50DD is a simple, rugged and reliable mid size directional drill that provides 50,000 lbs. of thrust and retract and over 9,000 ft/lbs, of rotary torque. The CME-50DD features a rack and pinion, feed and retract...

"Pump smart--rent smart with Rain for Rent".(Product Showcase)
March 1, 2004... "PUMP SMART--RENT SMART WITH RAIN FOR RENT" Rain for Rent, one of the top rental equipment companies in the nation, combines its full line of rental pumps, pipe, liquid storage tanks, spill control, and filtration systems into creative...

Godwin Pumps adds the CD400M 18 inch x 16 inch portable trash pump to its line of Dri-Prime automatic self-priming pumps.(Product Showcase)
March 1, 2004... Godwin Pumps adds the CD400M 18 inch x 16 inch portable trash pump to its line of Dri-Prime automatic self-priming pumps. The CD400M Dri-Prime handles flows to 10,000 gallons per minute, heads to 150 feet, and solids to 5 inches in diameter. It...

LETS.(Product Showcase)
March 1, 2004... LETS Aries raises industry standard with the release of their updated LETS. Aries LETS inspects lateral lines up to 120" from main line sewerlines. A new Pan & Tilt Camera is provided to assist with mainline inspection and lateral launches. The...

HDPE pipeline rental program--nationwide service "pump smart-rent smart with Rain for Rent".(Product Showcase)
March 1, 2004... HDPE PIPELINE RENTAL PROGRAM--NATIONWIDE SERVICE "PUMP SMART-RENT SMART WITH RAIN FOR RENT" Rain for Rent, one of the top rental equipment companies in the nation, combines its full line of rental pumps, pipe, liquid storage tanks, spill...

4" hex augers in sizes to 60" McLaughlin.(Product Showcase)
March 1, 2004... 4" HEX AUGERS IN SIZES TO 60" McLAUGHLIN makes the ONLY 4" hex auger with both shanks and sockets of through hardened alloy steel. Heavy-duty flighting is 3/8" thick (1/2" also available) with overlapped joints and machine-welded flights for...

Infi-Shield.(Product Showcase)
March 1, 2004... Made from high quality EPDM rubber, INFI-SHIELD* external seal prevents Inflow and Infiltration in manholes or catch basins. Having excellent adhesion properties, INFI-SHIELD* is bonded with nonhardening butyl mastic and it will pass a vacuum...

We can dig it or we can drill it.(Product Showcase)
March 1, 2004... We Can Dig It or We Can Drill It--InterCon has enjoyed over a decade of steady growth, performing hundreds of successful contracts from our Midwestern base. Our total package of services includes: Gas distribution; Small diameter pipeline...

Laney Machine, Inc.(Product Showcase)
March 1, 2004... Laney Machine, Inc. offers surface to surface bentonite mixing systems in a variety of sizes. From 300 to 1500 gallons. The 750 mixer uses a 4" pump that delivers 200 gpm., has a 4 point shearing mix, and a venturi jet hoper. Gas or diesel...

4-function Boom.(Product Showcase)
March 1, 2004... Available on certain vaXcavator[R] models, the 4-FUNCTION BOOM rotates 270[degrees], raises/lowers, extends/ retracts, and shuts off air-flow through the collection hose to build extra vacuum for removal of materials from deep excavations. The...

Shredder backreamer.(Product Showcase)
March 1, 2004... Shredder Backreamer Melfred Borzall's extensive line of backreamers for directional drilling includes the Shredder, Carbide tipped cutting teeth are strategically placed to efficiently rip through tough ground conditions. Angled fluid passages...

American Pipe & Plastics.(Product Showcase)
March 1, 2004... American Pipe & Plastics now offers cost-effective, C.I.P. trenchless solutions for the repair of deteriorated sewer main and lateral pipelines. AMPATCH is a sectional repair using fiberglass matting and non-shrinking ambient-cure...

Three Spy[R] portable holiday detector packages.(Product Showcase)
March 1, 2004... Three Spy[R] Portable Holiday Detector Packages Three Pipeline Inspection Company portable holiday detector models quickly and accurately inspect pipe coatings or two to sixty inch pipes. These light weight and self-contained SPY[R] Models 715,...

"Pivoted Turnbuckle".(Product Showcase)
March 1, 2004... Our "Pivoted Turnbuckle" is the most Efficient, Powerful Expandable Manhole Riser on the Market. American Highway Products Ltd. Manhole riser is used to reduce cost and stream line the adjusting of utilities to the new grade when paving a road....

HCSS.(Product Showcase)
March 1, 2004... HCSS HeavyJob job tracking software by Heavy Construction Systems Specialists (HCSS) makes recording daily jobsite information effortless with a handheld PDA, laptop or desktop PC. In minutes, timecard information and daily jobsite data can be...

A vacuum excavation system built for you!(Product Showcase)
March 1, 2004... A VACUUM EXCAVATION SYSTEM BUILT FOR YOU! Vacuum Source will custom build your own system to meet your needs... Trailer or skid-mounted, gasoline or diesel engines, 250-1200 gal. collection tanks, 125-410 gal. water tanks (multiples if...

Raven.(Product Showcase)
March 1, 2004... Raven's products continually meet the challenges encountered in underground rehabilitation and corrosion protection. Raven's team approach provides solutions through high performing products suitable for the environment, custom application...

This attachment will shred 6-8" hard woods to ground level on skid steers with high flow hydraulics.(Product Showcase)
March 1, 2004... This attachment will shred 6-8" hard woods to ground level on skid steers with high flow hydraulics. Fixed tooth rotor or flail rotor styles available, Clear right of ways before or after construction. Contact: Brown Bear Corporation, PO Box...

Don't bury that leak!(Product Showcase)
March 1, 2004... Don't Bury That Leak! Your men can test each pipe joint as it's laid in less than 30 seconds and tell whether it's going to leak or not, before it's buried without pressure. An ultrasonic transmitter is used in coordination with an ultrasonic...

Ideal pipe for sliplining.(Product Showcase)
March 1, 2004... IDEAL PIPE FOR SLIPLINING HOBAS pipe's high strength-to-weight ratio, smooth surface and flush, push-together joints are ideal for sliplining. Its superior hydraulic characteristics provide maximum flow recovery. The centrifugally cast,...

Pipeline news offers the latest contract information for the underground construction industry.(Product Showcase)
March 1, 2004... Pipeline News offers the latest contract information for the underground construction industry. Designed for pipeline & utilities contractors, the newsletter includes information on hundreds of jobs, at a fraction of the cost of other...

Reed.(Product Showcase)
March 1, 2004... The PES8 Squeeze-Off Tool compresses 3" to 8" diameter (75-200 mm) polyethylene (PC) plastic tube/pipe to stop the flow of water or gas. Reed offers a manual version, PES8M, and a hydraulic version, PES8H. The tool uses positive stops to...

Reliner[R]/Duran Inc.(Product Showcase)
March 1, 2004... INSIDE DROPS for Sanitary Sewers from RELINER[R]/Duran Inc. eliminate outside drops, clean up failed inside drops and are excellent as stormwater drops and in wet wells. Compact, low-profile bowls and brackets are simple and cost effective,...

Sauereisen SewerSeal no. F-170: a versatile new lining to restore and protect collection systems.(Product Showcase)
March 1, 2004... Sauereisen SewerSeal No. F-170: A versatile new lining to restore and protect collection systems. Sauereisen introduces SewerSeal, a durable new calcium aluminate-based lining that prevents inflow and infiltration in underground infrastructure....

Earth Tool Company LLC.(Product Showcase)
March 1, 2004... Earth Tool Company LLC--A global company providing the construction industry with world class trenchless tools and solutions. Choose from a broad line of pneumatic piercing tools, pneumatic and hydraulic pipe bursting systems, pipe ramming...

Duke's Root Control.(Product Showcase)
March 1, 2004... Duke's Root Control service is an effective, proven method for controlling sewer line root problems. Over 1,000 municipalities have used Duke's services in more than 60 million feet of sewers. Duke's applies EPA registered products that kill...

TerraBrute[TM].(Product Showcase)
March 1, 2004... TerraBrute[TM] is the first AWWA C900 PVC pressure pipe system specifically engineered for Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) and other trenchless applications. Now you can standardize on PVC throughout your potable water and sewer...

Enduro Digi-TelTM DataLoggerTM.(Product Showcase)
March 1, 2004... The Enduro Digi-TelTM DataLoggerTM--A pig-driven GPS survey to satisfy GIS mapping needs and the National Pipeline Mapping System (NPMS) Geospatial Data requirements. Enduro Pipeline Services, Inc. has developed a pipeline inspection tool which...

The Robbins Company.(Product Showcase)
March 1, 2004... The Robbins Company's newest addition, the ABM48-950 Auger Boring Machine, incorporates new designs for safety and productivity improvements. It utilizes a CAT engine with 157 hp continuous duty, and nearly 200,000 ft-lbs torque. Features...

Tornado.(Product Showcase)
March 1, 2004... See why Tornado is the fastest growing name in hydro-excavating equipment in North America For more information call: 877-340-8141 Circle No. 388 [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED]

BorTunCo conducts simultaneous trenchless construction: on $2 billion freeway reconstruction project.
March 1, 2004... Zeroing in on a solution to severe traffic problems on Houston's west side will take some time. Today, however, work is under way on the Texas Department of Transportation's (TxDOT's) almost $2 billion Katy Freeway Reconstruction Program...

Trenchless Municipal Sewer & Water Workshop slated for Orlando.(UCT Seminar Series)
March 1, 2004... The UCT Seminar Series kicks off its sixth year of outstanding educational programs with its Trenchless Municipal Sewer & Water Workshop scheduled for April 13-14, at the Wait Disney World Swan Hotel in Orlando, FL. This will be the first...

Unique design creates compact excavator-tool carrier.(First Look)
March 1, 2004... At first glance, the new Ditch Witch XT850 could be mistaken for a mini-excavator. This rubber-track machine is about the same size as popular mini-excavator models and an excavator boom and bucket extends from the front of the machine....

APCA educates its members.
March 1, 2004... Since 1971, the American Pipeline Contractors Association (APCA) has provided the pipeline industry with a means to keep members informed about industry changes and serve as a forum to exchange ideas on how to best cope with these changes. ...

Outlook upbeat at UCT 2004.(UCT 2004 Review)
March 1, 2004... Attitudes of contractors, project owners and engineers attending the 2004 Underground Construction Technology International Conference & Exposition (UCT) were more upbeat than at any recent show. For the first time since the general...

RehabZone wows, educates visitors.(UCT 2004 Review)
March 1, 2004... Last year, amid preparations for the RehabZone for 2004's Underground Construction Technology International Conference & Exposition (UCT), planners were concerned. The "show within a show" was such a success at the '03 UCT, they wondered...

American Pipe & Plastics.(New Products Unveiled At UCT)
March 1, 2004... American Pipe & Plastics chose the UCT exhibition as an appropriate venue to introduce its AM-TRIM Hydrocutter, an innovative high-torque robotic cutter used to reinstate sewer lateral services from 4 to 18 inches. Now, a single tool can both...

Astec Underground.(New Products Unveiled At UCT)
March 1, 2004... Astec Underground's commitment to the underground and utility construction markets has resulted in a new loader and improved back hoe attachments. The American Army Knife from Astec Underground offers a construction professional the...

TT Technologies.(New Products Unveiled At UCT)
March 1, 2004... The new Grundoburst 2500G from TT Technologies opens the door for large diameter static bursting. The Grundoburst 2500G is designed for steel and ductile iron pipes ranging in diameter from 24 through 48 inches. Specially designed cutter heads...

Dow Chemical Company.(New Products Unveiled At UCT)
March 1, 2004... The Dow Chemical Company also announced at UCT that its polyethylene resins for pressure pipe are now available under the trademark CONTINUUM Bimodal Polyethylene Resins and include an enhanced additive package designed to improve pipe...

Networking reception.(UCT 2004 Review)
March 1, 2004... Over 1,000 people gathered at the annual Gulf Coast Trenchless Association/UCT Networking Reception on Wednesday, Jan. 14, at the ballroom of the Hyatt Regency Houston Hotel, headquarters for UCT. Food, drink, stories and even business...

Vermeer hosts UCT customer event.(UCT 2004 Review)
March 1, 2004... As so many of their customers attend UCT, Vermeer Manufacturing hosted a special reception during the conference, It was held in the Union Station Roof Deck and Club House of nearby Minute Maid Park, the home of the Houston Astros professional...

Atlanta's Mayor Franklin delivers keynote address at UCT.(UCT 2004 Review)
March 1, 2004... City of Atlanta Mayor Shirley Franklin found an interested and supportive audience as she delivered the keynote address at the 10th UCT International Conference & Exhibition in Houston on Jan. 13. Mayor Franklin, who has dubbed herself the...

LA's Redner honored at MVP luncheon.(UCT 2004 Review)
March 1, 2004... John A. Redner, departmental engineer for the County Sanitation Districts of Los Angeles County, received the prestigious Most Valuable Professional Award for 2004 from the Gulf Coast Trenchless Association and Underground Construction...

Butt-fusion systems for PVC pipe.
March 1, 2004... Underground Solutions Inc., Pittsburgh, PA, has come up with what is believed to be two new fusion products suited to join PVC pipe. According to the company, use of either of the two techniques, Fusible C900 and Fusible C905 results in a...

Hawaii: home to PLCA 56th Annual Convention.(Convention Review)
March 1, 2004... The Hyatt Regency Kauai was the site for this year's meeting and marked the second time the PLCA has held its meeting at this facility. Peter M. Billey, president of Right-of-Way Clearing & Maintenance Inc., Greensburg, PA, presided over the...

HDD/sliplining solves unique challenge.(Directional Drilling)
March 1, 2004... Life in the small town of Shell Lake centers around a beautiful lake. Also called Shell Lake, it is a 2,580-acre body of water that is entirely in the corporate limits of the pleasant community of 1,300 people in rural northwestern Wisconsin....

Cooperation, Geotech data smooth way for Fraser River crossing.(Directional Drilling)
March 1, 2004... Installing a 24-inch diameter steel pipe by horizontal directional drilling (HDD) under a major river in a populated area takes careful planning, a realistic design, experienced contractors and a leap of faith (or reliable geotechnical data)....

Astec Underground/EarthPro.(Downhole Directional Drilling Tools)
March 1, 2004... The V-Rock Reamer has an open-winged design for use in a wide variety of soil conditions from dirt and sand to limestone and glacial till. The heavy-duty construction of the V-Rock provides the strength, durability and reliability to complete...

Stewart & Stevenson.(Downhole Directional Drilling Tools)
March 1, 2004... Stewart & Stevenson's reamers provide: driven reamer face with a maximum of 7,500 foot/pounds at the bit; replaceable cutting face with a minimum diameter of 12 inches; multiple cutting faces (hole openers, compactors, wing blades, and...

Sandvik Smith.(Downhole Directional Drilling Tools)
March 1, 2004... Sandvik Smith has expanded its rock reaming product line to include the 24-inch HDX reamer "Kit" components. These components incorporate the latest in HDD design technology from Sandvik Smith. Features include the new patented Dual Radial...

Vermeer Mfg.(Downhole Directional Drilling Tools)
March 1, 2004... The Universal Transmitter Housing covers virtually all HDD requirements, and its side-load design provides easy access to electronics--there is no need to break joints to change batteries. The patent-applied-for Universal Transmitter Housing...

DCD Design & Mfg.(Downhole Directional Drilling Tools)
March 1, 2004... The Poly-Puller has many excellent features including a polyurethane nose cone that has proven to be extremely durable in all types of conditions. Its four-jaw clamping system uses the same jaws that have proved successful in the DCD sealed...

Railhead Underground Products.(Downhole Directional Drilling Tools)
March 1, 2004... The EXTReam from Railhead Underground Products is designed with no moving parts--at the end of a backream you simply replace any worn teeth and the EXTReam is ready to go again. Although the EXTReam will work in other conditions, it performs...

Ballantine.(Downhole Directional Drilling Tools)
March 1, 2004... The HDD Fluted Reamer by Ballantine has a compact design, which increases angle and reduces weight. Deeper, wider flutes pump fluids to product and allow for better pressure and flow control. The solid-body core made from the heavy-duty...

Ditch witch.(Downhole Directional Drilling Tools)
March 1, 2004... The Rhino Rock Backreamer is designed for enlarging diameters of pilot holes made through rocky soil conditions with horizontal directional drilling equipment. Cutting cones welded on the tool's shaft contain tungsten carbide inserts that eat...

Sharewell directional drilling systems.(Downhole Directional Drilling Tools)
March 1, 2004... Sharewell's Shielded Reamer prevents cave-ins during the pullback phase of a directional bore. This unique tool has an enclosed swivel and connection area that protects the pulling system from borehole environments. Cobble, gravel and other...

Melfred Borzall.(Downhole Directional Drilling Tools)
March 1, 2004... Melfred Borzall's newest addition to their line of HDD rock tools, the Eagle Claw, is ready to rip through the toughest soils. Made for rocky conditions, the Eagle Claw features carbide buttons to minimize wear, quick-change carbide cutter...

BICO drilling tools.(Downhole Directional Drilling Tools)
March 1, 2004... BICO's line of Flex-Drill Mud Motors has been specially configured for the unique situations encountered in utility or river crossing applications. BICO carries a full line of BICO Hole Openers and can offer same day shipping in most cases. The...

Case construction equipment.(Downhole Directional Drilling Tools)
March 1, 2004... Case offers an upgraded line of downhole tools with more sizes and better cutting action for horizontal directional drilling operations. The Case Impeller line of reamers is designed for cutting in heavy clay and gravel-filled soils. The reamer...

Baroid industrial drilling products.(Drilling Fluids)
March 1, 2004... Baroid IDP developed BORE-GEL, a premium grade bentonite which combines superior gel strengths, filtercake development and filtration control with a lower resultant viscosity. The primary focus of suspension of drill cuttings combined with...